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Investigation of n-butanol as fuel in a four-cylinder MPFI SI engine

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  • Dhamodaran, Gopinath
  • Esakkimuthu, Ganapathy Sundaram
  • Pochareddy, Yashwanth Kutti
  • Sivasubramanian, Harish

Abstract

Global concern over rising greenhouse gas emission levels and the availability of fossil fuels has led to the development of biofuels, and the use of gasoline formulations with oxygenated compounds has become common practice for improving fuel quality. This empirical study evaluated the effects of oxygenated gasoline fuel blends on air quality. Tests were conducted on a four-stroke, four-cylinder multi-point fuel injection (MPFI) spark ignition (SI) engine using an eddy current dynamometer to investigate the combustion and emissions behaviour of n-butanol blends. Blends comprising n-butanol (N10, N20, and N30) and unleaded gasoline were tested over a rotational speed range of 1400 rpm–2800 rpm under a constant load of 20 Nm. The results obtained indicate that use of n-butanol blends produced lower hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) levels than unleaded gasoline but nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions were found to be higher. When ignition timing was retarded, NOx emissions for all n-butanol blends decreased. The peak in-cylinder pressures and heat release rates for the blends were also found to be higher than for unleaded gasoline (UG). COVIMEP of gasoline was higher than that of n-butanol/gasoline blends.

Suggested Citation

  • Dhamodaran, Gopinath & Esakkimuthu, Ganapathy Sundaram & Pochareddy, Yashwanth Kutti & Sivasubramanian, Harish, 2017. "Investigation of n-butanol as fuel in a four-cylinder MPFI SI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 726-735.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:125:y:2017:i:c:p:726-735
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.02.134
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Roussos G. Papagiannakis & Dimitrios C. Rakopoulos & Constantine D. Rakopoulos, 2017. "Theoretical Study of the Effects of Spark Timing on the Performance and Emissions of a Light-Duty Spark Ignited Engine Running under Either Gasoline or Ethanol or Butanol Fuel Operating Modes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-21, August.
    4. Thomas Pregger & Günter Schiller & Felix Cebulla & Ralph-Uwe Dietrich & Simon Maier & André Thess & Andreas Lischke & Nathalie Monnerie & Christian Sattler & Patrick Le Clercq & Bastian Rauch & Markus, 2019. "Future Fuels—Analyses of the Future Prospects of Renewable Synthetic Fuels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-36, December.
    5. Meng, Xianglong & Xie, Fangxi & Li, Xiaona & Han, Linghai & Duan, Jiaquan & Gong, Yanfeng & Zhou, You, 2024. "Study on the effects of intake valve timing and lift on the combustion and emission performance of ethanol, N-butanol, and gasoline engine under stoichiometric combustion and lean burn conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
    6. Huang, Haozhong & Liu, Qingsheng & Teng, Wenwen & Pan, Mingzhang & Liu, Chang & Wang, Qingxin, 2018. "Improvement of combustion performance and emissions in diesel engines by fueling n-butanol/diesel/PODE3–4 mixtures," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C), pages 38-48.
    7. Pandey, Jayashish Kumar & Kumar, G.N., 2022. "Effects of hydrogen assisted combustion of EBNOL IN SI engines under variable compression ratio and ignition timing," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).

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