IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v158y2018icp830-844.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Exhaust emissions and performance of ternary iso-butanol–bio-methanol–gasoline and n-butanol–bio-ethanol–gasoline fuel blends in spark-ignition engines: Assessment and comparison

Author

Listed:
  • Elfasakhany, Ashraf

Abstract

For the past few years, the energy-intensive renewable fuels are introduced to solve our depleted fossil fuels, power and/or clean air requirements. In view of that, in the current study a couple of new ternary blended fuels in renewable bases is examined, for the first time in the internal combustion engines, as possible alternatives of fossil fuels. Bio-methanol was mixed with iso-butanol and gasoline in one blended fuel (iBM), and bio-ethanol was mixed with n-butanol and gasoline in the other one (nBE) at rates 3–10 vol% biofuels. The two ternary blended fuels were compared with each others as well as with the neat gasoline for the fuel energy efficiencies and pollutant emissions in a gasoline-fueled engine. The fuel energy efficiencies include output torque (Torq), brake power (BP), volumetric efficiency (VE), in-cylinder pressure (ICP) and exhaust gas temperature (EGT), while the pollutant emissions include CO, CO2 and UHC (unburned hydrocarbons). Experimental results indicated that the two tested fuel blends can achieve the goal of more green sustainability, as compared to conventional neat gasoline fuel. The superior engine emissions were presented by iBM fuel blends, which imply 31%, 19% and 32% lower than the CO, CO2 and UHC emissions of neat gasoline. However, there are slight advantages on engine performance at using neat gasoline than the iBM and nBM ternary fuel blends. The study also indicated that the addition of iso-butanol–bio-methanol to gasoline results a higher engine performance than the addition of n-butanol–bio-ethanol to gasoline by about 0.9%, 6.2%, 2.6 and 1.47%, for EGT, ICP, BP and Torq, respectively. The nBE blended fuel showed a small descend in engine performance, compared to neat gasoline, by about 2.4%, 3.4%, 5%, 5.2% and 1.9% for VE, EGT, ICP, BP and Torq, respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Elfasakhany, Ashraf, 2018. "Exhaust emissions and performance of ternary iso-butanol–bio-methanol–gasoline and n-butanol–bio-ethanol–gasoline fuel blends in spark-ignition engines: Assessment and comparison," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 830-844.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:158:y:2018:i:c:p:830-844
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.120
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544218309460
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.120?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tornatore, Cinzia & Marchitto, Luca & Valentino, Gerardo & Esposito Corcione, Felice & Merola, Simona Silvia, 2012. "Optical diagnostics of the combustion process in a PFI SI boosted engine fueled with butanol–gasoline blend," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 277-287.
    2. Irimescu, Adrian, 2012. "Performance and fuel conversion efficiency of a spark ignition engine fueled with iso-butanol," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 477-483.
    3. Deng, Banglin & Yang, Jing & Zhang, Daming & Feng, Renhua & Fu, Jianqin & Liu, Jingping & Li, Ke & Liu, Xiaoqiang, 2013. "The challenges and strategies of butanol application in conventional engines: The sensitivity study of ignition and valve timing," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 248-260.
    4. Elfasakhany, Ashraf, 2017. "Investigations on performance and pollutant emissions of spark-ignition engines fueled with n-butanol–, isobutanol–, ethanol–, methanol–, and acetone–gasoline blends: A comparative study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 404-413.
    5. Jin, Chao & Yao, Mingfa & Liu, Haifeng & Lee, Chia-fon F. & Ji, Jing, 2011. "Progress in the production and application of n-butanol as a biofuel," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(8), pages 4080-4106.
    6. Kumar, Manish & Gayen, Kalyan, 2011. "Developments in biobutanol production: New insights," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(6), pages 1999-2012, June.
    7. Turner, J.W.G. & Pearson, R.J. & Dekker, E. & Iosefa, B. & Johansson, K. & ac Bergström, K., 2013. "Extending the role of alcohols as transport fuels using iso-stoichiometric ternary blends of gasoline, ethanol and methanol," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 72-86.
    8. Ozsezen, Ahmet Necati & Canakci, Mustafa, 2011. "Performance and combustion characteristics of alcohol–gasoline blends at wide-open throttle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 2747-2752.
    9. Chen, Guisheng & Shen, Yinggang & Zhang, Quanchang & Yao, Mingfa & Zheng, Zunqing & Liu, Haifeng, 2013. "Experimental study on combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with 2,5-dimethylfuran–diesel, n-butanol–diesel and gasoline–diesel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 333-342.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Zhen, Xudong & Wang, Yang & Liu, Daming, 2020. "Bio-butanol as a new generation of clean alternative fuel for SI (spark ignition) and CI (compression ignition) engines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 2494-2521.
    2. Muhammad Usman & Muhammad Ali Ijaz Malik & Tariq Nawaz Chaudhary & Fahid Riaz & Sohaib Raza & Muhammad Abubakar & Farrukh Ahmad Malik & Hafiz Muhammad Ahmad & Yasser Fouad & Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas & M, 2023. "Comparative Assessment of Ethanol and Methanol–Ethanol Blends with Gasoline in SI Engine for Sustainable Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-21, May.
    3. Ashraf Elfasakhany, 2020. "Dual and Ternary Biofuel Blends for Desalination Process: Emissions and Heat Recovered Assessment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, December.
    4. Yaman, Hayri & Yesilyurt, Murat Kadir & Uslu, Samet, 2022. "Simultaneous optimization of multiple engine parameters of a 1-heptanol / gasoline fuel blends operated a port-fuel injection spark-ignition engine using response surface methodology approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PC).
    5. Genii Kuznetsov & Vadim Dorokhov & Ksenia Vershinina & Susanna Kerimbekova & Daniil Romanov & Ksenia Kartashova, 2023. "Composite Liquid Biofuels for Power Plants and Engines: Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-20, August.
    6. Nguyen, Dinh Duc & Moghaddam, Hesam & Pirouzfar, Vahid & Fayyazbakhsh, Ahmad & Su, Chia-Hung, 2021. "Improving the gasoline properties by blending butanol-Al2O3 to optimize the engine performance and reduce air pollution," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    7. Tabatabaei, Meisam & Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha, Homa & Aghbashlo, Mortaza & Nizami, Abdul-Sattar, 2020. "Integrated sustainability analysis of combustion engines (ISACE) as an alternative to classical combustion analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    8. Zandie, Mohammad & Ng, Hoon Kiat & Muhamad Said, Mohd Farid & Cheng, Xinwei & Gan, Suyin, 2023. "Performance of a compression ignition engine fuelled with diesel-palm biodiesel-gasoline mixtures: CFD and multi parameter optimisation studies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
    9. Zhen, Xudong & Tian, Zhi & Wang, Yang & Xu, Meng & Liu, Daming & Li, Xiaoyan, 2022. "Knock analysis of bio-butanol in TISI engine based on chemical reaction kinetics," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PC).
    10. Janakiraman, S. & Lakshmanan, T. & Raghu, P., 2021. "Experimental investigative analysis of ternary (diesel + biodiesel + bio-ethanol) fuel blended with metal-doped titanium oxide nanoadditives tested on a diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    11. Kumar, T. Sathish & Ashok, B., 2021. "Critical review on combustion phenomena of low carbon alcohols in SI engine with its challenges and future directions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    12. Ashraf Elfasakhany, 2021. "State of Art of Using Biofuels in Spark Ignition Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-26, February.
    13. Naderi, Alireza & Qasemian, Ali & Shojaeefard, Mohammad Hasan & Samiezadeh, Saman & Younesi, Mostafa & Sohani, Ali & Hoseinzadeh, Siamak, 2021. "A smart load-speed sensitive cooling map to have a high- performance thermal management system in an internal combustion engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Elfasakhany, Ashraf, 2017. "Investigations on performance and pollutant emissions of spark-ignition engines fueled with n-butanol–, isobutanol–, ethanol–, methanol–, and acetone–gasoline blends: A comparative study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 404-413.
    2. Deng, Banglin & Fu, Jianqin & Zhang, Daming & Yang, Jing & Feng, Renhua & Liu, Jingping & Li, Ke & Liu, Xiaoqiang, 2013. "The heat release analysis of bio-butanol/gasoline blends on a high speed SI (spark ignition) engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 230-241.
    3. Liu, Kaimin & Fu, Jianqin & Deng, Banglin & Yang, Jing & Tang, Qijun & Liu, Jingping, 2014. "The influences of pressure and temperature on laminar flame propagations of n-butanol, iso-octane and their blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 703-715.
    4. Liu, Kaimin & Li, Yangtao & Yang, Jing & Deng, Banglin & Feng, Renhua & Huang, Yanjun, 2018. "Comprehensive study of key operating parameters on combustion characteristics of butanol-gasoline blends in a high speed SI engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 13-32.
    5. Han, Xiaoye & Yang, Zhenyi & Wang, Meiping & Tjong, Jimi & Zheng, Ming, 2017. "Clean combustion of n-butanol as a next generation biofuel for diesel engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 347-359.
    6. Dhamodaran, Gopinath & Esakkimuthu, Ganapathy Sundaram & Pochareddy, Yashwanth Kutti & Sivasubramanian, Harish, 2017. "Investigation of n-butanol as fuel in a four-cylinder MPFI SI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 726-735.
    7. Irimescu, Adrian & Vasiu, Gabriel & Tordai, Gavrilă Trif, 2014. "Performance and emissions of a small scale generator powered by a spark ignition engine with adaptive fuel injection control," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 196-206.
    8. Deng, Banglin & Yang, Jing & Zhang, Daming & Feng, Renhua & Fu, Jianqin & Liu, Jingping & Li, Ke & Liu, Xiaoqiang, 2013. "The challenges and strategies of butanol application in conventional engines: The sensitivity study of ignition and valve timing," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 248-260.
    9. Feng, Hongqing & Liu, Daojian & Yang, Xiaoxi & An, Ming & Zhang, Weiwen & Zhang, Xiaodong, 2016. "Availability analysis of using iso-octane/n-butanol blends in spark-ignition engines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(PA), pages 281-294.
    10. Algayyim, Sattar Jabbar Murad & Wandel, Andrew P. & Yusaf, Talal & Hamawand, Ihsan, 2017. "The impact of n-butanol and iso-butanol as components of butanol-acetone (BA) mixture-diesel blend on spray, combustion characteristics, engine performance and emission in direct injection diesel engi," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P1), pages 1074-1086.
    11. Feng, Renhua & Fu, Jianqin & Yang, Jing & Wang, Yi & Li, Yangtao & Deng, Banglin & Liu, Jingping & Zhang, Daming, 2015. "Combustion and emissions study on motorcycle engine fueled with butanol-gasoline blend," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 113-122.
    12. Huang, Haozhong & Zhou, Chengzhong & Liu, Qingsheng & Wang, Qingxin & Wang, Xueqiang, 2016. "An experimental study on the combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine under low temperature combustion of diesel/gasoline/n-butanol blends," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 219-231.
    13. Cremonez, Paulo André & Feroldi, Michael & de Araújo, Amanda Viana & Negreiros Borges, Maykon & Weiser Meier, Thompson & Feiden, Armin & Gustavo Teleken, Joel, 2015. "Biofuels in Brazilian aviation: Current scenario and prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 1063-1072.
    14. Vallinayagam, R. & Vedharaj, S. & Yang, W.M. & Roberts, W.L. & Dibble, R.W., 2015. "Feasibility of using less viscous and lower cetane (LVLC) fuels in a diesel engine: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1166-1190.
    15. Wei, Haiqiao & Feng, Dengquan & Pan, Mingzhang & Pan, JiaYing & Rao, XiaoKang & Gao, Dongzhi, 2016. "Experimental investigation on the knocking combustion characteristics of n-butanol gasoline blends in a DISI engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 346-355.
    16. Merola, Simona Silvia & Tornatore, Cinzia & Irimescu, Adrian & Marchitto, Luca & Valentino, Gerardo, 2016. "Optical diagnostics of early flame development in a DISI (direct injection spark ignition) engine fueled with n-butanol and gasoline," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 50-62.
    17. Ujor, Victor & Bharathidasan, Ashok Kumar & Cornish, Katrina & Ezeji, Thaddeus Chukwuemeka, 2014. "Feasibility of producing butanol from industrial starchy food wastes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 590-598.
    18. Merola, Simona Silvia & Valentino, Gerardo & Tornatore, Cinzia & Marchitto, Luca, 2013. "In-cylinder spectroscopic measurements of knocking combustion in a SI engine fuelled with butanol–gasoline blend," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 150-161.
    19. Rezaei, Javad & Shahbakhti, Mahdi & Bahri, Bahram & Aziz, Azhar Abdul, 2015. "Performance prediction of HCCI engines with oxygenated fuels using artificial neural networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 460-473.
    20. Chen, Zheng & Liu, Jingping & Han, Zhiyu & Du, Biao & Liu, Yun & Lee, Chiafon, 2013. "Study on performance and emissions of a passenger-car diesel engine fueled with butanol–diesel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 638-646.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:158:y:2018:i:c:p:830-844. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.