IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v169y2019icp868-880.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Overcharge investigation of large format lithium-ion pouch cells with Li(Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2)O2 cathode for electric vehicles: Thermal runaway features and safety management method

Author

Listed:
  • Zhu, Xiaoqing
  • Wang, Zhenpo
  • Wang, Yituo
  • Wang, Hsin
  • Wang, Cong
  • Tong, Lei
  • Yi, Mi

Abstract

In this paper, the overcharge-induced thermal runaway features of large format commercial lithium-ion batteries with Li(Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2)O2 (NCM622) cathode for electric vehicles under different current rates (C-rates) have been systematically studied at ambient temperature. The overcharge process is characterized as four stages. The temperature rise and the maximum temperature of the battery surface don't increase in proportion to the applied C-rates. However, with the increase of C-rates, the crest voltage of voltage curve rises linearly. When the voltage reaches approximately 5.1 V, a new voltage plateau appears in the cases below 2C. It is not sufficient that the temperature sensor is placed only near the terminal tab for most battery packs of EVs. In addition, the accumulated heat analysis demonstrates that side reactions dominate the temperature rise and contribute to most of the accumulated heat before thermal runaway. To mitigate the impact of overcharge and avoid the thermal runaway risk, a safety management method is proposed. Furthermore, the sharp drop in voltage before thermal runaway also provides a feasible approach to forewarn the users of the impending risk. These results are important for building safer batteries and providing information for the safety monitoring function of the battery management system (BMS).

Suggested Citation

  • Zhu, Xiaoqing & Wang, Zhenpo & Wang, Yituo & Wang, Hsin & Wang, Cong & Tong, Lei & Yi, Mi, 2019. "Overcharge investigation of large format lithium-ion pouch cells with Li(Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2)O2 cathode for electric vehicles: Thermal runaway features and safety management method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 868-880.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:169:y:2019:i:c:p:868-880
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.12.041
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544218324071
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2018.12.041?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wang, Xiaoming & Xie, Yongqi & Day, Rodney & Wu, Hongwei & Hu, Zhongliang & Zhu, Jianqin & Wen, Dongsheng, 2018. "Performance analysis of a novel thermal management system with composite phase change material for a lithium-ion battery pack," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 154-168.
    2. Feng, Xuning & Lu, Languang & Ouyang, Minggao & Li, Jiangqiu & He, Xiangming, 2016. "A 3D thermal runaway propagation model for a large format lithium ion battery module," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P1), pages 194-208.
    3. Fu, Yangyang & Lu, Song & Shi, Long & Cheng, Xudong & Zhang, Heping, 2018. "Ignition and combustion characteristics of lithium ion batteries under low atmospheric pressure," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 38-45.
    4. M. Armand & J.-M. Tarascon, 2008. "Building better batteries," Nature, Nature, vol. 451(7179), pages 652-657, February.
    5. J.-M. Tarascon & M. Armand, 2001. "Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries," Nature, Nature, vol. 414(6861), pages 359-367, November.
    6. Ghorbanzadeh, Milad & Astaneh, Majid & Golzar, Farzin, 2019. "Long-term degradation based analysis for lithium-ion batteries in off-grid wind-battery renewable energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 1194-1206.
    7. Berrueta, Alberto & Urtasun, Andoni & Ursúa, Alfredo & Sanchis, Pablo, 2018. "A comprehensive model for lithium-ion batteries: From the physical principles to an electrical model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 286-300.
    8. Wang, Yujie & Chen, Zonghai & Zhang, Chenbin, 2017. "On-line remaining energy prediction: A case study in embedded battery management system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 688-695.
    9. Miranda, D. & Costa, C.M. & Almeida, A.M. & Lanceros-Méndez, S., 2018. "Computer simulation of the influence of thermal conditions on the performance of conventional and unconventional lithium-ion battery geometries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 262-278.
    10. Ren, Dongsheng & Liu, Xiang & Feng, Xuning & Lu, Languang & Ouyang, Minggao & Li, Jianqiu & He, Xiangming, 2018. "Model-based thermal runaway prediction of lithium-ion batteries from kinetics analysis of cell components," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 633-644.
    11. Ye, Jiana & Chen, Haodong & Wang, Qingsong & Huang, Peifeng & Sun, Jinhua & Lo, Siuming, 2016. "Thermal behavior and failure mechanism of lithium ion cells during overcharge under adiabatic conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 464-474.
    12. Ma, Mina & Wang, Yu & Duan, Qiangling & Wu, Tangqin & Sun, Jinhua & Wang, Qingsong, 2018. "Fault detection of the connection of lithium-ion power batteries in series for electric vehicles based on statistical analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 745-756.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yulu Han & Yongmin Zhao & Anjie Ming & Yanyan Fang & Sheng Fang & Shansong Bi & Jiezhi Chen & Ran Xu & Feng Wei & Changhui Mao, 2023. "Application of an NDIR Sensor System Developed for Early Thermal Runaway Warning of Automotive Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-13, April.
    2. Charles Mohamed Hamisi & Pius Victor Chombo & Yossapong Laoonual & Somchai Wongwises, 2022. "An Electrothermal Model to Predict Thermal Characteristics of Lithium-Ion Battery under Overcharge Condition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-16, March.
    3. Sun, Zhenyu & Han, Yang & Wang, Zhenpo & Chen, Yong & Liu, Peng & Qin, Zian & Zhang, Zhaosheng & Wu, Zhiqiang & Song, Chunbao, 2022. "Detection of voltage fault in the battery system of electric vehicles using statistical analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    4. Liu, Fen & Wang, Jianfeng & Yang, Na & Wang, Fuqiang & Chen, Yaping & Lu, Dongchen & Liu, Hui & Du, Qian & Ren, Xutong & Shi, Mengyu, 2022. "Experimental study on the alleviation of thermal runaway propagation from an overcharged lithium-ion battery module using different thermal insulation layers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    5. Hu, Jian & Tang, Xiaojie & Zhu, Xiaolong & Liu, Tong & Wang, Xishi, 2024. "Suppression of thermal runaway induced by thermal abuse in large-capacity lithium-ion batteries with water mist," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).
    6. Li, Junqiu & Sun, Danni & Jin, Xin & Shi, Wentong & Sun, Chao, 2019. "Lithium-ion battery overcharging thermal characteristics analysis and an impedance-based electro-thermal coupled model simulation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    7. Liu, Yanhui & Zhang, Lei & Ding, Yifei & Huang, Xianjia & Huang, Xinyan, 2024. "Effect of thermal impact on the onset and propagation of thermal runaway over cylindrical Li-ion batteries," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    8. Zhou, Zhizuan & Zhou, Xiaodong & Cao, Bei & Yang, Lizhong & Liew, K.M., 2022. "Investigating the relationship between heating temperature and thermal runaway of prismatic lithium-ion battery with LiFePO4 as cathode," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    9. Jie, Deng & Baohui, Chen & Jiazheng, Lu & Tiannian, Zhou & Chuanping, Wu, 2024. "Thermal runaway and combustion characteristics, risk and hazard evaluation of lithium‑iron phosphate battery under different thermal runaway triggering modes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 368(C).
    10. Anwei Zhang & You Zhou & Chengyun Wang & Shoutong Liu & Peifeng Huang & Hao Yan & Zhonghao Bai, 2023. "Probing Fault Features of Lithium-Ion Battery Modules under Mechanical Deformation Loading," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-13, August.
    11. Zhang, Lei & Huang, Lvwei & Zhang, Zhaosheng & Wang, Zhenpo & Dorrell, David D., 2022. "Degradation characteristics investigation for lithium-ion cells with NCA cathode during overcharging," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 327(C).
    12. Wang, Huaibin & Wang, Shuyu & Feng, Xuning & Zhang, Xuan & Dai, Kangwei & Sheng, Jun & Zhao, Zhenyang & Du, Zhiming & Zhang, Zelin & Shen, Kai & Xu, Chengshan & Wang, Qinzheng & Sun, Xiaoyu & Li, Yanl, 2021. "An experimental study on the thermal characteristics of the Cell-To-Pack system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    13. Jordan, S.M. & Schreiber, C.O. & Parhizi, M. & Shah, K., 2024. "A new multiphysics modeling framework to simulate coupled electrochemical-thermal-electrical phenomena in Li-ion battery packs," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 360(C).
    14. Huang, Peifeng & Zeng, Ganghui & He, Yanyun & Liu, Shoutong & Li, Eric & Bai, Zhonghao, 2023. "Damage evolution mechanism and early warning using long short-term memory networks for battery slight overcharge cycles," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    15. Chen, Mingyi & Yu, Yue & Ouyang, Dongxu & Weng, Jingwen & Zhao, Luyao & Wang, Jian & Chen, Yin, 2024. "Research progress of enhancing battery safety with phase change materials," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PA).
    16. Wang, Cong-jie & Zhu, Yan-li & Gao, Fei & Bu, Xin-ya & Chen, Heng-shuai & Quan, Ting & Xu, Yi-bo & Jiao, Qing-jie, 2022. "Internal short circuit and thermal runaway evolution mechanism of fresh and retired lithium-ion batteries with LiFePO4 cathode during overcharge," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 328(C).
    17. Bosong Zou & Lisheng Zhang & Xiaoqing Xue & Rui Tan & Pengchang Jiang & Bin Ma & Zehua Song & Wei Hua, 2023. "A Review on the Fault and Defect Diagnosis of Lithium-Ion Battery for Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-19, July.
    18. Huang, Peifeng & Yao, Caixia & Mao, Binbin & Wang, Qingsong & Sun, Jinhua & Bai, Zhonghao, 2020. "The critical characteristics and transition process of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    19. Huang, Zonghou & Liu, Jialong & Zhai, Hongju & Wang, Qingsong, 2021. "Experimental investigation on the characteristics of thermal runaway and its propagation of large-format lithium ion batteries under overcharging and overheating conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    20. Hong, Jichao & Wang, Zhenpo & Qu, Changhui & Zhou, Yangjie & Shan, Tongxin & Zhang, Jinghan & Hou, Yankai, 2022. "Investigation on overcharge-caused thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries in real-world electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    21. Li, Xiaoyu & Zhang, Zuguang & Wang, Wenhui & Tian, Yong & Li, Dong & Tian, Jindong, 2020. "Multiphysical field measurement and fusion for battery electric-thermal-contour performance analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ma, Mina & Wang, Yu & Duan, Qiangling & Wu, Tangqin & Sun, Jinhua & Wang, Qingsong, 2018. "Fault detection of the connection of lithium-ion power batteries in series for electric vehicles based on statistical analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 745-756.
    2. Zhang, Zhendong & Kong, Xiangdong & Zheng, Yuejiu & Zhou, Long & Lai, Xin, 2019. "Real-time diagnosis of micro-short circuit for Li-ion batteries utilizing low-pass filters," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 1013-1024.
    3. Mohammadmahdi Ghiji & Vasily Novozhilov & Khalid Moinuddin & Paul Joseph & Ian Burch & Brigitta Suendermann & Grant Gamble, 2020. "A Review of Lithium-Ion Battery Fire Suppression," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-30, October.
    4. Li, Junqiu & Sun, Danni & Jin, Xin & Shi, Wentong & Sun, Chao, 2019. "Lithium-ion battery overcharging thermal characteristics analysis and an impedance-based electro-thermal coupled model simulation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    5. Mao, Binbin & Zhao, Chunpeng & Chen, Haodong & Wang, Qingsong & Sun, Jinhua, 2021. "Experimental and modeling analysis of jet flow and fire dynamics of 18650-type lithium-ion battery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    6. Huang, Peifeng & Yao, Caixia & Mao, Binbin & Wang, Qingsong & Sun, Jinhua & Bai, Zhonghao, 2020. "The critical characteristics and transition process of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    7. Ostanek, Jason K. & Li, Weisi & Mukherjee, Partha P. & Crompton, K.R. & Hacker, Christopher, 2020. "Simulating onset and evolution of thermal runaway in Li-ion cells using a coupled thermal and venting model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    8. Ziheng Zhang & Maxim Avdeev & Huaican Chen & Wen Yin & Wang Hay Kan & Guang He, 2022. "Lithiated Prussian blue analogues as positive electrode active materials for stable non-aqueous lithium-ion batteries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-13, December.
    9. Zhi Chang & Huijun Yang & Xingyu Zhu & Ping He & Haoshen Zhou, 2022. "A stable quasi-solid electrolyte improves the safe operation of highly efficient lithium-metal pouch cells in harsh environments," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    10. Jack E. N. Swallow & Michael W. Fraser & Nis-Julian H. Kneusels & Jodie F. Charlton & Christopher G. Sole & Conor M. E. Phelan & Erik Björklund & Peter Bencok & Carlos Escudero & Virginia Pérez-Dieste, 2022. "Revealing solid electrolyte interphase formation through interface-sensitive Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-14, December.
    11. Zhang, Yue & Song, Laifeng & Tian, Jiamin & Mei, Wenxin & Jiang, Lihua & Sun, Jinhua & Wang, Qingsong, 2024. "Modeling the propagation of internal thermal runaway in lithium-ion battery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 362(C).
    12. Chao Wang & Ming Liu & Michel Thijs & Frans G. B. Ooms & Swapna Ganapathy & Marnix Wagemaker, 2021. "High dielectric barium titanate porous scaffold for efficient Li metal cycling in anode-free cells," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, December.
    13. Ma, Mina & Li, Xiaoyu & Gao, Wei & Sun, Jinhua & Wang, Qingsong & Mi, Chris, 2022. "Multi-fault diagnosis for series-connected lithium-ion battery pack with reconstruction-based contribution based on parallel PCA-KPCA," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 324(C).
    14. Chuanwei Zhang & Zhan Xia & Huaibin Gao & Jianping Wen & Shangrui Chen & Meng Dang & Sujing Gu & Jianing Zhang, 2020. "A Coolant Circulation Cooling System Combining Aluminum Plates and Copper Rods for Li-Ion Battery Pack," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-14, August.
    15. Huang, Zonghou & Yu, Yin & Duan, Qiangling & Qin, Peng & Sun, Jinhua & Wang, Qingsong, 2022. "Heating position effect on internal thermal runaway propagation in large-format lithium iron phosphate battery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 325(C).
    16. Zhang, Guangxu & Wei, Xuezhe & Tang, Xuan & Zhu, Jiangong & Chen, Siqi & Dai, Haifeng, 2021. "Internal short circuit mechanisms, experimental approaches and detection methods of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    17. Meng, Jinhao & Cai, Lei & Stroe, Daniel-Ioan & Luo, Guangzhao & Sui, Xin & Teodorescu, Remus, 2019. "Lithium-ion battery state-of-health estimation in electric vehicle using optimized partial charging voltage profiles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 1054-1062.
    18. Troy, Stefanie & Schreiber, Andrea & Reppert, Thorsten & Gehrke, Hans-Gregor & Finsterbusch, Martin & Uhlenbruck, Sven & Stenzel, Peter, 2016. "Life Cycle Assessment and resource analysis of all-solid-state batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 757-767.
    19. Zhi Chang & Huijun Yang & Anqiang Pan & Ping He & Haoshen Zhou, 2022. "An improved 9 micron thick separator for a 350 Wh/kg lithium metal rechargeable pouch cell," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    20. Ruwani Kaushalya & Poobalasuntharam Iyngaran & Navaratnarajah Kuganathan & Alexander Chroneos, 2019. "Defect, Diffusion and Dopant Properties of NaNiO 2 : Atomistic Simulation Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-10, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:169:y:2019:i:c:p:868-880. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.