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Job crafting revisited: implications of an extended framework for active changes at work

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  • Bindl, Uta K.
  • Unsworth, Kerrie L.
  • Gibson, Cristina B.
  • Stride, Christopher B.

Abstract

Employees often self-initiate changes to their jobs, a process referred to as job crafting, yet we know little about why and how they initiate such changes. In this paper, we introduce and test an extended framework for job crafting, incorporating individuals' needs and regulatory focus. Our theoretical model posits that individual needs provide employees with the motivation to engage in distinct job-crafting strategies-task, relationship, skill, and cognitive crafting-and that work-related regulatory focus will be associated with promotion- or prevention-oriented forms of these strategies. Across three independent studies and using distinct research designs (Study 1: N = 421 employees; Study 2: N = 144, using experience sampling data; Study 3: N = 388, using a lagged study design), our findings suggest that distinct job-crafting strategies, and their promotion- and prevention-oriented forms, can be meaningfully distinguished and that individual needs (for autonomy, competence, and relatedness) at work differentially shape job-crafting strategies. We also find that promotion- and prevention-oriented forms of job-crafting vary in their relationship with innovative work performance, and we find partial support for work-related regulatory focus strengthening the indirect effect of individual needs on innovative work performance via corresponding forms of job crafting. Our findings suggest that both individual needs and work-related regulatory focus are related to why and how employees will choose to craft their jobs, as well as to the consequences job crafting will have in organizations.

Suggested Citation

  • Bindl, Uta K. & Unsworth, Kerrie L. & Gibson, Cristina B. & Stride, Christopher B., 2019. "Job crafting revisited: implications of an extended framework for active changes at work," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 90175, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    • Handle: RePEc:ehl:lserod:90175
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    File URL: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/90175/
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Gavin Slemp & Dianne Vella-Brodrick, 2014. "Optimising Employee Mental Health: The Relationship Between Intrinsic Need Satisfaction, Job Crafting, and Employee Well-Being," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 15(4), pages 957-977, August.
    4. Laura Huang & Cristina B Gibson & Bradley L Kirkman & Debra L Shapiro, 2017. "When is traditionalism an asset and when is it a liability for team innovation? A two-study empirical examination," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 48(6), pages 693-715, August.
    5. Justin M. Berg & Adam M. Grant & Victoria Johnson, 2010. "When Callings Are Calling: Crafting Work and Leisure in Pursuit of Unanswered Occupational Callings," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 21(5), pages 973-994, October.
    6. Van de Ven, Andrew R., 1986. "Central Problems in the Management of Innovation," Agricultural Research Policy Seminar 139708, University of Minnesota Extension.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Huatian Wang & Peikai Li & Shi Chen, 2020. "The Impact of Social Factors on Job Crafting: A Meta-Analysis and Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-29, October.
    2. Andrew D. Napier & Gavin R. Slemp & Dianne A. Vella-Brodrick, 2024. "Crafting One’s Life and its Relationship with Psychological Needs: A Scoping Review," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 19(4), pages 2063-2101, August.
    3. Sanchez, Juan I. & Bonache, Jaime & Paz-Aparicio, Carmen & Oberty, Celia Zárraga, 2023. "Combining interpretivism and positivism in international business research: The example of the expatriate role," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 58(2).
    4. Pletneva, Lidiia, 2024. "Turning work into a refuge: job crafting as coping with personal, grief-inducing events," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 121371, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    5. Marina Romeo & Montserrat Yepes-Baldó & Kristina Westerberg & Maria Nordin, 2020. "Cognitive job crafting as mediator between behavioral job crafting and quality of care in residential homes for the elderly," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(12), pages 1-14, December.
    6. Bruning, Patrick F. & Hsin-Chen Lin, & Hsu, Ching-Yi, 2022. "Crafting solutions to leadership demands for well-being and effectiveness," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 65(5), pages 603-615.
    7. Aneeq Inam & Jo Ann Ho & Hina Zafar & Unaiza Khan & Adnan Ahmed Sheikh & Usama Najam, 2021. "Fostering Creativity and Work Engagement Through Perceived Organizational Support: The Interactive Role of Stressors," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(3), pages 21582440211, September.
    8. Min-Chien Tsai & Sy-Feng Wang & Nicola J. Gray & Didier Jourdan, 2022. "Occupational Health of Education Personnel—The Role of Job Crafting and Other Control Strategies on Healthy Ageing at Work," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-18, November.
    9. Jarosław Stanisław Kardas, 2023. "Job Crafting Competences and the Levels of Self-Organization, Job Satisfaction and Job Redesign in a Mature Organization," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-23, January.
    10. Rebecca Hewett, 2023. "Dissonance, Reflection and Reframing: Unpacking the Black Box of Motivation Internalization," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 60(2), pages 285-312, March.
    11. Ju Young Lee & Viva Nsair & Boram Do, 2024. "Perceived Calling Enablement: Achieving Positive Work Outcomes Through Unanswered Calling," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 25(5), pages 1-31, June.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    job crafting; regulatory focus theory; individual needs; innovative work performance; proactivity;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J50 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining - - - General

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