IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v191y2020ics0360544219322601.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Liquid cooling with phase change materials for cylindrical Li-ion batteries: An experimental and numerical study

Author

Listed:
  • Cao, Jiahao
  • Luo, Mingyun
  • Fang, Xiaoming
  • Ling, Ziye
  • Zhang, Zhengguo

Abstract

In this study, we design a hybrid thermal management system that combines liquid cooling and phase change materials (PCMs) for a battery pack of 20 Li-ion cylindrical cells. This system integrates a cold plate through which water flows into a PCM matrix composed of expanded graphite/RT44HC composites. The study aims at exploring factors that influence the temperature rise and the temperature uniformity of batteries. Experiments have been conducted to study the effect of water inlet temperature and flowrate, as well as the PCM content in a battery. The results show that the best control strategy would be to limit the water temperature less than 40 °C and as close to the ambient temperature. The high water flowrate reduces Tmax and ΔTplanar slightly but can significantly increase ΔTaxial and power consumption; therefore, a low flowrate is preferred. Composite PCMs with a high mass fraction of RT44HC perform better, especially under high discharge current up to 2.9C. A numerical model has also been proposed for the hybrid thermal management system to visualise temperature distribution and heat transfer routines and for system optimisation.

Suggested Citation

  • Cao, Jiahao & Luo, Mingyun & Fang, Xiaoming & Ling, Ziye & Zhang, Zhengguo, 2020. "Liquid cooling with phase change materials for cylindrical Li-ion batteries: An experimental and numerical study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:191:y:2020:i:c:s0360544219322601
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.116565
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544219322601
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2019.116565?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wang, Xiaoming & Xie, Yongqi & Day, Rodney & Wu, Hongwei & Hu, Zhongliang & Zhu, Jianqin & Wen, Dongsheng, 2018. "Performance analysis of a novel thermal management system with composite phase change material for a lithium-ion battery pack," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 154-168.
    2. Ling, Ziye & Chen, Jiajie & Fang, Xiaoming & Zhang, Zhengguo & Xu, Tao & Gao, Xuenong & Wang, Shuangfeng, 2014. "Experimental and numerical investigation of the application of phase change materials in a simulative power batteries thermal management system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 104-113.
    3. Hussain, Abid & Tso, C.Y. & Chao, Christopher Y.H., 2016. "Experimental investigation of a passive thermal management system for high-powered lithium ion batteries using nickel foam-paraffin composite," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P1), pages 209-218.
    4. Bai, Fanfei & Chen, Mingbiao & Song, Wenji & Yu, Qinghua & Li, Yongliang & Feng, Ziping & Ding, Yulong, 2019. "Investigation of thermal management for lithium-ion pouch battery module based on phase change slurry and mini channel cooling plate," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 561-574.
    5. Wu, Weixiong & Yang, Xiaoqing & Zhang, Guoqing & Ke, Xiufang & Wang, Ziyuan & Situ, Wenfu & Li, Xinxi & Zhang, Jiangyun, 2016. "An experimental study of thermal management system using copper mesh-enhanced composite phase change materials for power battery pack," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 909-916.
    6. Samimi, Fereshteh & Babapoor, Aziz & Azizi, Mohammadmehdi & Karimi, Gholamreza, 2016. "Thermal management analysis of a Li-ion battery cell using phase change material loaded with carbon fibers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 355-371.
    7. Lv, Youfu & Yang, Xiaoqing & Li, Xinxi & Zhang, Guoqing & Wang, Ziyuan & Yang, Chengzhao, 2016. "Experimental study on a novel battery thermal management technology based on low density polyethylene-enhanced composite phase change materials coupled with low fins," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 376-382.
    8. Rao, Zhonghao & Wang, Qingchao & Huang, Congliang, 2016. "Investigation of the thermal performance of phase change material/mini-channel coupled battery thermal management system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 659-669.
    9. Rao, Zhonghao & Wang, Shuangfeng, 2011. "A review of power battery thermal energy management," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(9), pages 4554-4571.
    10. Ling, Ziye & Cao, Jiahao & Zhang, Wenbo & Zhang, Zhengguo & Fang, Xiaoming & Gao, Xuenong, 2018. "Compact liquid cooling strategy with phase change materials for Li-ion batteries optimized using response surface methodology," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 777-788.
    11. Ling, Ziye & Wen, Xiaoyan & Zhang, Zhengguo & Fang, Xiaoming & Gao, Xuenong, 2018. "Thermal management performance of phase change materials with different thermal conductivities for Li-ion battery packs operated at low temperatures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 977-983.
    12. Ling, Ziye & Wang, Fangxian & Fang, Xiaoming & Gao, Xuenong & Zhang, Zhengguo, 2015. "A hybrid thermal management system for lithium ion batteries combining phase change materials with forced-air cooling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 403-409.
    13. Ling, Ziye & Zhang, Zhengguo & Shi, Guoquan & Fang, Xiaoming & Wang, Lei & Gao, Xuenong & Fang, Yutang & Xu, Tao & Wang, Shuangfeng & Liu, Xiaohong, 2014. "Review on thermal management systems using phase change materials for electronic components, Li-ion batteries and photovoltaic modules," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 427-438.
    14. Saw, Lip Huat & Poon, Hiew Mun & Thiam, Hui San & Cai, Zuansi & Chong, Wen Tong & Pambudi, Nugroho Agung & King, Yeong Jin, 2018. "Novel thermal management system using mist cooling for lithium-ion battery packs," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C), pages 146-158.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Weng, Jingwen & Xiao, Changren & Yang, Xiaoqing & Ouyang, Dongxu & Chen, Mingyi & Zhang, Guoqing & Lee Waiming, Eric & Kit Yuen, Richard Kwowk & Wang, Jian, 2022. "An energy-saving battery thermal management strategy coupling tubular phase-change-material with dynamic liquid cooling under different ambient temperatures," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 918-930.
    2. Yang, Chen & Li, Peng & Yu, Jia & Zhao, Li-Da & Kong, Long, 2020. "Approaching energy-dense and cost-effective lithium–sulfur batteries: From materials chemistry and price considerations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).
    3. Nguyen, T.D. & Deng, J. & Robert, B. & Chen, W. & Siegmund, T., 2022. "Experimental investigation on cooling of prismatic battery cells through cell integrated features," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PA).
    4. E, Shengxin & Liu, Yuxian & Cui, Yaxin & Wu, Aojin & Yin, Huichun, 2023. "Effects of composite cooling strategy including phase change material and cooling air on the heat dissipation performance improvement of lithium ion power batteries pack in hot climate and its catastr," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    5. Chongmao Mo & Guoqing Zhang & Xiaoqing Yang & Xihong Wu & Xinxi Li, 2022. "A Battery Thermal Management System Coupling High-Stable Phase Change Material Module with Internal Liquid Cooling," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-15, August.
    6. Bahiraei, Mehdi & Mazaheri, Nima, 2021. "Application of an ecofriendly nanofluid containing graphene nanoplatelets inside a novel spiral liquid block for cooling of electronic processors," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    7. Zhou, Jing & Kanbur, Baris Burak & Le, Duc Van & Tan, Rui & Duan, Fei, 2023. "Multi-criteria assessments of increasing supply air temperature in tropical data center," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 271(C).
    8. Ling, Ziye & Luo, Mingyun & Song, Jiaqi & Zhang, Wenbo & Zhang, Zhengguo & Fang, Xiaoming, 2021. "A fast-heat battery system using the heat released from detonated supercooled phase change materials," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    9. Zhang, Xinghui & Li, Zhao & Luo, Lingai & Fan, Yilin & Du, Zhengyu, 2022. "A review on thermal management of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PA).
    10. Zhang, Jiangyun & Shao, Dan & Jiang, Liqin & Zhang, Guoqing & Wu, Hongwei & Day, Rodney & Jiang, Wenzhao, 2022. "Advanced thermal management system driven by phase change materials for power lithium-ion batteries: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    11. Shen, Zu-Guo & Chen, Shuai & Liu, Xun & Chen, Ben, 2021. "A review on thermal management performance enhancement of phase change materials for vehicle lithium-ion batteries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    12. Moaveni, Arman & Siavashi, Majid & Mousavi, Sepehr, 2024. "Passive and hybrid battery thermal management system by cooling flow control, employing nano-PCM, fins, and metal foam," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    13. Elsewify, O. & Souri, M. & Esfahani, M.N. & Hosseinzadeh, E. & Jabbari, M., 2021. "A new method for internal cooling of a large format lithium-ion battery pouch cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).
    14. Fan, Zhaohui & Gao, Renjing & Liu, Shutian, 2022. "Thermal conductivity enhancement and thermal saturation elimination designs of battery thermal management system for phase change materials based on triply periodic minimal surface," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    15. Liu, Yang & Zheng, Ruowei & Li, Ji, 2022. "High latent heat phase change materials (PCMs) with low melting temperature for thermal management and storage of electronic devices and power batteries: Critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    16. Behi, Hamidreza & Karimi, Danial & Jaguemont, Joris & Gandoman, Foad Heidari & Kalogiannis, Theodoros & Berecibar, Maitane & Van Mierlo, Joeri, 2021. "Novel thermal management methods to improve the performance of the Li-ion batteries in high discharge current applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhang, Jiangyun & Shao, Dan & Jiang, Liqin & Zhang, Guoqing & Wu, Hongwei & Day, Rodney & Jiang, Wenzhao, 2022. "Advanced thermal management system driven by phase change materials for power lithium-ion batteries: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    2. Ling, Ziye & Cao, Jiahao & Zhang, Wenbo & Zhang, Zhengguo & Fang, Xiaoming & Gao, Xuenong, 2018. "Compact liquid cooling strategy with phase change materials for Li-ion batteries optimized using response surface methodology," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 777-788.
    3. Murali, G. & Sravya, G.S.N. & Jaya, J. & Naga Vamsi, V., 2021. "A review on hybrid thermal management of battery packs and it's cooling performance by enhanced PCM," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    4. Liu, Yang & Zheng, Ruowei & Li, Ji, 2022. "High latent heat phase change materials (PCMs) with low melting temperature for thermal management and storage of electronic devices and power batteries: Critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    5. Mohammed, Abubakar Gambo & Elfeky, Karem Elsayed & Wang, Qiuwang, 2022. "Recent advancement and enhanced battery performance using phase change materials based hybrid battery thermal management for electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    6. Rajib Mahamud & Chanwoo Park, 2022. "Theory and Practices of Li-Ion Battery Thermal Management for Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-45, May.
    7. Zichen, Wang & Changqing, Du, 2021. "A comprehensive review on thermal management systems for power lithium-ion batteries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    8. Shen, Zu-Guo & Chen, Shuai & Liu, Xun & Chen, Ben, 2021. "A review on thermal management performance enhancement of phase change materials for vehicle lithium-ion batteries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    9. Situ, Wenfu & Zhang, Guoqing & Li, Xinxi & Yang, Xiaoqing & Wei, Chao & Rao, Mumin & Wang, Ziyuan & Wang, Cong & Wu, Weixiong, 2017. "A thermal management system for rectangular LiFePO4 battery module using novel double copper mesh-enhanced phase change material plates," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 613-623.
    10. Kahwaji, Samer & Johnson, Michel B. & Kheirabadi, Ali C. & Groulx, Dominic & White, Mary Anne, 2018. "A comprehensive study of properties of paraffin phase change materials for solar thermal energy storage and thermal management applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1169-1182.
    11. Fan, Zhaohui & Gao, Renjing & Liu, Shutian, 2022. "Thermal conductivity enhancement and thermal saturation elimination designs of battery thermal management system for phase change materials based on triply periodic minimal surface," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    12. Xingxing Wang & Shengren Liu & Yujie Zhang & Shuaishuai Lv & Hongjun Ni & Yelin Deng & Yinnan Yuan, 2022. "A Review of the Power Battery Thermal Management System with Different Cooling, Heating and Coupling System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-29, March.
    13. Zhao, Yanqi & Zou, Boyang & Zhang, Tongtong & Jiang, Zhu & Ding, Jianning & Ding, Yulong, 2022. "A comprehensive review of composite phase change material based thermal management system for lithium-ion batteries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    14. Ling, Ziye & Lin, Wenzhu & Zhang, Zhengguo & Fang, Xiaoming, 2020. "Computationally efficient thermal network model and its application in optimization of battery thermal management system with phase change materials and long-term performance assessment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    15. Wu, Weixiong & Yang, Xiaoqing & Zhang, Guoqing & Ke, Xiufang & Wang, Ziyuan & Situ, Wenfu & Li, Xinxi & Zhang, Jiangyun, 2016. "An experimental study of thermal management system using copper mesh-enhanced composite phase change materials for power battery pack," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 909-916.
    16. Chen, Kai & Wu, Weixiong & Yuan, Fang & Chen, Lin & Wang, Shuangfeng, 2019. "Cooling efficiency improvement of air-cooled battery thermal management system through designing the flow pattern," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 781-790.
    17. Hong Shi & Mengmeng Cheng & Yi Feng & Chenghui Qiu & Caiyue Song & Nenglin Yuan & Chuanzhi Kang & Kaijie Yang & Jie Yuan & Yonghao Li, 2023. "Thermal Management Techniques for Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Phase Change Materials: A Systematic Review and Prospective Recommendations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-23, January.
    18. Yetik, Ozge & Karakoc, Tahir Hikmet, 2020. "A numerical study on the thermal performance of prismatic li-ion batteries for hibrid electric aircraft," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    19. Kaur, Inderjot & Singh, Prashant, 2023. "Progress in minichannel-based thermal management of lithium-ion batteries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    20. Giorgio Previati & Giampiero Mastinu & Massimiliano Gobbi, 2022. "Thermal Management of Electrified Vehicles—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-29, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:191:y:2020:i:c:s0360544219322601. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.