IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v143y2021ics1364032121002628.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Impact of lower and higher alcohols on the physicochemical properties of particulate matter from diesel engines: A review

Author

Listed:
  • Ghadikolaei, Meisam Ahmadi
  • Wong, Pak Kin
  • Cheung, Chun Shun
  • Ning, Zhi
  • Yung, Ka-Fu
  • Zhao, Jing
  • Gali, Nirmal Kumar
  • Berenjestanaki, Alireza Valipour

Abstract

The literature reveals that fossil fuels will continue to be the main energy source for transportation fleets up to 2050, despite their non-renewability and the emissions of pollutants resulting from their use. Until the full adoption of non-fossil and zero-emission vehicles (e.g., electric vehicles), the application of renewable liquid fuels could be the best choice due to the latter's positive effects such as reduced consumption of fossil fuels and reduced emissions of pollutants. Alcohols, among others, have been widely tested as alternative fuels in diesel engines, however, there is no comprehensive information about their impacts on particulate matter (PM) which has a direct influence on human health, the environment, and emission catalyst's efficiency. This review comprehensively explores the impact of lower/higher alcohols, from methanol to decanol, in dual-fuel mode on the PM physicochemical properties emitted from diesel engines under different alcohol ratios and operating conditions. It is observed that alcohols change the PM physical properties by reducing primary particle size/number, radius of gyration, fractal dimension, and fringe length and increasing fringe separation distance and tortuosity compared to those of diesel PM. Regarding the chemical properties, alcohols reduce polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzo[a]pyrene equivalent, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), ions, and soot ignition temperature and increase OC/EC ratio and soot oxidation reactivity. Thus, each 10% of alcohol, by volume, has the potential to reduce PM mass, number, and size by about 17, 20, and 10%, while lower alcohols and blended mode have more impact than higher alcohols and fumigation mode, respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Ghadikolaei, Meisam Ahmadi & Wong, Pak Kin & Cheung, Chun Shun & Ning, Zhi & Yung, Ka-Fu & Zhao, Jing & Gali, Nirmal Kumar & Berenjestanaki, Alireza Valipour, 2021. "Impact of lower and higher alcohols on the physicochemical properties of particulate matter from diesel engines: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:143:y:2021:i:c:s1364032121002628
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.110970
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032121002628
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2021.110970?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chen, Hao & Su, Xin & He, Jingjing & Xie, Bin, 2019. "Investigation on combustion and emission characteristics of a common rail diesel engine fueled with diesel/n-pentanol/methanol blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 297-311.
    2. Wang, Ying & Liu, Hong & Lee, Chia-Fon F., 2016. "Particulate matter emission characteristics of diesel engines with biodiesel or biodiesel blending: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 569-581.
    3. Bergthorson, Jeffrey M. & Thomson, Murray J., 2015. "A review of the combustion and emissions properties of advanced transportation biofuels and their impact on existing and future engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 1393-1417.
    4. Zhen, Xudong & Wang, Yang & Liu, Daming, 2020. "Bio-butanol as a new generation of clean alternative fuel for SI (spark ignition) and CI (compression ignition) engines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 2494-2521.
    5. Zaharin, M.S.M. & Abdullah, N.R. & Najafi, G. & Sharudin, H. & Yusaf, T., 2017. "Effects of physicochemical properties of biodiesel fuel blends with alcohol on diesel engine performance and exhaust emissions: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 475-493.
    6. Imran, A. & Varman, M. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A., 2013. "Review on alcohol fumigation on diesel engine: A viable alternative dual fuel technology for satisfactory engine performance and reduction of environment concerning emission," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 739-751.
    7. Santhosh, K. & Kumar, G.N., 2021. "Effect of injection time on combustion, performance and emission characteristics of direct injection CI engine fuelled with equi-volume of 1-hexanol/diesel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    8. Qi, D.H. & Chen, H. & Geng, L.M. & Bian, Y.ZH. & Ren, X.CH., 2010. "Performance and combustion characteristics of biodiesel-diesel-methanol blend fuelled engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(5), pages 1679-1686, May.
    9. Debnath, Biplab K. & Saha, Ujjwal K. & Sahoo, Niranjan, 2015. "A comprehensive review on the application of emulsions as an alternative fuel for diesel engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 196-211.
    10. Geng, Peng & Cao, Erming & Tan, Qinming & Wei, Lijiang, 2017. "Effects of alternative fuels on the combustion characteristics and emission products from diesel engines: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 523-534.
    11. Kim, Hwanam & Choi, Byungchul, 2008. "Effect of ethanol–diesel blend fuels on emission and particle size distribution in a common-rail direct injection diesel engine with warm-up catalytic converter," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(10), pages 2222-2228.
    12. Ghadikolaei, Meisam Ahmadi, 2016. "Effect of alcohol blend and fumigation on regulated and unregulated emissions of IC engines—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 1440-1495.
    13. Zhang, Zhi-Hui & Balasubramanian, Rajasekhar, 2016. "Investigation of particulate emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with higher alcohols/biodiesel blends," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 71-80.
    14. Shahir, S.A. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Imran, A. & Fattah, I.M. Rizwanul & Sanjid, A., 2014. "Feasibility of diesel–biodiesel–ethanol/bioethanol blend as existing CI engine fuel: An assessment of properties, material compatibility, safety and combustion," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 379-395.
    15. Chandran, Davannendran, 2020. "Compatibility of diesel engine materials with biodiesel fuel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 89-99.
    16. Pan, Mingzhang & Zheng, Zeyuan & Huang, Rong & Zhou, Xiaorong & Huang, Haozhong & Pan, Jiaying & Chen, Zhaohui, 2019. "Reduction in PM and NOX of a diesel engine integrated with n-octanol fuel addition and exhaust gas recirculation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    17. Babu, D. & Anand, R., 2017. "Effect of biodiesel-diesel-n-pentanol and biodiesel-diesel-n-hexanol blends on diesel engine emission and combustion characteristics," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 761-776.
    18. Rajesh Kumar, B. & Saravanan, S., 2016. "Use of higher alcohol biofuels in diesel engines: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 84-115.
    19. Mofijur, M. & Rasul, M.G. & Hyde, J. & Azad, A.K. & Mamat, R. & Bhuiya, M.M.K., 2016. "Role of biofuel and their binary (diesel–biodiesel) and ternary (ethanol–biodiesel–diesel) blends on internal combustion engines emission reduction," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 265-278.
    20. Jack P. C. Kleijnen, 2015. "Response Surface Methodology," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Michael C Fu (ed.), Handbook of Simulation Optimization, edition 127, chapter 0, pages 81-104, Springer.
    21. Suresh, M. & Jawahar, C.P. & Richard, Arun, 2018. "A review on biodiesel production, combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of non-edible oils in variable compression ratio diesel engine using biodiesel and its blends," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 38-49.
    22. Pedrozo, Vinícius B. & Zhao, Hua, 2018. "Improvement in high load ethanol-diesel dual-fuel combustion by Miller cycle and charge air cooling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 138-151.
    23. Fayad, Mohammed A. & Tsolakis, Athanasios & Martos, Francisco J., 2020. "Influence of alternative fuels on combustion and characteristics of particulate matter morphology in a compression ignition diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 962-969.
    24. Wei, Liangjie & Cheung, C.S. & Huang, Zuohua, 2014. "Effect of n-pentanol addition on the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a direct-injection diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 172-180.
    25. EL-Seesy, Ahmed I. & He, Zhixia & Kosaka, Hidenori, 2021. "Combustion and emission characteristics of a common rail diesel engine run with n-heptanol-methyl oleate mixtures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    26. Prakash, T. & Geo, V. Edwin & Martin, Leenus Jesu & Nagalingam, B., 2018. "Effect of ternary blends of bio-ethanol, diesel and castor oil on performance, emission and combustion in a CI engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 301-309.
    27. Ashok, B. & Nanthagopal, K. & Darla, Sivaprasad & Chyuan, Ong Hwai & Ramesh, A. & Jacob, Ashwin & Sahil, G. & Thiyagarajan, S. & Geo, V. Edwin, 2019. "Comparative assessment of hexanol and decanol as oxygenated additives with calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 494-510.
    28. Agarwal, Avinash Kumar & Gupta, Tarun & Kothari, Abhishek, 2011. "Particulate emissions from biodiesel vs diesel fuelled compression ignition engine," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(6), pages 3278-3300, August.
    29. Giakoumis, Evangelos G. & Rakopoulos, Constantine D. & Dimaratos, Athanasios M. & Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C., 2013. "Exhaust emissions with ethanol or n-butanol diesel fuel blends during transient operation: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 17(C), pages 170-190.
    30. Yilmaz, Nadir, 2012. "Comparative analysis of biodiesel–ethanol–diesel and biodiesel–methanol–diesel blends in a diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 40(1), pages 210-213.
    31. Fayad, M.A. & Tsolakis, A. & Fernández-Rodríguez, D. & Herreros, J.M. & Martos, F.J. & Lapuerta, M., 2017. "Manipulating modern diesel engine particulate emission characteristics through butanol fuel blending and fuel injection strategies for efficient diesel oxidation catalysts," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 490-500.
    32. Rakopoulos, Constantine D. & Dimaratos, Athanasios M. & Giakoumis, Evangelos G. & Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C., 2010. "Investigating the emissions during acceleration of a turbocharged diesel engine operating with bio-diesel or n-butanol diesel fuel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 5173-5184.
    33. Zheng, Zunqing & Xia, Mingtao & Liu, Haifeng & Wang, Xiaofeng & Yao, Mingfa, 2018. "Experimental study on combustion and emissions of dual fuel RCCI mode fueled with biodiesel/n-butanol, biodiesel/2,5-dimethylfuran and biodiesel/ethanol," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 824-838.
    34. Ghadikolaei, Meisam Ahmadi & Cheung, Chun Shun & Yung, Ka-Fu, 2018. "Study of combustion, performance and emissions of diesel engine fueled with diesel/biodiesel/alcohol blends having the same oxygen concentration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 258-269.
    35. Liu, Haifeng & Wang, Xin & Zheng, Zunqing & Gu, Jingbo & Wang, Hu & Yao, Mingfa, 2014. "Experimental and simulation investigation of the combustion characteristics and emissions using n-butanol/biodiesel dual-fuel injection on a diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 741-752.
    36. Nabi, M.N. & Rasul, M.G. & Anwar, M. & Mullins, B.J., 2019. "Energy, exergy, performance, emission and combustion characteristics of diesel engine using new series of non-edible biodiesels," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 647-657.
    37. Zhang, Zhi-Hui & Balasubramanian, Rajasekhar, 2014. "Influence of butanol addition to diesel–biodiesel blend on engine performance and particulate emissions of a stationary diesel engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 530-536.
    38. Chang, Yu-Cheng & Lee, Wen-Jhy & Lin, Sheng-Lun & Wang, Lin-Chi, 2013. "Green energy: Water-containing acetone–butanol–ethanol diesel blends fueled in diesel engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 182-191.
    39. Wei, L. & Cheung, C.S. & Ning, Z., 2018. "Effects of biodiesel-ethanol and biodiesel-butanol blends on the combustion, performance and emissions of a diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 957-970.
    40. Tse, H. & Leung, C.W. & Cheung, C.S., 2015. "Investigation on the combustion characteristics and particulate emissions from a diesel engine fueled with diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 343-350.
    41. Noorollahi, Yaser & Azadbakht, Mohsen & Ghobadian, Barat, 2018. "The effect of different diesterol (diesel–biodiesel–ethanol) blends on small air-cooled diesel engine performance and its exhaust gases," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 196-200.
    42. Rodica Niculescu & Adrian Clenci & Victor Iorga-Siman, 2019. "Review on the Use of Diesel–Biodiesel–Alcohol Blends in Compression Ignition Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-41, March.
    43. Mohankumar, S. & Senthilkumar, P., 2017. "Particulate matter formation and its control methodologies for diesel engine: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 1227-1238.
    44. Lee, Wen-Jhy & Liu, Yi-Cheng & Mwangi, Francis Kimani & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Lin, Sheng-Lun & Fukushima, Yasuhiro & Liao, Chao-Ning & Wang, Lin-Chi, 2011. "Assessment of energy performance and air pollutant emissions in a diesel engine generator fueled with water-containing ethanol–biodiesel–diesel blend of fuels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(9), pages 5591-5599.
    45. Kumar, Satish & Cho, Jae Hyun & Park, Jaedeuk & Moon, Il, 2013. "Advances in diesel–alcohol blends and their effects on the performance and emissions of diesel engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 46-72.
    46. Atmanli, Alpaslan & Ileri, Erol & Yilmaz, Nadir, 2016. "Optimization of diesel–butanol–vegetable oil blend ratios based on engine operating parameters," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 569-580.
    47. He, Bang-Quan, 2016. "Advances in emission characteristics of diesel engines using different biodiesel fuels," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 570-586.
    48. Datta, Ambarish & Mandal, Bijan Kumar, 2017. "Engine performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine operating on different biodiesel-alcohol blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 470-483.
    49. Qian, Yong & Li, Zilong & Yu, Liang & Wang, Xiaole & Lu, Xingcai, 2019. "Review of the state-of-the-art of particulate matter emissions from modern gasoline fueled engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 1269-1298.
    50. Yusri, I.M. & Mamat, R. & Najafi, G. & Razman, A. & Awad, Omar I. & Azmi, W.H. & Ishak, W.F.W. & Shaiful, A.I.M., 2017. "Alcohol based automotive fuels from first four alcohol family in compression and spark ignition engine: A review on engine performance and exhaust emissions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 169-181.
    51. M, Vinod Babu & K, Madhu Murthy & G, Amba Prasad Rao, 2017. "Butanol and pentanol: The promising biofuels for CI engines – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 1068-1088.
    52. Mao, Dongxu & Ghadikolaei, Meisam Ahmadi & Cheung, Chun Shun & Shen, Zhaojie & Cui, Wenzheng & Wong, Pak Kin, 2020. "Influence of alternative fuels on the particulate matter micro and nano-structures, volatility and oxidation reactivity in a compression ignition engine," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    53. Puneet Verma & Svetlana Stevanovic & Ali Zare & Gaurav Dwivedi & Thuy Chu Van & Morgan Davidson & Thomas Rainey & Richard J. Brown & Zoran D. Ristovski, 2019. "An Overview of the Influence of Biodiesel, Alcohols, and Various Oxygenated Additives on the Particulate Matter Emissions from Diesel Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-25, May.
    54. Zhang, Chao & Zhang, Chunhua & Xue, Le & Li, Yangyang, 2017. "Combustion characteristics and operation range of a RCCI combustion engine fueled with direct injection n-heptane and pipe injection n-butanol," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 439-448.
    55. Park, Sangjun & Cho, Jungkeun & Park, Jungsoo & Song, Soonho, 2017. "Numerical study of the performance and NOx emission of a diesel-methanol dual-fuel engine using multi-objective Pareto optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 272-283.
    56. Yadav, Jaykumar & Ramesh, A., 2018. "Injection strategies for reducing smoke and improving the performance of a butanol-diesel common rail dual fuel engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 1-12.
    57. Paul, Abhishek & Panua, Rajsekhar & Debroy, Durbadal, 2017. "An experimental study of combustion, performance, exergy and emission characteristics of a CI engine fueled by Diesel-ethanol-biodiesel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 839-852.
    58. Biresselioglu, Mehmet Efe & Demirbag Kaplan, Melike & Yilmaz, Barbara Katharina, 2018. "Electric mobility in Europe: A comprehensive review of motivators and barriers in decision making processes," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 1-13.
    59. Balamurugan, T. & Nalini, R., 2014. "Experimental investigation on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of four stroke diesel engine using diesel blended with alcohol as fuel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 356-363.
    60. Qian, Yong & Wang, Xiaole & Zhu, Lifeng & Lu, Xingcai, 2015. "Experimental studies on combustion and emissions of RCCI (reactivity controlled compression ignition) with gasoline/n-heptane and ethanol/n-heptane as fuels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 584-594.
    61. Abedin, M.J. & Imran, A. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Shahir, S.A. & Varman, M. & Ruhul, A.M., 2016. "An overview on comparative engine performance and emission characteristics of different techniques involved in diesel engine as dual-fuel engine operation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 306-316.
    62. Zhou, J.H. & Cheung, C.S. & Zhao, W.Z. & Ning, Z. & Leung, C.W., 2015. "Impact of intake hydrogen enrichment on morphology, structure and oxidation reactivity of diesel particulate," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 442-455.
    63. Chauhan, Bhupendra Singh & Kumar, Naveen & Pal, Shyam Sunder & Du Jun, Yong, 2011. "Experimental studies on fumigation of ethanol in a small capacity Diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 1030-1038.
    64. Atmanli, Alpaslan & Ileri, Erol & Yuksel, Bedri & Yilmaz, Nadir, 2015. "Extensive analyses of diesel–vegetable oil–n-butanol ternary blends in a diesel engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 155-162.
    65. Tan, Pi-qiang & Zhong, Yi-mei & Hu, Zhi-yuan & Lou, Di-ming, 2017. "Size distributions, PAHs and inorganic ions of exhaust particles from a heavy duty diesel engine using B20 biodiesel with different exhaust aftertreatments," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 898-906.
    66. Campos-Fernández, Javier & Arnal, Juan M. & Gómez, Jose & Dorado, M. Pilar, 2012. "A comparison of performance of higher alcohols/diesel fuel blends in a diesel engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 267-275.
    67. Shahir, S.A. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Imran, A. & Ashraful, A.M., 2015. "Performance and emission assessment of diesel–biodiesel–ethanol/bioethanol blend as a fuel in diesel engines: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 62-78.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Wojciech Tutak & Arkadiusz Jamrozik & Karol Grab-Rogaliński, 2023. "Evaluation of Combustion Stability and Exhaust Emissions of a Stationary Compression Ignition Engine Powered by Diesel/n-Butanol and RME Biodiesel/n-Butanol Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-29, February.
    2. Yang, Ziming & Fei, Chunguang & Li, Yikai & Wang, Dongfang & Sun, Chenhan, 2023. "Experimental study of the effect of physical and chemical properties of alcohols on the spray combustion characteristics of alcohol-diesel blended fuels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PE).
    3. Meng, Xianglong & Xie, Fangxi & Li, Xiaona & Han, Linghai & Duan, Jiaquan & Gong, Yanfeng & Zhou, You, 2024. "Study on the effects of intake valve timing and lift on the combustion and emission performance of ethanol, N-butanol, and gasoline engine under stoichiometric combustion and lean burn conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
    4. Vargün, Mustafa & Turgut Yılmaz, Ilker & Sayın, Cenk, 2022. "Investigation of performance, combustion and emission characteristics in a diesel engine fueled with methanol/ethanol/nHeptane/diesel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mukhtar, M.N.A. & Hagos, Ftwi Y. & Noor, M.M. & Mamat, Rizalman & Abdullah, A. Adam & Abd Aziz, Abd Rashid, 2019. "Tri-fuel emulsion with secondary atomization attributes for greener diesel engine – A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 490-506.
    2. Yusri, I.M. & Mamat, R. & Najafi, G. & Razman, A. & Awad, Omar I. & Azmi, W.H. & Ishak, W.F.W. & Shaiful, A.I.M., 2017. "Alcohol based automotive fuels from first four alcohol family in compression and spark ignition engine: A review on engine performance and exhaust emissions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 169-181.
    3. Doppalapudi, A.T. & Azad, A.K. & Khan, M.M.K., 2023. "Advanced strategies to reduce harmful nitrogen-oxide emissions from biodiesel fueled engine," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    4. Pachiannan, Tamilselvan & Zhong, Wenjun & Rajkumar, Sundararajan & He, Zhixia & Leng, Xianying & Wang, Qian, 2019. "A literature review of fuel effects on performance and emission characteristics of low-temperature combustion strategies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    5. Ganesha Thippeshnaik & Sajjal Basanna Prakash & Ajith Bintravalli Suresh & Manjunath Patel Gowdru Chandrashekarappa & Olusegun David Samuel & Oguzhan Der & Ali Ercetin, 2023. "Experimental Investigation of Compression Ignition Engine Combustion, Performance, and Emission Characteristics of Ternary Blends with Higher Alcohols (1-Heptanol and n -Octanol)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-25, September.
    6. M, Vinod Babu & K, Madhu Murthy & G, Amba Prasad Rao, 2017. "Butanol and pentanol: The promising biofuels for CI engines – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 1068-1088.
    7. Tamilselvan, P. & Nallusamy, N. & Rajkumar, S., 2017. "A comprehensive review on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuelled diesel engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 1134-1159.
    8. Yesilyurt, Murat Kadir & Eryilmaz, Tanzer & Arslan, Mevlüt, 2018. "A comparative analysis of the engine performance, exhaust emissions and combustion behaviors of a compression ignition engine fuelled with biodiesel/diesel/1-butanol (C4 alcohol) and biodiesel/diesel/," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PB), pages 1332-1351.
    9. Manju Dhakad Tanwar & Felipe Andrade Torres & Ali Mubarak Alqahtani & Pankaj Kumar Tanwar & Yashas Bhand & Omid Doustdar, 2023. "Promising Bioalcohols for Low-Emission Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-22, January.
    10. Vallinayagam, R. & Vedharaj, S. & Yang, W.M. & Roberts, W.L. & Dibble, R.W., 2015. "Feasibility of using less viscous and lower cetane (LVLC) fuels in a diesel engine: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1166-1190.
    11. David Fernández-Rodríguez & Magín Lapuerta & Lizzie German, 2021. "Progress in the Use of Biobutanol Blends in Diesel Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-22, May.
    12. Mao, Dongxu & Ghadikolaei, Meisam Ahmadi & Cheung, Chun Shun & Shen, Zhaojie & Cui, Wenzheng & Wong, Pak Kin, 2020. "Influence of alternative fuels on the particulate matter micro and nano-structures, volatility and oxidation reactivity in a compression ignition engine," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    13. Puneet Verma & Svetlana Stevanovic & Ali Zare & Gaurav Dwivedi & Thuy Chu Van & Morgan Davidson & Thomas Rainey & Richard J. Brown & Zoran D. Ristovski, 2019. "An Overview of the Influence of Biodiesel, Alcohols, and Various Oxygenated Additives on the Particulate Matter Emissions from Diesel Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-25, May.
    14. Nadir Yilmaz & Alpaslan Atmanli & Matthew J. Hall & Francisco M. Vigil, 2022. "Determination of the Optimum Blend Ratio of Diesel, Waste Oil Derived Biodiesel and 1-Pentanol Using the Response Surface Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-16, July.
    15. Rajak, Upendra & Nashine, Prerana & Verma, Tikendra Nath, 2019. "Characteristics of microalgae spirulina biodiesel with the impact of n-butanol addition on a CI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    16. Guirong Wu & Jun Cong Ge & Nag Jung Choi, 2021. "Effect of Ethanol Additives on Combustion and Emissions of a Diesel Engine Fueled by Palm Oil Biodiesel at Idling Speed," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-12, March.
    17. Ghadikolaei, Meisam Ahmadi & Cheung, Chun Shun & Yung, Ka-Fu, 2018. "Study of combustion, performance and emissions of diesel engine fueled with diesel/biodiesel/alcohol blends having the same oxygen concentration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 258-269.
    18. Kumar, T. Sathish & Ashok, B., 2021. "Critical review on combustion phenomena of low carbon alcohols in SI engine with its challenges and future directions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    19. Krishnan, M. Gowthama & Rajkumar, Sundararajan, 2022. "Effects of dual fuel combustion on performance, emission and energy-exergy characteristics of diesel engine fuelled with diesel-isobutanol and biodiesel-isobutanol," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C).
    20. Geng, Peng & Cao, Erming & Tan, Qinming & Wei, Lijiang, 2017. "Effects of alternative fuels on the combustion characteristics and emission products from diesel engines: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 523-534.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:143:y:2021:i:c:s1364032121002628. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.