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Content
1998
1997
- 1997/182 Winner-Loser Reversals in National Stock Market Indices: Can they Be Explained?
by Mr. Anthony J. Richards
- 1997/181 Empirical Determinants of Household Saving: Evidence From OECD Countries
by Mr. Tim Callen & Mr. Christian Thimann
- 1997/180 Evolution of Monetary Policy Instruments in Russia
by Mr. Tomás J. T. Baliño & Mr. Jakob Horder & Mr. David S. Hoelscher
- 1997/179 A Decade of Civil Service Reform in Sub-Saharan Africa
by Mr. Ian Lienert & Jitendra R. Modi
- 1997/178 Some Issues in the Design of Monetary Instruments for the Operation of European Economic and Monetary Union
by Mr. Paul Louis Ceriel Hilbers & Mr. Arto Kovanen & Mr. Charles Enoch
- 1997/177 IMF Estimates of Potential Output: Theory and Practice
by Ms. Paula De Masi
- 1997/176 Is the Exchange Rate a Shock Absorber? the Case of Sweden
by Mr. Alun H. Thomas
- 1997/175 The Capital Structure of Listed Companies in Poland
by Mr. Qaizar Hussain & Eugeniy Nivorozhkin
- 1997/174 Money, Wages and Inflation in Middle-Income Developing Countries
by Pierre-Richard Agénor & Mr. Willy A Hoffmaister
- 1997/173 Vertical Tax Externalities in the Theory of Fiscal Federalism
by Mr. Michael Keen
- 1997/172 International Evidenceon the Determinants of Trade Dynamics
by Mr. Eswar S Prasad & Mr. Jeffery A. Gable
- 1997/171 The Bank of Canada's Monetary Policy Framework: Have Recent Changes Enhanced Central Bank Credibility?
by Takatoshi Ito & Ms. Brenda Gonzalez-Hermosillo
- 1997/170 An Econometric Analysis of the Determinants of Inflation in Turkey
by Ms. Laura Papi & Ms. G. C. Lim
- 1997/169 Investment, Uncertainty, and Irreversibility in Ghana
by Ms. Catherine A Pattillo
- 1997/168 Sharp Reductions in Current Account Deficits: An Empirical Analysis
by Mr. Gian M Milesi-Ferretti & Assaf Razin
- 1997/167 Regional Integration and Baltic Trade and Investment Performance
by Mr. Robert L. Sharer
- 1997/166 Risk Management of Sovereign Assets and Liabilities
by Marcel Cassard & Mr. D. F. I. Folkerts-Landau
- 1997/165 Private Investment and Endogenous Growth: Evidence From Cameroon
by Mr. Dhaneshwar Ghura
- 1997/164 Speculative Attacks, Forward Market Intervention and the Classic Bear Squeeze
by Mr. Subir Lall
- 1997/163 Policy Reform As Collective Action
by Mr. Omotunde E. G. Johnson
- 1997/162 Payment Arrears in the Gas and Electric Power Sectors of the Russian Federation and Ukraine
by Emine Gürgen & Hrant Bagratian
- 1997/161 Lessons From Systemic Bank Restructuring: A Survey of 24 Countries
by Ceyla Pazarbasioglu & Ms. Claudia H Dziobek
- 1997/160 The Real Effects of Monetary Policy in the European Union: What Are the Differences?
by Mr. Ramana Ramaswamy & Mr. Torsten M Sloek
- 1997/159 Are Currency Crises Predictable?
by Mr. Rodrigo O. Valdes & Mr. Ilan Goldfajn
- 1997/158 Prices in the Transition: Ten Stylized Facts
by Ms. Paula De Masi & Mr. Vincent Koen
- 1997/157 Sequencing Capital Account Liberalization: Lessons From the Experiences in Chile, Indonesia, Korea, and Thailand
by Claudia Echeverria & Mr. Salim M. Darbar & Mr. R. B. Johnston
- 1997/156 The CFA Franc Zone and the EMU
by Mr. Michel Galy & Mr. Michael T. Hadjimichael
- 1997/155 Decentralization and Macroeconomic Management
by Mrs. Teresa Ter-Minassian
- 1997/154 Wholesale Payments and Financial Discipline, Efficiency, and Liquidity
by Mr. D. F. I. Folkerts-Landau
- 1997/153 The Efficiency of Government Expenditure: Experiences From Africa
by Ms. Keiko Honjo & Marijn Verhoeven & Mr. Sanjeev Gupta
- 1997/152 How Macroeconomic Factors Affect Income Distribution: The Cross-Country Evidence
by Mr. Michael Sarel
- 1997/151 Towards a System of Multilateral Unit Labor Cost-Based Competitiveness Indicators for Advanced, Developing, and Transition Countries
by Mr. Anthony G. Turner & Mr. Stephen S. Golub
- 1997/150 Cooperation, Emergence of the Economic Agency Role of Government, and Governance
by Mr. Omotunde E. G. Johnson
- 1997/149 Competitiveness in Transition Economies: What Scope for Real Appreciation?
by Ms. Kornelia Krajnyak & Mr. Jeromin Zettelmeyer
- 1997/148 Policy Reform, Adjustment Costs, and Investment: With Activity of Local Investors as a Signal
by Mr. Omotunde E. G. Johnson
- 1997/147 Nominal Income and the Inflation-Growth Divide
by Sheetal K. Chand
- 1997/146 Sources of Debt Accumulation in a Small Open Economy
by Mr. Abdelhak S Senhadji
- 1997/145 Determinants of Inflation in Mozambique
by Mr. Angel J. Ubide
- 1997/144 Liquid Asset Ratios and Financial Sector Reform
by Ms. Anne Marie Gulde
- 1997/143 Aging in the Asian “Tigers”: Challenges for Fiscal Policy
by Mr. Peter S. Heller
- 1997/142 Stylized Facts of Government Finance in the G-7
by Mr. Riccardo Fiorito
- 1997/141 Reform of the Canada Pension Plan: Analytical Considerations
by Mr. Charles Frederick Kramer & Ms. Yutong Li
- 1997/140 Banking Crises in Latin America in the 1990's: Lessons From Argentina, Paraguay, and Venezuela
by Ms. Alicia García-Herrero
- 1997/139 Corruption, Public Investment, and Growth
by Mr. Vito Tanzi & Mr. Hamid R Davoodi
- 1997/138 Transparency and Ambiguity in Central Bank Safety Net Operations
by Mr. Charles Enoch
- 1997/137 Labor Market Institutions and Unemployment Dynamics in Transition Economies
by Mr. Pietro Garibaldi & Ms. Zuzana Brixiova
- 1997/136 Implications for Savings of Aging in the Asian “Tigers”
by Mr. Steven A. Symansky & Mr. Peter S. Heller
- 1997/135 Macroeconomic Cycles in China
by Mr. S. E Oppers
- 1997/134 External Finance and Foreign Debt in Central and Eastern European Countries
by Stefano Manzocchi
- 1997/133 Fiscal Policy and the Predictability of Exchange Rate Collapse
by Ms. Betty C. Daniel
- 1997/132 Time-Series Estimation of Structural Import Demand Equations: A Cross-Country Analysis
by Mr. Abdelhak S Senhadji
- 1997/131 Can Switching Between Inflationary Regimes Explain Fluctuations in Real Interest Rates?
by Mr. M. F. Bleaney
- 1997/130 The Scope for Inflation Targeting in Developing Countries
by Mr. Miguel A Savastano & Mr. Paul R Masson & Mr. Sunil Sharma
- 1997/129 Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations: The Chinese System in Perspective
by Mr. Vivek Arora & Mr. John Norregaard
- 1997/128 Cyclical Fluctuations in Brazil's Real Exchange Rate: The Role of Domestic and External Factors
by Mr. Willy A Hoffmaister & Mr. Carlos I. Medeiros & Pierre-Richard Agénor
- 1997/127 Contagion and Volatility with Imperfect Credit Markets
by Mr. Joshua Aizenman & Pierre-Richard Agénor
- 1997/126 Exchange Rate Volatility, Pricing to Market and Trade Smoothing
by Mr. Hamid Faruqee & Mr. Peter B. Clark
- 1997/125 Globalization and Growth Prospect in Arab Countries
by Ms. Patricia Alonso-Gamo
- 1997/124 Monetary Impact of a Banking Crisis and the Conduct of Monetary Policy
by Ms. Alicia García-Herrero
- 1997/123 Discrepancies Between Quarterly GDP Estimates
by Mr. Adriaan M. Bloem
- 1997/122 Shock Versus Gradualism in Models of Rational Expectations: The Case of Trade Liberalization
by Mr. Leonardo Auernheimer & Ms. Susan M George
- 1997/121 Derivatives Effect on Monetary Policy Transmission
by Coenraad Vrolijk
- 1997/120 Income Distribution and Social Expenditure in Brazil
by Mr. Benedict J. Clements
- 1997/119 Exports, Inflation, and Growth
by Thorvaldur Gylfason
- 1997/118 Policy Complementarities and the Washington Consensus
by Mr. Jahangir Aziz & Mr. Robert F. Westcott
- 1997/117 Determinants of Stock Prices: The Case of Zimbabwe
by T. Oyama
- 1997/116 The Impact of Trade Prices on Employment and Wages in the United States
by Ms. Dalia S Hakura
- 1997/115 Capital Flows to Brazil: The Endogeneity of Capital Controls
by Ms. Eliane A. Cardoso & Mr. Ilan Goldfajn
- 1997/114 The Changing Role of the State in the Economy: A Historical Perspective
by Mr. Vito Tanzi
- 1997/113 The Insurance Role of Social Security: Theory and Lessons for Policy Reform
by Mr. Victor Hugo Valdivia
- 1997/112 Investing U.S. Social Security Trust Fund Assets in Private Securities
by Mr. Michael P. Leidy
- 1997/111 Japan's Restrictive System of Trade and Payments: Operation, Effectiveness, and Liberalization, 1950-1964
by Shinji Takagi
- 1997/110 Saving in Southeast Asia and Latin America Compared: Searching for Policy Lessons
by Mr. Christian Thimann & Mrs. Anuradha Dayal-Gulati
- 1997/109 Estimating the Equilibrium Real Exchange Rate: An Application to Finland
by Mr. Tarhan Feyzioglu
- 1997/108 Explaining and Forecasting the Velocity of Money in Transition Economies, with Special Reference to the Baltics, Russia and other Countries of the Former Soviet Union
by International Monetary Fund
- 1997/107 Tax Effort in Sub-Saharan Africa
by Ms. Janet Gale Stotsky & Ms. Asegedech WoldeMariam
- 1997/106 The Determinants of Banking Crises: Evidence From Developing and Developed Countries
by Asli Demirgüç-Kunt & Ms. Enrica Detragiache
- 1997/105 The Egyptian Stabilization Experience: An Analytical Retrospective
by Mr. Arvind Subramanian
- 1997/104 Potential Output Growth in Emerging Market Countries: The Case of Chile
by Mr. Jorge Roldos
- 1997/103 Japanese Foreign Direct Investment and Regional Trade
by Mr. Gabrielle Lipworth & Mr. Tamim Bayoumi
- 1997/102 On the Speed of Transition in Central and Eastern Europe: Does On-the-Job Search Matter?
by Ms. Zuzana Brixiova
- 1997/101 Fiscal Policy and Growth in the Middle East and North Africa Region
by Ms. Sena Eken
- 1997/100 Controlling Fiscal Corruption
by Sheetal K. Chand & Mr. Karl Ove Moene
- 1997/099 The Design of EMU
by Mr. David K. H. Begg
- 1997/098 Some Evidenceon Exchange Rate Determination in Major Industrial Countries
by Ms. Yan M Sun & Mr. R. B. Johnston
- 1997/097 Growth and Productivity in Asean Countries
by Mr. Michael Sarel
- 1997/096 Public Disclosure and Bank Failures
by Mr. Eduardo Levy Yeyati & Mr. Tito Cordella
- 1997/095 Debt Reduction and New Loans: A Contracting Perspective
by Mr. Aasim M. Husain & Mr. John A. Carlson & Jeffrey A. Zimmerman
- 1997/094 The Role of Fiscal Policy in Sustainable Stabilization: Evidence From Latin America
by Mr. Gerd Schwartz & Mrs. Teresa Ter-Minassian
- 1997/093 Effects of the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) on Taxation and Interest Spending of National Governments
by Mr. Francesco P Mongelli
- 1997/092 Authorities' Roles and Organizational Issues in Systemic Bank Restructuring
by Mr. Peter Nyberg
- 1997/091 Exogenous Shocks, Deposit Runs and Bank Soundness: A Macroeconomic Framework
by Mr. Mario I. Bléjer
- 1997/090 From Suez to Tequila: The IMF As Crisis Manager
by Mr. James M. Boughton
- 1997/089 Institutional Development: Skill Transference Through a Reversal of “Human Capital Flight” or Technical Assistance
by International Monetary Fund
- 1997/088 Do Tax Rates Encourage Entrepreneurial Activity?
by Mr. Roger H. Gordon
- 1997/087 Capital Flows and the Twin Crises: The Role of Liquidity
by Mr. Ilan Goldfajn & Mr. Rodrigo O. Valdes
- 1997/086 Borrowing Risk and the Tequila Effect
by Pierre-Richard Agénor
- 1997/085 Growth, Investment, and Savings in the Arab Economies
by Amer Bisat
- 1997/084 Recovery Ratios and Survival Times for Corporate Bonds
by Ivailo Izvorski
- 1997/083 Do Central Banks Need Capital?
by Mr. Peter Stella
- 1997/082 Macroeconomic Fluctuations in Sub-Saharan Africa
by Mr. Willy A Hoffmaister
- 1997/081 Financial Sector Reforms in Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia: A Preliminary Assessment
by Mr. Abdelali Jbili
- 1997/080 Inflation in Transition Economies: How Much? and Why?
by Mr. Atish R. Ghosh
- 1997/079 Leading Indicators of Currency Crises
by Graciela Laura Kaminsky
- 1997/078 Tax Burden and Migration: A Political Economy Perspective
by Efraim Sadka & Assaf Razin
- 1997/077 Unemployment Persistence and Capital Shortage: The Case of Trinidad and Tobago
by Mr. Benedikt Braumann
- 1997/076 A Model of an Optimum Currency Area
by Mr. Luca A Ricci
- 1997/075 Exchange Rate-Based Stabilization in Western Europe: Greece, Ireland, Italy and Portugal
by Ms. Enrica Detragiache & Mr. A. J Hamann
- 1997/074 How Long is the Long Run? A Dynamic Analysis of the Spanish Business Cycle
by J. Humberto Lopez & Ms. Stefania Fabrizio & Mr. Angel J. Ubide
- 1997/073 Corruption and the Rate of Temptation: Do Low Wages in the Civil Service Cause Corruption?
by International Monetary Fund
- 1997/072 External Borrowing by the Baltics, Russia and Other Countries of the Former Soviet Union: Developments and Policy Issues
by International Monetary Fund
- 1997/071 A Primeron the IMF's Information Notice System
by Mr. Dominique Desruelle & Mr. Alessandro Zanello
- 1997/070 World Commodity Prices as a Forecasting Tool for Retail Prices: Evidence From the United Kingdom
by Mr. John Thornton & Ms. Alicia García-Herrero
- 1997/069 Exchange Rate Regimes and Location
by Mr. Luca A Ricci
- 1997/068 An Analysis of External Debt and Capital Flight in the Severely Indebted Low Income Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa
by Mr. Simeon Inidayo Ajayi
- 1997/067 What Type of Contracts Underlie Aggregate Wage Dynamics?
by Mr. Esteban Jadresic
- 1997/066 Real Exchange Rate Levels, Productivity and Demand Shocks: Evidence from a Panel of 14 Countries
by Ms. Louis Dorrance Johnston & Menzie David Chinn
- 1997/065 Experiences with Monetary Integration and Lessons for Korean Unification
by Goohoon Kwon
- 1997/064 Contrasting Monetary Regimes in Africa
by Mr. Patrick Honohan & Mr. Stephen A. O'Connell
- 1997/063 Does Public Disagreementon Monetary Policy Unsettle the Markets?
by Hossein Samiei & Mr. Timothy D. Lane
- 1997/062 European Monetary Union and International Capital Markets: Structural Implications and Risks
by Mr. Garry J. Schinasi & Mr. Alessandro Prati
- 1997/061 Cointegration and Long-Horizon Forecasting
by Mr. Francis X. Diebold & Mr. Peter F. Christoffersen
- 1997/060 Investment Implications of Selected WTO Agreements and the Proposed Multilateral Agreementon Investment
by Mr. Matthias Vocke
- 1997/059 Social Security Tax Reform and Unemployment: A General Equilibrium Analysis for France
by International Monetary Fund
- 1997/058 Characteristics of the Euro, the Demand for Reserves, and Policy Coordination Under EMU
by Mr. Paul R Masson & Mr. Bart Turtelboom
- 1997/057 The Asymmetric Effects of Monetary Policy on Job Creation and Destruction
by Mr. Pietro Garibaldi
- 1997/056 Explaining Consumption: A Simple Test of Alternative Hypotheses
by Mr. Tamim Bayoumi
- 1997/055 The GATS Agreementon Financial Services: A Modest Start to Multilateral Liberalization
by Ms. Piritta Sorsa
- 1997/054 Determinants of Korean Trade Flows and their Geographical Destination
by Mr. Gian M Milesi-Ferretti & Mr. Lorenzo Giorgianni
- 1997/053 Liberalization and the Behavior of Output During the Transition From Plan to Market
by Mr. Ernesto Hernández-Catá
- 1997/052 Fiscal Aspects of Bank Restructuring
by Mr. James Daniel
- 1997/051 Current Account Imbalances in AsEAN Countries: Are they a Problem?
by Mr. Jonathan David Ostry
- 1997/050 Zaïre’s Hyperinflation, 1990-96
by Mr. Philippe Beaugrand
- 1997/049 The IMF Monetary Model At Forty
by J. J. Polak
- 1997/048 Modeling the World Economic Outlook At the IMF: A Historical Review
by Mr. James M. Boughton
- 1997/047 Intra-Industry Trade of Arab Countries: An Indicator of Potential Competitiveness
by Mr. Peter J Kunzel & Mr. Oleh Havrylyshyn
- 1997/046 The Effect of Expected Effective Corporate Tax Rates on Incremental Financing Decisions
by Mr. Reint Gropp
- 1997/045 The Indonesian Financial System: Its Contribution to Economic Performance, and Key Policy Issues
by Mr. John M Montgomery
- 1997/044 Aspects of the Monetary Transmission Mechanism Under Exchange Rate Targeting: The Case of France
by Mr. Joaquim Vieira Ferreira Levy & Mr. Ioannis Halikias
- 1997/043 The Effect of Globalization on Wages in the Advanced Economies
by Mr. Phillip L Swagel & Mr. Matthew J. Slaughter
- 1997/042 Deindustrialization: Causes and Implications
by Mr. Ramana Ramaswamy & Mr. Bob Rowthorn
- 1997/041 A Provincial View of Economic Integration
by Mr. Michael W Klein & Mr. Tamim Bayoumi
- 1997/040 Bank Concentration and the Supply of Credit in Argentina
by Gustavo Enrique Cañonero
- 1997/039 Foreign Exchange Risk Premium: Does Fiscal Policy Matter? Evidence From Italian Data
by Mr. Lorenzo Giorgianni
- 1997/038 The Effects of Forward-Versus Backward-Looking Wage Indexationon Price Stabilization Programs
by Mr. Joe Crowley
- 1997/037 International Labor Standards and International Trade
by Mr. Stephen S. Golub
- 1997/036 Financial Liberalization and Money Demand in Asean Countries: Implications for Monetary Policy
by Mr. Robert Dekle & Mahmood Pradhan
- 1997/035 Inflation Targeting in Practice
by Guy Debelle
- 1997/034 Monetary Policy and Leading Indicators of Inflation in Sweden
by Josef Baumgartner & Göran Zettergren & Mr. Ramana Ramaswamy
- 1997/033 The Effect of Increasing Government Employment on Growth: Some Evidence from Africa
by Mr. James P. F. Gordon
- 1997/032 Bank Credit in Argentina in the Aftermath of the Mexican Crisis: Supply or Demand Constrained?
by Mr. Luis Catão
- 1997/031 Aspects of Fiscal Performance in Some Transition Economies Under Fund-Supported Programs
by Mr. Willem H. Buiter
- 1997/030 Designing a Tax Administration Reform Strategy: Experiences and Guidelines
by Ms. Katherine Baer & Mr. Carlos Silvani
- 1997/029 International Currencies and Endogenous Enforcement: An Empirical Analysis
by Roohi Prem
- 1997/028 Market Information and Signaling in Central Bank Operations, or, How Often Should a Central Bank Intervene?
by International Monetary Fund
- 1997/027 Recent Export Credit Market Developments
by International Monetary Fund
- 1997/026 Informational Efficiency, Interest Rate Variability, and Central Bank Operations
by International Monetary Fund
- 1997/025 The Tax Treatment of Government Bonds
by Mr. John Norregaard
- 1997/024 Debt Relief for Low-Income Countries and the HIPC Initiative
by Mr. Kamau Thugge & Mr. Anthony R. Boote
- 1997/023 Possible Effects of European Monetary Union on Switzerland: A Case Study of Policy Dilemmas Caused by Low Inflation and the Nominal Interest Rate Floor
by Mr. Douglas Laxton & Mr. Eswar S Prasad
- 1997/022 Broad Money Demand and Monetary Policy in Tunisia
by Mr. Volker Treichel
- 1997/021 What Determines Real Exchange Rates? The Long and Short of it
by Mr. Ronald MacDonald
- 1997/020 Fiscal Policy Management in an Open Capital Regime
by Mr. Peter S. Heller
- 1997/019 Cyclical Effects of the Composition of Government Purchases
by Mr. Jahangir Aziz & Mr. Luc E. Leruth
- 1997/018 The Reform of the Pension System in Italy
by Mr. A. J Hamann