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Battery Design for Successful Electrification in Public Transport

Author

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  • Susanne Rothgang

    (Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives (ISEA), RWTH Aachen University, Jägerstr. 17/19, 52066 Aachen, Germany
    Aachen Research Alliance, JARA-Energy, 52425 Jülich, Germany)

  • Matthias Rogge

    (Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives (ISEA), RWTH Aachen University, Jägerstr. 17/19, 52066 Aachen, Germany
    Aachen Research Alliance, JARA-Energy, 52425 Jülich, Germany)

  • Jan Becker

    (Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives (ISEA), RWTH Aachen University, Jägerstr. 17/19, 52066 Aachen, Germany
    Aachen Research Alliance, JARA-Energy, 52425 Jülich, Germany)

  • Dirk Uwe Sauer

    (Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives (ISEA), RWTH Aachen University, Jägerstr. 17/19, 52066 Aachen, Germany
    Aachen Research Alliance, JARA-Energy, 52425 Jülich, Germany
    Institute for Power Generation and Storage Systems (PGS), E.ON Energy Research Center, RWTH Aachen University, Mathieustr. 10, 52074 Aachen, Germany)

Abstract

Public transport is an especially promising sector for full electric vehicles due to the high amount of cycles and predictable workload. This leads to a high amount of different vehicle concepts ranging from large batteries, designed for a full day of operation without charging, to fast-charging systems with charging power up to a few hundred kilowatts. Hence, many different issues have to be addressed in the whole design and production process regarding high-voltage (HV) batteries for buses. In this work, the design process for electric public buses is analyzed in detail, based on two systems developed by the research projects Smart Wheels/econnect and SEB eÖPNV. The complete development process starting, with the demand analysis and the operating scenario, including the charging routine, is discussed. This paper also features details on cell selection and cost estimations as well as technical details on the system layout, such as the management system and passive components as well as thermal management.

Suggested Citation

  • Susanne Rothgang & Matthias Rogge & Jan Becker & Dirk Uwe Sauer, 2015. "Battery Design for Successful Electrification in Public Transport," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(7), pages 1-23, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:8:y:2015:i:7:p:6715-6737:d:51904
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rothgang, Susanne & Baumhöfer, Thorsten & van Hoek, Hauke & Lange, Tobias & De Doncker, Rik W. & Sauer, Dirk Uwe, 2015. "Modular battery design for reliable, flexible and multi-technology energy storage systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 931-937.
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    Cited by:

    1. Harris, Andrew & Soban, Danielle & Smyth, Beatrice M. & Best, Robert, 2020. "A probabilistic fleet analysis for energy consumption, life cycle cost and greenhouse gas emissions modelling of bus technologies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    2. Ali Djerioui & Azeddine Houari & Mohamed Machmoum & Malek Ghanes, 2020. "Grey Wolf Optimizer-Based Predictive Torque Control for Electric Buses Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-18, September.
    3. Sistig, Hubert Maximilian & Sauer, Dirk Uwe, 2023. "Metaheuristic for the integrated electric vehicle and crew scheduling problem," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 339(C).
    4. Paul J.J. Welfens & Nan Yu & David Hanrahan & Benedikt Schmuelling & Heiko Fechtner, 2018. "Electrical Bus Mobility in the EU and China: Technological, Ecological and Economic Policy Perspectives," EIIW Discussion paper disbei255, Universitätsbibliothek Wuppertal, University Library.
    5. Valentini, M.P. & Conti, V. & Orchi, S., 2022. "BEST: A software to verify the feasibility of urban bus line electrification," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    6. Antti Lajunen & Panu Sainio & Lasse Laurila & Jenni Pippuri-Mäkeläinen & Kari Tammi, 2018. "Overview of Powertrain Electrification and Future Scenarios for Non-Road Mobile Machinery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-22, May.
    7. Basma, Hussein & Mansour, Charbel & Haddad, Marc & Nemer, Maroun & Stabat, Pascal, 2020. "Comprehensive energy modeling methodology for battery electric buses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C).
    8. Rogge, Matthias & van der Hurk, Evelien & Larsen, Allan & Sauer, Dirk Uwe, 2018. "Electric bus fleet size and mix problem with optimization of charging infrastructure," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 282-295.
    9. Bahman Shabani & Manu Biju, 2015. "Theoretical Modelling Methods for Thermal Management of Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-25, September.
    10. Basma, Hussein & Mansour, Charbel & Haddad, Marc & Nemer, Maroun & Stabat, Pascal, 2022. "Energy consumption and battery sizing for different types of electric bus service," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PE).
    11. Jari Vepsäläinen & Antti Ritari & Antti Lajunen & Klaus Kivekäs & Kari Tammi, 2018. "Energy Uncertainty Analysis of Electric Buses," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-29, November.
    12. Philipp Glücker & Klaus Kivekäs & Jari Vepsäläinen & Panagiotis Mouratidis & Maximilian Schneider & Stephan Rinderknecht & Kari Tammi, 2021. "Prolongation of Battery Lifetime for Electric Buses through Flywheel Integration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-19, February.
    13. Paul Stewart & Chris Bingham, 2016. "Electrical Power and Energy Systems for Transportation Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-3, July.
    14. Bandara, T.G. Thusitha Asela & Viera, J.C. & González, M., 2022. "The next generation of fast charging methods for Lithium-ion batteries: The natural current-absorption methods," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).

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