IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v12y2019i7p1194-d217608.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Review on the Use of Diesel–Biodiesel–Alcohol Blends in Compression Ignition Engines

Author

Listed:
  • Rodica Niculescu

    (Department Automobiles and Transport, University of Pitesti, Str. Târgul din Vale, nr.1, 110040 Pitesti, Argeș, Romania)

  • Adrian Clenci

    (Department Automobiles and Transport, University of Pitesti, Str. Târgul din Vale, nr.1, 110040 Pitesti, Argeș, Romania
    Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Génie des Procédés Chimiques et Energétique (EA7341), Le Cnam Paris, 75003 Paris, France)

  • Victor Iorga-Siman

    (Department Automobiles and Transport, University of Pitesti, Str. Târgul din Vale, nr.1, 110040 Pitesti, Argeș, Romania)

Abstract

The use of alternative fuels contributes to the lowering of the carbon footprint of the internal combustion engine. Biofuels are the most important kinds of alternative fuels. Currently, thanks to the new manufacturing processes of biofuels, there is potential to decrease greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, compared to fossil fuels, on a well-to-wheel basis. Amongst the most prominent alternative fuels to be used in mixtures/blends with fossil fuels in internal combustion (IC) engines are biodiesel, bioethanol, and biomethanol. With this perspective, considerable attention has been given to biodiesel and petroleum diesel fuel blends in compression ignition (CI) engines. Many studies have been conducted to assess the impacts of biodiesel use on engine operation. The addition of alcohols such as methanol and ethanol is also practised in biodiesel–diesel blends, due to their miscibility with the pure biodiesel. Alcohols improve the physico-chemical properties of biodiesel–diesel blends, which lead to improved CI engine operation. This review paper discusses some results of recent studies on biodiesel, bioethanol, and biomethanol production, their physicochemical properties, and also, on the influence of the use of diesel–biodiesel–alcohols blends in CI engines: combustion characteristics, performance, and emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Rodica Niculescu & Adrian Clenci & Victor Iorga-Siman, 2019. "Review on the Use of Diesel–Biodiesel–Alcohol Blends in Compression Ignition Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-41, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:7:p:1194-:d:217608
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/7/1194/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/7/1194/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Aditiya, H.B. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Chong, W.T. & Nur, Hadi & Sebayang, A.H., 2016. "Second generation bioethanol production: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 631-653.
    2. Broatch, A. & Tormos, B. & Olmeda, P. & Novella, R., 2014. "Impact of biodiesel fuel on cold starting of automotive direct injection diesel engines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 653-660.
    3. Saddam H. Al-lwayzy & Talal Yusaf, 2015. "Combustion of Microalgae Oil and Ethanol Blended with Diesel Fuel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(12), pages 1-11, December.
    4. Chang, Yu-Cheng & Lee, Wen-Jhy & Wu, Tser Son & Wu, Chang-Yu & Chen, Shui-Jen, 2014. "Use of water containing acetone–butanol–ethanol for NOx-PM (nitrogen oxide-particulate matter) trade-off in the diesel engine fueled with biodiesel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 678-687.
    5. Yanuandri Putrasari & Ocktaeck Lim, 2019. "A Review of Gasoline Compression Ignition: A Promising Technology Potentially Fueled with Mixtures of Gasoline and Biodiesel to Meet Future Engine Efficiency and Emission Targets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-27, January.
    6. Deborah Bentivoglio & Adele Finco & Mirian Rumenos Piedade Bacchi, 2016. "Interdependencies between Biofuel, Fuel and Food Prices: The Case of the Brazilian Ethanol Market," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-16, June.
    7. Qian Chen & Yanling Jin & Guohua Zhang & Yang Fang & Yao Xiao & Hai Zhao, 2012. "Improving Production of Bioethanol from Duckweed ( Landoltia punctata ) by Pectinase Pretreatment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(8), pages 1-14, August.
    8. Lili Zhao & Xiliang Zhang & Jie Xu & Xunmin Ou & Shiyan Chang & Maorong Wu, 2015. "Techno-Economic Analysis of Bioethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass in China: Dilute-Acid Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Corn Stover," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(5), pages 1-22, May.
    9. Armando Caldeira-Pires & Sandra Maria Da Luz & Silvia Palma-Rojas & Thiago Oliveira Rodrigues & Vanessa Chaves Silverio & Frederico Vilela & Paulo Cesar Barbosa & Ana Maria Alves, 2013. "Sustainability of the Biorefinery Industry for Fuel Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-22, January.
    10. Fengli Zhang & Dana M. Johnson & Jinjiang Wang, 2015. "Life-Cycle Energy and GHG Emissions of Forest Biomass Harvest and Transport for Biofuel Production in Michigan," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-14, April.
    11. Fionnuala Murphy & Ger Devlin & Rory Deverell & Kevin McDonnell, 2013. "Biofuel Production in Ireland—An Approach to 2020 Targets with a Focus on Algal Biomass," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(12), pages 1-22, December.
    12. Hanno Richter & Michael E. Martin & Largus T. Angenent, 2013. "A Two-Stage Continuous Fermentation System for Conversion of Syngas into Ethanol," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(8), pages 1-14, August.
    13. Ghadikolaei, Meisam Ahmadi, 2016. "Effect of alcohol blend and fumigation on regulated and unregulated emissions of IC engines—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 1440-1495.
    14. Pongthep Ariyajaroenwong & Pattana Laopaiboon & Prasit Jaisil & Lakkana Laopaiboon, 2012. "Repeated-Batch Ethanol Production from Sweet Sorghum Juice by Saccharomyces cerevisiae Immobilized on Sweet Sorghum Stalks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(4), pages 1-14, April.
    15. David Pimentel & Alison Marklein & Megan A. Toth & Marissa Karpoff & Gillian S. Paul & Robert McCormack & Joanna Kyriazis & Tim Krueger, 2008. "Biofuel Impacts on World Food Supply: Use of Fossil Fuel, Land and Water Resources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 1(2), pages 1-38, September.
    16. Chi-Yang Yu & Bo-Hong Jiang & Kow-Jen Duan, 2013. "Production of Bioethanol from Carrot Pomace Using the Thermotolerant Yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(3), pages 1-8, March.
    17. Sri Kurniati & Sudjito Soeparman & Sudarminto Setyo Yuwono & Lukman Hakim & Sudirman Syam, 2019. "A Novel Process for Production of Calophyllum Inophyllum Biodiesel with Electromagnetic Induction," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-20, January.
    18. Beatrice, Carlo & Napolitano, Pierpaolo & Guido, Chiara, 2014. "Injection parameter optimization by DoE of a light-duty diesel engine fed by Bio-ethanol/RME/diesel blend," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 373-384.
    19. Connolly, D. & Mathiesen, B.V. & Ridjan, I., 2014. "A comparison between renewable transport fuels that can supplement or replace biofuels in a 100% renewable energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 110-125.
    20. de Castro, Carlos & Carpintero, Óscar & Frechoso, Fernando & Mediavilla, Margarita & de Miguel, Luis J., 2014. "A top-down approach to assess physical and ecological limits of biofuels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 506-512.
    21. Storch, Michael & Koegl, Matthias & Altenhoff, Michael & Will, Stefan & Zigan, Lars, 2016. "Investigation of soot formation of spark-ignited ethanol-blended gasoline sprays with single- and multi-component base fuels," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 278-287.
    22. Franco Cotana & Gianluca Cavalaglio & Anna Laura Pisello & Mattia Gelosia & David Ingles & Enrico Pompili, 2015. "Sustainable Ethanol Production from Common Reed ( Phragmites australis ) through Simultaneuos Saccharification and Fermentation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(9), pages 1-15, September.
    23. Hakan Eggert & Mads Greaker, 2014. "Promoting Second Generation Biofuels: Does the First Generation Pave the Road?," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(7), pages 1-16, July.
    24. Päivi Ylitervo & Carl Johan Franzén & Mohammad J. Taherzadeh, 2013. "Impact of Furfural on Rapid Ethanol Production Using a Membrane Bioreactor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(3), pages 1-14, March.
    25. Jorge A. Ferreira & Patrik R. Lennartsson & Mohammad J. Taherzadeh, 2014. "Production of Ethanol and Biomass from Thin Stillage Using Food-Grade Zygomycetes and Ascomycetes Filamentous Fungi," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(6), pages 1-14, June.
    26. Adrian Clenci & Rodica Niculescu & Amélie Danlos & Victor Iorga-Simăn & Alina Trică, 2016. "Impact of Biodiesel Blends and Di-Ethyl-Ether on the Cold Starting Performance of a Compression Ignition Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-19, April.
    27. Manoj Kandasamy & Ihsan Hamawand & Leslie Bowtell & Saman Seneweera & Sayan Chakrabarty & Talal Yusaf & Zaidoon Shakoor & Sattar Algayyim & Friederike Eberhard, 2017. "Investigation of Ethanol Production Potential from Lignocellulosic Material without Enzymatic Hydrolysis Using the Ultrasound Technique," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-12, January.
    28. Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C. & Rakopoulos, Constantine D. & Giakoumis, Evangelos G. & Papagiannakis, Roussos G. & Kyritsis, Dimitrios C., 2014. "Influence of properties of various common bio-fuels on the combustion and emission characteristics of high-speed DI (direct injection) diesel engine: Vegetable oil, bio-diesel, ethanol, n-butanol, die," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 354-366.
    29. Lorenzo Capecchi & Lorenzo Nissen & Monica Modesto & Giuseppe Di Girolamo & Luciano Cavani & Lorenzo Barbanti, 2017. "Crop Factors Influencing Ethanol Production from Sorghum Juice and Bagasse," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-15, July.
    30. Gianluca Cavalaglio & Mattia Gelosia & Silvia D’Antonio & Andrea Nicolini & Anna Laura Pisello & Marco Barbanera & Franco Cotana, 2016. "Lignocellulosic Ethanol Production from the Recovery of Stranded Driftwood Residues," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-10, August.
    31. Dwivedi, Gaurav & Sharma, M.P., 2014. "Impact of cold flow properties of biodiesel on engine performance," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 650-656.
    32. Alessandra Cesaro & Vincenzo Belgiorno, 2015. "Combined Biogas and Bioethanol Production: Opportunities and Challenges for Industrial Application," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-24, August.
    33. Joanna Berlowska & Katarzyna Pielech-Przybylska & Maria Balcerek & Weronika Cieciura & Sebastian Borowski & Dorota Kregiel, 2017. "Integrated Bioethanol Fermentation/Anaerobic Digestion for Valorization of Sugar Beet Pulp," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-16, August.
    34. Sunan Nuanpeng & Sudarat Thanonkeo & Mamoru Yamada & Pornthap Thanonkeo, 2016. "Ethanol Production from Sweet Sorghum Juice at High Temperatures Using a Newly Isolated Thermotolerant Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae DBKKU Y-53," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-20, March.
    35. Singh, S.P. & Singh, Dipti, 2010. "Biodiesel production through the use of different sources and characterization of oils and their esters as the substitute of diesel: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 200-216, January.
    36. Liu, Haifeng & Wang, Xin & Zheng, Zunqing & Gu, Jingbo & Wang, Hu & Yao, Mingfa, 2014. "Experimental and simulation investigation of the combustion characteristics and emissions using n-butanol/biodiesel dual-fuel injection on a diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 741-752.
    37. Thangavelu, Saravana Kannan & Ahmed, Abu Saleh & Ani, Farid Nasir, 2016. "Review on bioethanol as alternative fuel for spark ignition engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 820-835.
    38. Borja Velazquez-Marti & Sergio Pérez-Pacheco & Juan Gaibor-Chávez & Paola Wilcaso, 2016. "Modeling of Production and Quality of Bioethanol Obtained from Sugarcane Fermentation Using Direct Dissolved Sugars Measurements," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-10, April.
    39. Xun Zhang & Jingying Fu & Gang Lin & Dong Jiang & Xiaoxi Yan, 2017. "Switchgrass-Based Bioethanol Productivity and Potential Environmental Impact from Marginal Lands in China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-15, February.
    40. Alsaleh, Mohd & Abdul-Rahim, A.S., 2018. "Determinants of cost efficiency of bioenergy industry: Evidence from EU28 countries," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 746-762.
    41. Rossana Liguori & Carlos Ricardo Soccol & Luciana Porto de Souza Vandenberghe & Adenise Lorenci Woiciechowski & Vincenza Faraco, 2015. "Second Generation Ethanol Production from Brewers’ Spent Grain," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-12, March.
    42. Jay Sterling Gregg & Simon Bolwig & Teis Hansen & Ola Solér & Sara Ben Amer-Allam & Júlia Pladevall Viladecans & Antje Klitkou & Arne Fevolden, 2017. "Value Chain Structures that Define European Cellulosic Ethanol Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(1), pages 1-17, January.
    43. Obed M. Ali & Talal Yusaf & Rizalman Mamat & Nik R. Abdullah & Abdul Adam Abdullah, 2014. "Influence of Chemical Blends on Palm Oil Methyl Esters’ Cold Flow Properties and Fuel Characteristics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(7), pages 1-17, July.
    44. Karthik Rajendran & Sreevathsava Rajoli & Mohammad J. Taherzadeh, 2016. "Techno-Economic Analysis of Integrating First and Second-Generation Ethanol Production Using Filamentous Fungi: An Industrial Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-13, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Manju Dhakad Tanwar & Felipe Andrade Torres & Ali Mubarak Alqahtani & Pankaj Kumar Tanwar & Yashas Bhand & Omid Doustdar, 2023. "Promising Bioalcohols for Low-Emission Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-22, January.
    2. Adrian Clenci & Rodica Niculescu & Amélie Danlos & Victor Iorga-Simăn & Alina Trică, 2016. "Impact of Biodiesel Blends and Di-Ethyl-Ether on the Cold Starting Performance of a Compression Ignition Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-19, April.
    3. Hagos, Ftwi Y. & Ali, Obed M. & Mamat, Rizalman & Abdullah, Abdul A., 2017. "Effect of emulsification and blending on the oxygenation and substitution of diesel fuel for compression ignition engine," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1281-1294.
    4. Puneet Verma & Svetlana Stevanovic & Ali Zare & Gaurav Dwivedi & Thuy Chu Van & Morgan Davidson & Thomas Rainey & Richard J. Brown & Zoran D. Ristovski, 2019. "An Overview of the Influence of Biodiesel, Alcohols, and Various Oxygenated Additives on the Particulate Matter Emissions from Diesel Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-25, May.
    5. Zhang, Yu & Huang, Ronghua & Huang, Yuhan & Huang, Sheng & Ma, Yinjie & Xu, Shijie & Zhou, Pei, 2018. "Effect of ambient temperature on the puffing characteristics of single butanol-hexadecane droplet," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 430-441.
    6. M, Vinod Babu & K, Madhu Murthy & G, Amba Prasad Rao, 2017. "Butanol and pentanol: The promising biofuels for CI engines – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 1068-1088.
    7. Nicoletta Gronchi & Lorenzo Favaro & Lorenzo Cagnin & Silvia Brojanigo & Valentino Pizzocchero & Marina Basaglia & Sergio Casella, 2019. "Novel Yeast Strains for the Efficient Saccharification and Fermentation of Starchy By-Products to Bioethanol," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-13, February.
    8. Rafał Łukajtis & Piotr Rybarczyk & Karolina Kucharska & Donata Konopacka-Łyskawa & Edyta Słupek & Katarzyna Wychodnik & Marian Kamiński, 2018. "Optimization of Saccharification Conditions of Lignocellulosic Biomass under Alkaline Pre-Treatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-27, April.
    9. Holmatov, B. & Hoekstra, A.Y. & Krol, M.S., 2019. "Land, water and carbon footprints of circular bioenergy production systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 224-235.
    10. Krishnamoorthi, M. & Malayalamurthi, R. & Sakthivel, R., 2019. "Optimization of compression ignition engine fueled with diesel - chaulmoogra oil - diethyl ether blend with engine parameters and exhaust gas recirculation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 579-602.
    11. Verma, Puneet & Sharma, M.P. & Dwivedi, Gaurav, 2016. "Impact of alcohol on biodiesel production and properties," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 319-333.
    12. Marco Bietresato & Carlo Caligiuri & Anna Bolla & Massimiliano Renzi & Fabrizio Mazzetto, 2019. "Proposal of a Predictive Mixed Experimental- Numerical Approach for Assessing the Performance of Farm Tractor Engines Fuelled with Diesel- Biodiesel-Bioethanol Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-45, June.
    13. Ghadikolaei, Meisam Ahmadi & Wong, Pak Kin & Cheung, Chun Shun & Ning, Zhi & Yung, Ka-Fu & Zhao, Jing & Gali, Nirmal Kumar & Berenjestanaki, Alireza Valipour, 2021. "Impact of lower and higher alcohols on the physicochemical properties of particulate matter from diesel engines: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    14. Bilgili, Faik & Kocak, Emrah & Kuskaya, Sevda & Bulut, Umit, 2022. "Co-movements and causalities between ethanol production and corn prices in the USA: New evidence from wavelet transform analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    15. Pachiannan, Tamilselvan & Zhong, Wenjun & Rajkumar, Sundararajan & He, Zhixia & Leng, Xianying & Wang, Qian, 2019. "A literature review of fuel effects on performance and emission characteristics of low-temperature combustion strategies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    16. Huang, Yuhan & Surawski, Nic C. & Zhuang, Yuan & Zhou, John L. & Hong, Guang, 2021. "Dual injection: An effective and efficient technology to use renewable fuels in spark ignition engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    17. Srikanth, H.V. & Venkatesh, J. & Godiganur, Sharanappa & Manne, Bhaskar, 2019. "Acetone and Diethyl ether: Improve cold flow properties of Dairy Washed Milkscum biodiesel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 446-451.
    18. Elfasakhany, Ashraf, 2017. "Investigations on performance and pollutant emissions of spark-ignition engines fueled with n-butanol–, isobutanol–, ethanol–, methanol–, and acetone–gasoline blends: A comparative study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 404-413.
    19. Ong, Victor Zhenquan & Wu, Ta Yeong, 2020. "An application of ultrasonication in lignocellulosic biomass valorisation into bio-energy and bio-based products," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    20. Kumar, T. Sathish & Ashok, B., 2021. "Critical review on combustion phenomena of low carbon alcohols in SI engine with its challenges and future directions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:7:p:1194-:d:217608. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.