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Effects of direct injection timing and premixed ratio on combustion and emissions characteristics of RCCI (Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition) with N-heptane/gasoline-like fuels

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  • Zhu, Lifeng
  • Qian, Yong
  • Wang, Xiaole
  • Lu, Xingcai

Abstract

This paper presents an experimental study on the combustion and emissions characteristics of Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) combustion with n-heptane/gasoline-like fuels are researched on a single-cylinder engine. The effects of injection timing and premixed ratio are investigated. The experimental results indicate that with the advance of the direct injection timing, the ignition delay increases for all three fuels and ethanol has the longest ignition delay. The CO (carbon monoxide) and soot emissions gradually decrease while the NOx emissions increase for the three different fuels. However, HC (hydrocarbon) emissions monotonically decrease with gasoline but initially increase and then decrease with the alcohol fuels. When comparing gasoline and ethanol with the same premixed ratio and direct injection timing, the combustion phase with ethanol as port fuel occurs later than that of gasoline, especially with a higher premixed ratio. Moreover, ethanol has lower NOx and soot emissions than those of gasoline, indicating that ethanol as an alternative fuel can improve emissions in the RCCI combustion mode.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhu, Lifeng & Qian, Yong & Wang, Xiaole & Lu, Xingcai, 2015. "Effects of direct injection timing and premixed ratio on combustion and emissions characteristics of RCCI (Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition) with N-heptane/gasoline-like fuels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P1), pages 383-392.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:93:y:2015:i:p1:p:383-392
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.09.069
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    3. Qian, Yong & Li, Hua & Han, Dong & Ji, Libin & Huang, Zhen & Lu, Xingcai, 2016. "Octane rating effects of direct injection fuels on dual fuel HCCI-DI stratified combustion mode with port injection of n-heptane," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 1003-1016.
    4. Xu, Leilei & Bai, Xue-Song & Li, Changle & Tunestål, Per & Tunér, Martin & Lu, Xingcai, 2019. "Combustion characteristics of gasoline DICI engine in the transition from HCCI to PPC: Experiment and numerical analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 922-937.
    5. Li, Jing & Ling, Xiang & Liu, Deng & Yang, Wenming & Zhou, Dezhi, 2018. "Numerical study on double injection techniques in a gasoline and biodiesel fueled RCCI (reactivity controlled compression ignition) engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 382-392.
    6. Qian, Yong & Yu, Liang & Li, Zilong & Zhang, Yahui & Xu, Leilei & Zhou, Qiyan & Han, Dong & Lu, Xingcai, 2018. "A new methodology for diesel surrogate fuel formulation: Bridging fuel fundamental properties and real engine combustion characteristics," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 424-447.
    7. Pachiannan, Tamilselvan & Zhong, Wenjun & Rajkumar, Sundararajan & He, Zhixia & Leng, Xianying & Wang, Qian, 2019. "A literature review of fuel effects on performance and emission characteristics of low-temperature combustion strategies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    8. Zheng, Zunqing & Xia, Mingtao & Liu, Haifeng & Wang, Xiaofeng & Yao, Mingfa, 2018. "Experimental study on combustion and emissions of dual fuel RCCI mode fueled with biodiesel/n-butanol, biodiesel/2,5-dimethylfuran and biodiesel/ethanol," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 824-838.
    9. Ayat Gharehghani & Alireza Kakoee & Amin Mahmoudzadeh Andwari & Thanos Megaritis & Apostolos Pesyridis, 2021. "Numerical Investigation of an RCCI Engine Fueled with Natural Gas/Dimethyl-Ether in Various Injection Strategies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-25, March.
    10. Han, Weiqiang & Li, Bolun & Pan, Suozhu & Lu, Yao & Li, Xin, 2018. "Combined effect of inlet pressure, total cycle energy, and start of injection on low load reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion and emission characteristics in a multi-cylinder heavy-d," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PB), pages 846-858.
    11. Zhong, Yingzi & Han, Weiqiang & Jin, Chao & Tian, Xiaocong & Liu, Haifeng, 2022. "Study on effects of the hydroxyl group position and carbon chain length on combustion and emission characteristics of Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) engine fueled with low-carbon st," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PC).

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