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Work-Life Conflict among U.S. Long-Haul Truck Drivers: Influences of Work Organization, Perceived Job Stress, Sleep, and Organizational Support

Author

Listed:
  • Adam Hege

    (Public Health Program, Department of Health & Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Leon Levine Hall, 1179 State Farm Road, P.O. Box 32071, Boone, NC 28607, USA)

  • Michael K. Lemke

    (Department of Social Sciences, University of Houston-Downtown, One Main Street, Houston, TX 77002, USA
    Complexity & Computational Population Health Group, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

  • Yorghos Apostolopoulos

    (Complexity & Computational Population Health Group, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
    Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

  • Brian Whitaker

    (Department of Management, Appalachian State University, 416 Howard Street, P.O. Box 32089, Boone, NC 28608, USA)

  • Sevil Sönmez

    (College of Business Administration, University of Central Florida, 12744 Pegasus Drive, Orlando, FL 32816, USA)

Abstract

Work-life balance and job stress are critical to health and well-being. Long-haul truck driving (LHTD) is among the unhealthiest and most unsafe occupations in the U.S. Despite these disparities, there are no extant published studies examining the influence of work, stress and sleep outcomes on drivers’ work-life balance. The current study investigated whether adverse work organization, stress, and poor sleep health among LHTDs are significantly associated with work-life conflict. Logistic regression was used to examine how work organization characteristics, job stress, and sleep influenced perceived stress and a composite measure of work-life conflict among a sample of 260 U.S. LHTDs. The pattern of regression results dictated subsequent analyses using structural equation modeling (SEM). Perceived job stress was the only statistically significant predictor for work-life balance. Fast pace of work, sleep duration and sleep quality were predictors of perceived job stress. SEM further elucidated that stress mediates the influences of fast work pace, supervisor/coworker support, and low sleep duration on each of the individual work-life balance indicators. There is an urgent need to address work conditions of LHTDs to better support their health, well-being, and work-life balance. Specifically, the findings from this study illustrate that scheduling practices and sleep outcomes could alleviate job stress and need to be addressed to more effectively support work-life balance. Future research and interventions should focus on policy and systems-level change.

Suggested Citation

  • Adam Hege & Michael K. Lemke & Yorghos Apostolopoulos & Brian Whitaker & Sevil Sönmez, 2019. "Work-Life Conflict among U.S. Long-Haul Truck Drivers: Influences of Work Organization, Perceived Job Stress, Sleep, and Organizational Support," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-19, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:6:p:984-:d:215145
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ka Po Wong & Alan Hoi Shou Chan, 2021. "Exploration of the Socioecological Determinants of Hong Kong Workers’ Work-Life Balance: A Grounded Theory Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-15, October.
    2. Fernanda Lise & Mona Shattell & Raquel Pötter Garcia & Kethelyn Costa Rodrigues & Wilson Teixeira de Ávila & Flávia Lise Garcia & Eda Schwartz, 2024. "Long-Haul Truck Drivers’ Perceptions of Truck Stops and Rest Areas: Focusing on Health and Wellness," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(9), pages 1-13, September.
    3. Fernanda Lise & Mona Shattell & Flávia Lise Garcia & Laurel Kincl, 2024. "Risk Factors for Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases of Long-Haul Truck Drivers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Integrative Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(7), pages 1-15, July.
    4. Krasniuk, Sarah & Lemke, Michael K. & Hassoun, Aya & Hege, Adam & Crizzle, Alexander M., 2024. "Improving truck stop environments to support long-haul truck driver safety and health: A scoping review," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    5. Michael K. Lemke & Adam Hege & Alexander M. Crizzle, 2023. "An Agenda for Advancing Research and Prevention at the Nexus of Work Organization, Occupational Stress, and Mental Health and Well-Being," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(11), pages 1-12, May.
    6. Fernanda Lise & Mona Shattell & Raquel Pötter Garcia & Wilson Teixeira de Ávila & Flávia Lise Garcia & Eda Schwartz, 2024. "Health of Family Members of Road Transport Workers: Evaluation of Perceived Stress and Family Effectiveness," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(10), pages 1-15, October.
    7. M. Isabel Sánchez-Hernández & Óscar Rodrigo González-López & María Buenadicha-Mateos & Juan Luis Tato-Jiménez, 2019. "Work-Life Balance in Great Companies and Pending Issues for Engaging New Generations at Work," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-18, December.
    8. Susan E. Peters & Harrison Grogan & Gesele M. Henderson & María Andrée López Gómez & Marta Martínez Maldonado & Iván Silva Sanhueza & Jack T. Dennerlein, 2021. "Working Conditions Influencing Drivers’ Safety and Well-Being in the Transportation Industry: “On Board” Program," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-15, September.

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