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Progress in the production and application of n-butanol as a biofuel

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  1. Deng, Banglin & Fu, Jianqin & Zhang, Daming & Yang, Jing & Feng, Renhua & Liu, Jingping & Li, Ke & Liu, Xiaoqiang, 2013. "The heat release analysis of bio-butanol/gasoline blends on a high speed SI (spark ignition) engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 230-241.
  2. Giakoumis, Evangelos G. & Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C. & Rakopoulos, Constantine D., 2016. "Combustion noise radiation during dynamic diesel engine operation including effects of various biofuel blends: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 1099-1113.
  3. Shang, Zhen & Yu, Xiumin & Ren, Lei & Wei, Guowu & Li, Guanting & Li, Decheng & Li, Yinan, 2020. "Comparative study on effects of injection mode on combustion and emission characteristics of a combined injection n-butanol/gasoline SI engine with hydrogen direct injection," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
  4. Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C. & Rakopoulos, Constantine D. & Giakoumis, Evangelos G. & Papagiannakis, Roussos G. & Kyritsis, Dimitrios C., 2014. "Influence of properties of various common bio-fuels on the combustion and emission characteristics of high-speed DI (direct injection) diesel engine: Vegetable oil, bio-diesel, ethanol, n-butanol, die," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 354-366.
  5. Liu, Mao-Bin & He, Bang-Quan & Zhao, Hua, 2015. "Effect of air dilution and effective compression ratio on the combustion characteristics of a HCCI (homogeneous charge compression ignition) engine fuelled with n-butanol," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 296-303.
  6. Atsonios, Konstantinos & Kougioumtzis, Michael-Alexander & D. Panopoulos, Kyriakos & Kakaras, Emmanuel, 2015. "Alternative thermochemical routes for aviation biofuels via alcohols synthesis: Process modeling, techno-economic assessment and comparison," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 346-366.
  7. Zhang, Yu & Huang, Ronghua & Huang, Sheng & Zhou, Pei & Rao, Xiaoxuan & Zhang, Guojun & Qiu, Liang, 2021. "Experimental study on puffing, auto-ignition and combustion characteristics of an n-pentanol-diesel droplet," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
  8. Giakoumis, Evangelos G. & Rakopoulos, Constantine D. & Dimaratos, Athanasios M. & Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C., 2013. "Exhaust emissions with ethanol or n-butanol diesel fuel blends during transient operation: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 17(C), pages 170-190.
  9. Dhamodaran, Gopinath & Esakkimuthu, Ganapathy Sundaram & Pochareddy, Yashwanth Kutti & Sivasubramanian, Harish, 2017. "Investigation of n-butanol as fuel in a four-cylinder MPFI SI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 726-735.
  10. Van Hecke, Wouter & Joossen-Meyvis, Eva & Beckers, Herman & De Wever, Heleen, 2018. "Prospects & potential of biobutanol production integrated with organophilic pervaporation – A techno-economic assessment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 437-449.
  11. Soloiu, Valentin & Moncada, Jose D. & Gaubert, Remi & Knowles, Aliyah & Molina, Gustavo & Ilie, Marcel & Harp, Spencer & Wiley, Justin T., 2018. "Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition combustion and emissions using n-butanol and methyl oleate," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PB), pages 911-924.
  12. Salvi, B.L. & Subramanian, K.A. & Panwar, N.L., 2013. "Alternative fuels for transportation vehicles: A technical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 404-419.
  13. Kim, Tae Young & Lee, Seokhwan & Kang, Kernyong, 2015. "Performance and emission characteristics of a high-compression-ratio diesel engine fueled with wood pyrolysis oil-butanol blended fuels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P2), pages 2241-2250.
  14. Chen, Guisheng & Di, Lei & Zhang, Quanchang & Zheng, Zunqing & Zhang, Wei, 2015. "Effects of 2,5-dimethylfuran fuel properties coupling with EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) on combustion and emission characteristics in common-rail diesel engines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P1), pages 284-293.
  15. Kujawska, Anna & Kujawski, Jan & Bryjak, Marek & Kujawski, Wojciech, 2015. "ABE fermentation products recovery methods—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 648-661.
  16. Zhang, Yu & Huang, Ronghua & Huang, Yuhan & Huang, Sheng & Ma, Yinjie & Xu, Shijie & Zhou, Pei, 2018. "Effect of ambient temperature on the puffing characteristics of single butanol-hexadecane droplet," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 430-441.
  17. Biswal, Abinash & Kale, Rakesh & Balusamy, Saravanan & Banerjee, Raja & Kolhe, Pankaj, 2019. "Lemon peel oil as an alternative fuel for GDI engines: A spray characterization perspective," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 249-263.
  18. Arbab, M.I. & Masjuki, H.H. & Varman, M. & Kalam, M.A. & Imtenan, S. & Sajjad, H., 2013. "Fuel properties, engine performance and emission characteristic of common biodiesels as a renewable and sustainable source of fuel," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 133-147.
  19. Nguyen, Dinh Duc & Moghaddam, Hesam & Pirouzfar, Vahid & Fayyazbakhsh, Ahmad & Su, Chia-Hung, 2021. "Improving the gasoline properties by blending butanol-Al2O3 to optimize the engine performance and reduce air pollution," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
  20. M, Vinod Babu & K, Madhu Murthy & G, Amba Prasad Rao, 2017. "Butanol and pentanol: The promising biofuels for CI engines – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 1068-1088.
  21. Mohsin Raza & Longfei Chen & Felix Leach & Shiting Ding, 2018. "A Review of Particulate Number (PN) Emissions from Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) Engines and Their Control Techniques," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-26, June.
  22. Liu, Yang & Cheng, Xiaobei & Qin, Longjiang & Wang, Xin & Yao, Junjie & Wu, Hui, 2020. "Experimental investigation on soot formation characteristics of n-heptane/butanol isomers blends in laminar diffusion flames," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).
  23. Yu, Yan & Wu, Jie & Ren, Xueyong & Lau, Anthony & Rezaei, Hamid & Takada, Masatsugu & Bi, Xiaotao & Sokhansanj, Shahabbadine, 2022. "Steam explosion of lignocellulosic biomass for multiple advanced bioenergy processes: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
  24. Chen, Guisheng & Shen, Yinggang & Zhang, Quanchang & Yao, Mingfa & Zheng, Zunqing & Liu, Haifeng, 2013. "Experimental study on combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with 2,5-dimethylfuran–diesel, n-butanol–diesel and gasoline–diesel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 333-342.
  25. Mourad, M. & Mahmoud, K., 2019. "Investigation into SI engine performance characteristics and emissions fuelled with ethanol/butanol-gasoline blends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 762-771.
  26. Haifeng Liu & Xichang Wang & Diping Zhang & Fang Dong & Xinlu Liu & Yong Yang & Haozhong Huang & Yang Wang & Qianlong Wang & Zunqing Zheng, 2019. "Investigation on Blending Effects of Gasoline Fuel with N-Butanol, DMF, and Ethanol on the Fuel Consumption and Harmful Emissions in a GDI Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-21, May.
  27. Karavalakis, Georgios & Short, Daniel & Vu, Diep & Russell, Robert L. & Asa-Awuku, Akua & Jung, Heejung & Johnson, Kent C. & Durbin, Thomas D., 2015. "The impact of ethanol and iso-butanol blends on gaseous and particulate emissions from two passenger cars equipped with spray-guided and wall-guided direct injection SI (spark ignition) engines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 168-179.
  28. Cremonez, Paulo André & Feroldi, Michael & de Araújo, Amanda Viana & Negreiros Borges, Maykon & Weiser Meier, Thompson & Feiden, Armin & Gustavo Teleken, Joel, 2015. "Biofuels in Brazilian aviation: Current scenario and prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 1063-1072.
  29. Vallinayagam, R. & Vedharaj, S. & Yang, W.M. & Roberts, W.L. & Dibble, R.W., 2015. "Feasibility of using less viscous and lower cetane (LVLC) fuels in a diesel engine: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1166-1190.
  30. Awad, Omar I. & Ali, Obed M. & Mamat, Rizalman & Abdullah, A.A. & Najafi, G. & Kamarulzaman, M.K. & Yusri, I.M. & Noor, M.M., 2017. "Using fusel oil as a blend in gasoline to improve SI engine efficiencies: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 1232-1242.
  31. Liu, Xinlei & Wang, Hu & Zheng, Zunqing & Liu, Jialin & Reitz, Rolf D. & Yao, Mingfa, 2016. "Development of a combined reduced primary reference fuel-alcohols (methanol/ethanol/propanols/butanols/n-pentanol) mechanism for engine applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 542-558.
  32. David Fernández-Rodríguez & Magín Lapuerta & Lizzie German, 2021. "Progress in the Use of Biobutanol Blends in Diesel Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-22, May.
  33. Karol Tucki & Olga Orynycz & Andrzej Wasiak & Antoni Świć & Remigiusz Mruk & Katarzyna Botwińska, 2020. "Estimation of Carbon Dioxide Emissions from a Diesel Engine Powered by Lignocellulose Derived Fuel for Better Management of Fuel Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-29, January.
  34. Luo, Wei & Zhao, Zhangmin & Pan, Hepeng & Zhao, Lankun & Xu, Chuangao & Yu, Xiaobin, 2018. "Feasibility of butanol production from wheat starch wastewater by Clostridium acetobutylicum," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 240-248.
  35. Carolin Nuortila & Riikka Help & Katriina Sirviö & Helena Suopanki & Sonja Heikkilä & Seppo Niemi, 2020. "Selected Fuel Properties of Alcohol and Rapeseed Oil Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-11, July.
  36. Liu, Kaimin & Fu, Jianqin & Deng, Banglin & Yang, Jing & Tang, Qijun & Liu, Jingping, 2014. "The influences of pressure and temperature on laminar flame propagations of n-butanol, iso-octane and their blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 703-715.
  37. Rakopoulos, Constantine D. & Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C. & Kosmadakis, George M. & Papagiannakis, Roussos G., 2019. "Experimental comparative assessment of butanol or ethanol diesel-fuel extenders impact on combustion features, cyclic irregularity, and regulated emissions balance in heavy-duty diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 1145-1157.
  38. Chen, Zheng & Liu, Jingping & Han, Zhiyu & Du, Biao & Liu, Yun & Lee, Chiafon, 2013. "Study on performance and emissions of a passenger-car diesel engine fueled with butanol–diesel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 638-646.
  39. Merola, Simona Silvia & Tornatore, Cinzia & Irimescu, Adrian & Marchitto, Luca & Valentino, Gerardo, 2016. "Optical diagnostics of early flame development in a DISI (direct injection spark ignition) engine fueled with n-butanol and gasoline," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 50-62.
  40. Irimescu, A. & Marchitto, L. & Merola, S.S. & Tornatore, C. & Valentino, G., 2015. "Combustion process investigations in an optically accessible DISI engine fuelled with n-butanol during part load operation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 363-376.
  41. Zhang, Yu & Huang, Ronghua & Huang, Yuhan & Huang, Sheng & Zhou, Pei & Chen, Xi & Qin, Tian, 2018. "Experimental study on combustion characteristics of an n-butanol-biodiesel droplet," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 490-499.
  42. Ibrahim, Mohamad Faizal & Ramli, Norhayati & Kamal Bahrin, Ezyana & Abd-Aziz, Suraini, 2017. "Cellulosic biobutanol by Clostridia: Challenges and improvements," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 1241-1254.
  43. Wei, L. & Cheung, C.S. & Ning, Z., 2018. "Effects of biodiesel-ethanol and biodiesel-butanol blends on the combustion, performance and emissions of a diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 957-970.
  44. Zhu, Lifeng & Qian, Yong & Wang, Xiaole & Lu, Xingcai, 2015. "Effects of direct injection timing and premixed ratio on combustion and emissions characteristics of RCCI (Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition) with N-heptane/gasoline-like fuels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P1), pages 383-392.
  45. Mack, J. Hunter & Schuler, Daniel & Butt, Ryan H. & Dibble, Robert W., 2016. "Experimental investigation of butanol isomer combustion in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 612-626.
  46. Castro, Yessica A. & Ellis, Joshua T. & Miller, Charles D. & Sims, Ronald C., 2015. "Optimization of wastewater microalgae saccharification using dilute acid hydrolysis for acetone, butanol, and ethanol fermentation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 14-19.
  47. Liu, Haifeng & Li, Shanju & Zheng, Zunqing & Xu, Jia & Yao, Mingfa, 2013. "Effects of n-butanol, 2-butanol, and methyl octynoate addition to diesel fuel on combustion and emissions over a wide range of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 246-256.
  48. Wei, Haiqiao & Feng, Dengquan & Pan, Mingzhang & Pan, JiaYing & Rao, XiaoKang & Gao, Dongzhi, 2016. "Experimental investigation on the knocking combustion characteristics of n-butanol gasoline blends in a DISI engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 346-355.
  49. Gómez-Castro, F.I. & Gutiérrez-Antonio, C. & Romero-Izquierdo, A.G. & May-Vázquez, M.M. & Hernández, S., 2023. "Intensified technologies for the production of triglyceride-based biofuels: Current status and future trends," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
  50. Oumer, A.N. & Hasan, M.M. & Baheta, Aklilu Tesfamichael & Mamat, Rizalman & Abdullah, A.A., 2018. "Bio-based liquid fuels as a source of renewable energy: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 82-98.
  51. Yadav, Jaykumar & Ramesh, A., 2018. "Injection strategies for reducing smoke and improving the performance of a butanol-diesel common rail dual fuel engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 1-12.
  52. Killol, Abhijeet & Reddy, Niklesh & Paruvada, Santosh & Murugan, S., 2019. "Experimental studies of a diesel engine run on biodiesel n-butanol blends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 687-700.
  53. Zhen, Xudong & Tian, Zhi & Wang, Yang & Xu, Meng & Liu, Daming & Li, Xiaoyan, 2022. "Knock analysis of bio-butanol in TISI engine based on chemical reaction kinetics," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PC).
  54. Li, Yuanxu & Ning, Zhi & Lee, Chia-fon F. & Yan, Junhao & Lee, Timothy H., 2019. "Effect of acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE)–gasoline blends on regulated and unregulated emissions in spark-ignition engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 1157-1167.
  55. Bergthorson, Jeffrey M. & Thomson, Murray J., 2015. "A review of the combustion and emissions properties of advanced transportation biofuels and their impact on existing and future engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 1393-1417.
  56. Deng, Banglin & Yang, Jing & Zhang, Daming & Feng, Renhua & Fu, Jianqin & Liu, Jingping & Li, Ke & Liu, Xiaoqiang, 2013. "The challenges and strategies of butanol application in conventional engines: The sensitivity study of ignition and valve timing," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 248-260.
  57. Hegde, Swati & Lodge, Jeffery S. & Trabold, Thomas A., 2018. "Characteristics of food processing wastes and their use in sustainable alcohol production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 510-523.
  58. Feng, Dengquan & Wei, Haiqiao & Pan, Mingzhang & Zhou, Lei & Hua, Jianxiong, 2018. "Combustion performance of dual-injection using n-butanol direct-injection and gasoline port fuel-injection in a SI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 573-581.
  59. Elfasakhany, Ashraf, 2017. "Investigations on performance and pollutant emissions of spark-ignition engines fueled with n-butanol–, isobutanol–, ethanol–, methanol–, and acetone–gasoline blends: A comparative study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 404-413.
  60. Li, Yuqiang & Meng, Lei & Nithyanandan, Karthik & Lee, Timothy H. & Lin, Yilu & Lee, Chia-fon F. & Liao, Shengming, 2017. "Experimental investigation of a spark ignition engine fueled with acetone-butanol-ethanol and gasoline blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 43-54.
  61. Chistyakov, A.V. & Nikolaev, S.A. & Zharova, P.A. & Tsodikov, M.V. & Manenti, F., 2019. "Linear α-alcohols production from supercritical ethanol over Cu/Al2O3 catalyst," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 569-576.
  62. Ibrahim, Mohamad Faizal & Abd-Aziz, Suraini & Yusoff, Mohd. Ezreeza Mohamed & Phang, Lai Yee & Hassan, Mohd Ali, 2015. "Simultaneous enzymatic saccharification and ABE fermentation using pretreated oil palm empty fruit bunch as substrate to produce butanol and hydrogen as biofuel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 447-455.
  63. Zhang, Tankai & Eismark, Jan & Munch, Karin & Denbratt, Ingemar, 2020. "Effects of a wave-shaped piston bowl geometry on the performance of heavy duty Diesel engines fueled with alcohols and biodiesel blends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 512-522.
  64. Kumar, Satish & Cho, Jae Hyun & Park, Jaedeuk & Moon, Il, 2013. "Advances in diesel–alcohol blends and their effects on the performance and emissions of diesel engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 46-72.
  65. Elfasakhany, Ashraf, 2018. "Exhaust emissions and performance of ternary iso-butanol–bio-methanol–gasoline and n-butanol–bio-ethanol–gasoline fuel blends in spark-ignition engines: Assessment and comparison," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 830-844.
  66. Merola, S.S. & Tornatore, C. & Iannuzzi, S.E. & Marchitto, L. & Valentino, G., 2014. "Combustion process investigation in a high speed diesel engine fuelled with n-butanol diesel blend by conventional methods and optical diagnostics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 225-237.
  67. Wu, Han & Nithyanandan, Karthik & Zhang, Jiaxiang & Lin, Yilu & Lee, Timothy H. & Lee, Chia-fon F. & Zhang, Chunhua, 2015. "Impacts of Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol (ABE) ratio on spray and combustion characteristics of ABE–diesel blends," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 367-378.
  68. Atmanli, Alpaslan & Ileri, Erol & Yuksel, Bedri & Yilmaz, Nadir, 2015. "Extensive analyses of diesel–vegetable oil–n-butanol ternary blends in a diesel engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 155-162.
  69. Algayyim, Sattar Jabbar Murad & Wandel, Andrew P. & Yusaf, Talal & Hamawand, Ihsan, 2017. "The impact of n-butanol and iso-butanol as components of butanol-acetone (BA) mixture-diesel blend on spray, combustion characteristics, engine performance and emission in direct injection diesel engi," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P1), pages 1074-1086.
  70. Chiet Choo, Edwin Jia & Cheng, Xinwei & Scribano, Gianfranco & Ng, Hoon Kiat & Gan, Suyin, 2023. "Numerical investigation on the temporal and quasi-steady state soot characteristics of n-dodecane-n-butanol spray combustion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
  71. Sandra Lage & Zivan Gojkovic & Christiane Funk & Francesco G. Gentili, 2018. "Algal Biomass from Wastewater and Flue Gases as a Source of Bioenergy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-30, March.
  72. Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C. & Rakopoulos, Constantine D. & Kyritsis, Dimitrios C., 2016. "Butanol or DEE blends with either straight vegetable oil or biodiesel excluding fossil fuel: Comparative effects on diesel engine combustion attributes, cyclic variability and regulated emissions trad," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P1), pages 314-325.
  73. Rajesh Kumar, B. & Saravanan, S., 2016. "Use of higher alcohol biofuels in diesel engines: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 84-115.
  74. Zhang, Yu & Huang, Ronghua & Chen, Xi & Qin, Tian & Huang, Sheng & Zhou, Pei & Lou, Chun, 2019. "Experimental study on auto-ignition characteristics of a butanol-hexadecane droplet under elevated pressures and temperatures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 654-665.
  75. Liu, Kaimin & Li, Yangtao & Yang, Jing & Deng, Banglin & Feng, Renhua & Huang, Yanjun, 2018. "Comprehensive study of key operating parameters on combustion characteristics of butanol-gasoline blends in a high speed SI engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 13-32.
  76. Wei, Liangjie & Cheung, C.S. & Huang, Zuohua, 2014. "Effect of n-pentanol addition on the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a direct-injection diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 172-180.
  77. Li, Yuqiang & Chen, Yong & Wu, Gang & Liu, Jiangwei, 2018. "Experimental evaluation of water-containing isopropanol-n-butanol-ethanol and gasoline blend as a fuel candidate in spark-ignition engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C), pages 42-52.
  78. Han, Xiaoye & Yang, Zhenyi & Wang, Meiping & Tjong, Jimi & Zheng, Ming, 2017. "Clean combustion of n-butanol as a next generation biofuel for diesel engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 347-359.
  79. Zheng, Zunqing & Xia, Mingtao & Liu, Haifeng & Wang, Xiaofeng & Yao, Mingfa, 2018. "Experimental study on combustion and emissions of dual fuel RCCI mode fueled with biodiesel/n-butanol, biodiesel/2,5-dimethylfuran and biodiesel/ethanol," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 824-838.
  80. Qian, Yong & Chen, Feier & Zhang, Yahui & Tao, Wencao & Han, Dong & Lu, Xingcai, 2019. "Combustion and regulated/unregulated emissions of a direct injection spark ignition engine fueled with C3-C5 alcohol/gasoline surrogate blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 779-791.
  81. Singh, Suraj Bhan & Dhar, Atul & Agarwal, Avinash Kumar, 2015. "Technical feasibility study of butanol–gasoline blends for powering medium-duty transportation spark ignition engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 706-716.
  82. Trindade, Wagner Roberto da Silva & Santos, Rogério Gonçalves dos, 2017. "Review on the characteristics of butanol, its production and use as fuel in internal combustion engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 642-651.
  83. Vargün, Mustafa & Turgut Yılmaz, Ilker & Sayın, Cenk, 2022. "Investigation of performance, combustion and emission characteristics in a diesel engine fueled with methanol/ethanol/nHeptane/diesel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
  84. Li, Yuqiang & Lin, Shoulong & Huang, Long & Liu, Jiangwei, 2024. "A skeletal chemical reaction mechanism for gasoline-ABE blends combustion in internal combustion engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).
  85. Feng, Hongqing & Liu, Daojian & Yang, Xiaoxi & An, Ming & Zhang, Weiwen & Zhang, Xiaodong, 2016. "Availability analysis of using iso-octane/n-butanol blends in spark-ignition engines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(PA), pages 281-294.
  86. Ibrahim, Mohamad Faizal & Kim, Seung Wook & Abd-Aziz, Suraini, 2018. "Advanced bioprocessing strategies for biobutanol production from biomass," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 1192-1204.
  87. Hua, Yang & Qian, Yejian & Meng, Shun, 2023. "PAH laser diagnostics and soot particle dynamics in gasoline co-flow flames doped with n-butanol," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
  88. Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C. & Rakopoulos, Constantine D. & Giakoumis, Evangelos G. & Dimaratos, Athanasios M., 2012. "Characteristics of performance and emissions in high-speed direct injection diesel engine fueled with diethyl ether/diesel fuel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 43(1), pages 214-224.
  89. Eiadtrong, Suppakit & Maliwan, Kittinan & Prateepchaikul, Gumpon & Kattiyawan, Taweesak & Thephsorn, Pongsakorns & Leevijit, Theerayut, 2019. "Preparation, important fuel properties, and comparative use of un-preheated palm fatty acid distillate-diesel blends in a single cylinder diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 1089-1098.
  90. Yuanxu Li & Zhi Ning & Chia-fon F. Lee & Timothy H. Lee & Junhao Yan, 2018. "Performance and Regulated/Unregulated Emission Evaluation of a Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol and Gasoline Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-16, May.
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