IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v213y2020ics0360544220321897.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The critical characteristics and transition process of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway

Author

Listed:
  • Huang, Peifeng
  • Yao, Caixia
  • Mao, Binbin
  • Wang, Qingsong
  • Sun, Jinhua
  • Bai, Zhonghao

Abstract

The issue of thermal runaway (TR) of Li-ion batteries is a topic of serious concern in electric vehicles and energy storage systems. In this paper, the feature of battery TR, including self-accelerating decomposition temperature, voltage variation, temperature rise, and composition transformation, were comprehensively investigated under various states of charge (SOC). Li-ion batteries with five degrees of SOC from 0% to 100% were tested under four levels of oven temperature from 145 to 205 °C. The response to thermal behavior indicates that the ambient condition can be divided into safe, critical, and hazardous regions. The lower limit of the critical region decreases by about 40 °C when the SOC increases from 0% to 100%. During the transition process of TR, cathode material gradually degrades to small particles and finally turns to powdered metallic oxide, and the inorganic compounds on anode surface become uneven. Through heat flow tests and the modified Thomas model, the critical temperatures of TR were predicted at 212 °C, 220 °C, 179 °C, 164 °C and 183 °C for 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% SOC cells, respectively. The predictions are close to the critical regions divided by oven tests.

Suggested Citation

  • Huang, Peifeng & Yao, Caixia & Mao, Binbin & Wang, Qingsong & Sun, Jinhua & Bai, Zhonghao, 2020. "The critical characteristics and transition process of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:213:y:2020:i:c:s0360544220321897
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.119082
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544220321897
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2020.119082?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fu, Yangyang & Lu, Song & Shi, Long & Cheng, Xudong & Zhang, Heping, 2018. "Ignition and combustion characteristics of lithium ion batteries under low atmospheric pressure," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 38-45.
    2. Huang, Zonghou & Zhao, Chunpeng & Li, Huang & Peng, Wen & Zhang, Zheng & Wang, Qingsong, 2020. "Experimental study on thermal runaway and its propagation in the large format lithium ion battery module with two electrical connection modes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    3. Xu, Jun & Wang, Haitao & Shi, Hu & Mei, Xuesong, 2020. "Multi-scale short circuit resistance estimation method for series connected battery strings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).
    4. Feng, Xuning & Lu, Languang & Ouyang, Minggao & Li, Jiangqiu & He, Xiangming, 2016. "A 3D thermal runaway propagation model for a large format lithium ion battery module," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P1), pages 194-208.
    5. Zhu, Xiaoqing & Wang, Zhenpo & Wang, Yituo & Wang, Hsin & Wang, Cong & Tong, Lei & Yi, Mi, 2019. "Overcharge investigation of large format lithium-ion pouch cells with Li(Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2)O2 cathode for electric vehicles: Thermal runaway features and safety management method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 868-880.
    6. Zhao, Rui & Liu, Jie & Gu, Junjie, 2017. "A comprehensive study on Li-ion battery nail penetrations and the possible solutions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 392-401.
    7. Ping, Ping & Wang, Qingsong & Chung, Youngmann & Wen, Jennifer, 2017. "Modelling electro-thermal response of lithium-ion batteries from normal to abuse conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 1327-1344.
    8. Huang, Peifeng & Ping, Ping & Li, Ke & Chen, Haodong & Wang, Qingsong & Wen, Jennifer & Sun, Jinhua, 2016. "Experimental and modeling analysis of thermal runaway propagation over the large format energy storage battery module with Li4Ti5O12 anode," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 659-673.
    9. Kvasha, Andriy & Gutiérrez, César & Osa, Urtzi & de Meatza, Iratxe & Blazquez, J. Alberto & Macicior, Haritz & Urdampilleta, Idoia, 2018. "A comparative study of thermal runaway of commercial lithium ion cells," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 547-557.
    10. Ye, Jiana & Chen, Haodong & Wang, Qingsong & Huang, Peifeng & Sun, Jinhua & Lo, Siuming, 2016. "Thermal behavior and failure mechanism of lithium ion cells during overcharge under adiabatic conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 464-474.
    11. Jhu, Can-Yong & Wang, Yih-Wen & Wen, Chia-Yuan & Shu, Chi-Min, 2012. "Thermal runaway potential of LiCoO2 and Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 batteries determined with adiabatic calorimetry methodology," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 127-131.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Liu, Fen & Wang, Jianfeng & Yang, Na & Wang, Fuqiang & Chen, Yaping & Lu, Dongchen & Liu, Hui & Du, Qian & Ren, Xutong & Shi, Mengyu, 2022. "Experimental study on the alleviation of thermal runaway propagation from an overcharged lithium-ion battery module using different thermal insulation layers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    2. Liu, Yanhui & Zhang, Lei & Ding, Yifei & Huang, Xianjia & Huang, Xinyan, 2024. "Effect of thermal impact on the onset and propagation of thermal runaway over cylindrical Li-ion batteries," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    3. Zhou, Zhizuan & Zhou, Xiaodong & Cao, Bei & Yang, Lizhong & Liew, K.M., 2022. "Investigating the relationship between heating temperature and thermal runaway of prismatic lithium-ion battery with LiFePO4 as cathode," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    4. Zhou, Zhizuan & Li, Maoyu & Zhou, Xiaodong & Li, Lun & Ju, Xiaoyu & Yang, Lizhong, 2024. "Investigating thermal runaway triggering mechanism of the prismatic lithium iron phosphate battery under thermal abuse," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).
    5. Mao, Ning & Zhang, Teng & Wang, Zhirong & Gadkari, Siddharth & Wang, Junling & He, Tengfei & Gao, Tianfeng & Cai, Qiong, 2023. "Revealing the thermal stability and component heat contribution ratio of overcharged lithium-ion batteries during thermal runaway," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PD).
    6. Pan, Yue & Kong, Xiangdong & Yuan, Yuebo & Sun, Yukun & Han, Xuebing & Yang, Hongxin & Zhang, Jianbiao & Liu, Xiaoan & Gao, Panlong & Li, Yihui & Lu, Languang & Ouyang, Minggao, 2023. "Detecting the foreign matter defect in lithium-ion batteries based on battery pilot manufacturing line data analyses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PB).
    7. Zhou, Zhizuan & Li, Maoyu & Zhou, Xiaodong & Ju, Xiaoyu & Yang, Lizhong, 2023. "Investigating thermal runaway characteristics and trigger mechanism of the parallel lithium-ion battery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 349(C).
    8. Li, Yalun & Gao, Xinlei & Feng, Xuning & Ren, Dongsheng & Li, Yan & Hou, Junxian & Wu, Yu & Du, Jiuyu & Lu, Languang & Ouyang, Minggao, 2022. "Battery eruption triggered by plated lithium on an anode during thermal runaway after fast charging," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PB).
    9. Feng Qian & Hewu Wang & Minghai Li & Cheng Li & Hengjie Shen & Juan Wang & Yalun Li & Minggao Ouyang, 2023. "Thermal Runaway Vent Gases from High-Capacity Energy Storage LiFePO 4 Lithium Iron," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-15, April.
    10. Weng, Jingwen & Xiao, Changren & Ouyang, Dongxu & Yang, Xiaoqing & Chen, Mingyi & Zhang, Guoqing & Yuen, Richard Kwok Kit & Wang, Jian, 2022. "Mitigation effects on thermal runaway propagation of structure-enhanced phase change material modules with flame retardant additives," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PC).
    11. Huang, Chu & Zhu, Haixi & Ma, Yinjie & E, Jiaqiang, 2023. "Evaluation of lithium battery immersion thermal management using a novel pentaerythritol ester coolant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    12. Huang, Zonghou & Liu, Jialong & Zhai, Hongju & Wang, Qingsong, 2021. "Experimental investigation on the characteristics of thermal runaway and its propagation of large-format lithium ion batteries under overcharging and overheating conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    13. Liang, Lin & Zhao, Yaohua & Diao, Yanhua & Ren, Ruyang & Jing, Heran, 2021. "Inclined U-shaped flat microheat pipe array configuration for cooling and heating lithium-ion battery modules in electric vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Li, Junqiu & Sun, Danni & Jin, Xin & Shi, Wentong & Sun, Chao, 2019. "Lithium-ion battery overcharging thermal characteristics analysis and an impedance-based electro-thermal coupled model simulation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    2. Wang, Zhi & Wang, Jian, 2020. "Investigation of external heating-induced failure propagation behaviors in large-size cell modules with different phase change materials," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    3. Zhang, Zhendong & Kong, Xiangdong & Zheng, Yuejiu & Zhou, Long & Lai, Xin, 2019. "Real-time diagnosis of micro-short circuit for Li-ion batteries utilizing low-pass filters," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 1013-1024.
    4. Zhu, Xiaoqing & Wang, Zhenpo & Wang, Yituo & Wang, Hsin & Wang, Cong & Tong, Lei & Yi, Mi, 2019. "Overcharge investigation of large format lithium-ion pouch cells with Li(Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2)O2 cathode for electric vehicles: Thermal runaway features and safety management method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 868-880.
    5. Liu, Yanhui & Zhang, Lei & Ding, Yifei & Huang, Xianjia & Huang, Xinyan, 2024. "Effect of thermal impact on the onset and propagation of thermal runaway over cylindrical Li-ion batteries," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    6. Ren, Dongsheng & Liu, Xiang & Feng, Xuning & Lu, Languang & Ouyang, Minggao & Li, Jianqiu & He, Xiangming, 2018. "Model-based thermal runaway prediction of lithium-ion batteries from kinetics analysis of cell components," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 633-644.
    7. Mao, Binbin & Zhao, Chunpeng & Chen, Haodong & Wang, Qingsong & Sun, Jinhua, 2021. "Experimental and modeling analysis of jet flow and fire dynamics of 18650-type lithium-ion battery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    8. Zhou, Zhizuan & Zhou, Xiaodong & Ju, Xiaoyu & Li, Maoyu & Cao, Bei & Yang, Lizhong, 2023. "Experimental study of thermal runaway propagation along horizontal and vertical directions for LiFePO4 electrical energy storage modules," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 13-26.
    9. Chen, Jie & Ren, Dongsheng & Hsu, Hungjen & Wang, Li & He, Xiangming & Zhang, Caiping & Feng, Xuning & Ouyang, Minggao, 2021. "Investigating the thermal runaway features of lithium-ion batteries using a thermal resistance network model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 295(C).
    10. Wang, Gongquan & Kong, Depeng & Ping, Ping & He, Xiaoqin & Lv, Hongpeng & Zhao, Hengle & Hong, Wanru, 2023. "Modeling venting behavior of lithium-ion batteries during thermal runaway propagation by coupling CFD and thermal resistance network," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 334(C).
    11. Huang, Zonghou & Yu, Yin & Duan, Qiangling & Qin, Peng & Sun, Jinhua & Wang, Qingsong, 2022. "Heating position effect on internal thermal runaway propagation in large-format lithium iron phosphate battery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 325(C).
    12. Zhang, Guangxu & Wei, Xuezhe & Tang, Xuan & Zhu, Jiangong & Chen, Siqi & Dai, Haifeng, 2021. "Internal short circuit mechanisms, experimental approaches and detection methods of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    13. Ma, Mina & Wang, Yu & Duan, Qiangling & Wu, Tangqin & Sun, Jinhua & Wang, Qingsong, 2018. "Fault detection of the connection of lithium-ion power batteries in series for electric vehicles based on statistical analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 745-756.
    14. Meng, Lingyu & See, K.W. & Wang, Guofa & Wang, Yunpeng & Zhang, Yong & Zang, Caiyun & Xie, Bin, 2022. "Explosion-proof lithium-ion battery pack – In-depth investigation and experimental study on the design criteria," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    15. Jia, Zhuangzhuang & Huang, Zonghou & Zhai, Hongju & Qin, Pen & Zhang, Yue & Li, Yawen & Wang, Qingsong, 2022. "Experimental investigation on thermal runaway propagation of 18,650 lithium-ion battery modules with two cathode materials at low pressure," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    16. Zhiguo Tang & Anqi Song & Shoucheng Wang & Jianping Cheng & Changfa Tao, 2020. "Numerical Analysis of Heat Transfer Mechanism of Thermal Runaway Propagation for Cylindrical Lithium-ion Cells in Battery Module," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-18, February.
    17. Ren, Dongsheng & Feng, Xuning & Lu, Languang & He, Xiangming & Ouyang, Minggao, 2019. "Overcharge behaviors and failure mechanism of lithium-ion batteries under different test conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C), pages 323-332.
    18. Huang, Zonghou & Zhao, Chunpeng & Li, Huang & Peng, Wen & Zhang, Zheng & Wang, Qingsong, 2020. "Experimental study on thermal runaway and its propagation in the large format lithium ion battery module with two electrical connection modes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    19. Jiang, Z.Y. & Qu, Z.G. & Zhang, J.F. & Rao, Z.H., 2020. "Rapid prediction method for thermal runaway propagation in battery pack based on lumped thermal resistance network and electric circuit analogy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    20. Mao, Ning & Zhang, Teng & Wang, Zhirong & Gadkari, Siddharth & Wang, Junling & He, Tengfei & Gao, Tianfeng & Cai, Qiong, 2023. "Revealing the thermal stability and component heat contribution ratio of overcharged lithium-ion batteries during thermal runaway," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PD).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:213:y:2020:i:c:s0360544220321897. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.