IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i2p648-d1026027.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Sustainable Biofuels from First Three Alcohol Families: A Critical Review

Author

Listed:
  • Muhamad Norkhizan Abdullah

    (Faculty of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Malaysia)

  • Ahmad Fitri Yusop

    (Faculty of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Malaysia
    Automotive Engineering Center, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Malaysia)

  • Rizalman Mamat

    (Faculty of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Malaysia)

  • Mohd Adnin Hamidi

    (Faculty of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Malaysia
    Automotive Engineering Center, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Malaysia)

  • Kumarasamy Sudhakar

    (Faculty of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Malaysia
    Automotive Engineering Center, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Malaysia
    Energy Centre, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal 462003, India)

  • Talal Yusaf

    (Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, National Center for Engineering in Agriculture, Central Queensland University, Norman Gardens, QLD 4701, Australia)

Abstract

With its unique qualities, such as infinite supply, high octane number, and capacity to cut greenhouse gas emissions, alcohol is a viable alternative fuel for SI engines. This review article aims to reveal to readers the effects of alcohol on the performance, combustion behavior, and emission characteristics of SI engines by collecting the outcomes from previous research. This article looks at methanol, ethanol, and butanol fuel qualities. The performance of SI engines with butanol, ethanol, and methanol combined with gasoline is investigated in terms of brake torque, brake power, fuel consumption, thermal efficiency, volumetric efficiency, mean effective pressure, and coefficient of variation under various conditions. Second, in-cylinder pressure, mass fraction burnt, ignition delay, pressure increases, and heat release rates are also used to evaluate the combustion characteristic. Finally, the article discusses pollutant emissions such as CO, CO 2 , NO x , UHC, and exhaust gas temperature. Methanol, ethanol, and butanol mixed with gasoline increased fuel consumption and lowered spark-ignition engines’ thermal efficiency. When alcohol was combined with gasoline, most research found that CO, NO x , and UHC emissions were reduced due to improved combustion.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhamad Norkhizan Abdullah & Ahmad Fitri Yusop & Rizalman Mamat & Mohd Adnin Hamidi & Kumarasamy Sudhakar & Talal Yusaf, 2023. "Sustainable Biofuels from First Three Alcohol Families: A Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-21, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:2:p:648-:d:1026027
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/2/648/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/2/648/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wei, Haiqiao & Zhu, Tianyu & Shu, Gequn & Tan, Linlin & Wang, Yuesen, 2012. "Gasoline engine exhaust gas recirculation – A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 534-544.
    2. Topgül, Tolga & Yücesu, Hüseyin Serdar & Çinar, Can & Koca, Atilla, 2006. "The effects of ethanol–unleaded gasoline blends and ignition timing on engine performance and exhaust emissions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(15), pages 2534-2542.
    3. Sayin, Cenk & Balki, Mustafa Kemal, 2015. "Effect of compression ratio on the emission, performance and combustion characteristics of a gasoline engine fueled with iso-butanol/gasoline blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 550-555.
    4. Deng, Banglin & Yang, Jing & Zhang, Daming & Feng, Renhua & Fu, Jianqin & Liu, Jingping & Li, Ke & Liu, Xiaoqiang, 2013. "The challenges and strategies of butanol application in conventional engines: The sensitivity study of ignition and valve timing," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 248-260.
    5. Zhang, Y. & Zhao, H., 2014. "Investigation of combustion, performance and emission characteristics of 2-stroke and 4-stroke spark ignition and CAI/HCCI operations in a DI gasoline," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 244-255.
    6. Imran Khan, Muhammad, 2017. "Policy options for the sustainable development of natural gas as transportation fuel," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 126-136.
    7. Zhang, Bo & Ji, Changwei & Wang, Shuofeng & Liu, Xiaolong, 2014. "Combustion and emissions characteristics of a spark-ignition engine fueled with hydrogen–methanol blends under lean and various loads conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 829-835.
    8. Awad, Omar I. & Mamat, Rizalman & Ibrahim, Thamir K. & Kettner, Maurice & Kadirgama, K. & Leman, A.M. & Saiful, A.I.M., 2018. "Effects of fusel oil water content reduction on fuel properties, performance and emissions of SI engine fueled with gasoline -fusel oil blends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 858-869.
    9. Arumugam, S. & Sriram, G. & Ellappan, R., 2014. "Bio-lubricant-biodiesel combination of rapeseed oil: An experimental investigation on engine oil tribology, performance, and emissions of variable compression engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 618-627.
    10. Pullen, James & Saeed, Khizer, 2014. "Factors affecting biodiesel engine performance and exhaust emissions – Part I: Review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 1-16.
    11. Nguyen, Dinh Duc & Moghaddam, Hesam & Pirouzfar, Vahid & Fayyazbakhsh, Ahmad & Su, Chia-Hung, 2021. "Improving the gasoline properties by blending butanol-Al2O3 to optimize the engine performance and reduce air pollution," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    12. Cho, Jaeho & Si, Woosung & Jang, Wonwook & Jin, Dongyoung & Myung, Cha-Lee & Park, Simsoo, 2015. "Impact of intermediate ethanol blends on particulate matter emission from a spark ignition direct injection (SIDI) engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 592-602.
    13. Ozsezen, Ahmet Necati & Canakci, Mustafa, 2011. "Performance and combustion characteristics of alcohol–gasoline blends at wide-open throttle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 2747-2752.
    14. Iodice, Paolo & Senatore, Adolfo & Langella, Giuseppe & Amoresano, Amedeo, 2016. "Effect of ethanol–gasoline blends on CO and HC emissions in last generation SI engines within the cold-start transient: An experimental investigation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 182-190.
    15. Miganakallu, Niranjan & Yang, Zhuyong & Rogóż, Rafał & Kapusta, Łukasz Jan & Christensen, Cord & Barros, Sam & Naber, Jeffrey, 2020. "Effect of water - methanol blends on engine performance at borderline knock conditions in gasoline direct injection engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    16. Mourad, M. & Mahmoud, K., 2019. "Investigation into SI engine performance characteristics and emissions fuelled with ethanol/butanol-gasoline blends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 762-771.
    17. Balki, Mustafa Kemal & Sayin, Cenk, 2014. "The effect of compression ratio on the performance, emissions and combustion of an SI (spark ignition) engine fueled with pure ethanol, methanol and unleaded gasoline," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 194-201.
    18. Catapano, Francesco & Di Iorio, Silvana & Magno, Agnese & Vaglieco, Bianca Maria, 2022. "Effect of fuel quality on combustion evolution and particle emissions from PFI and GDI engines fueled with gasoline, ethanol and blend, with focus on 10–23 nm particles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PB).
    19. Pullen, James & Saeed, Khizer, 2014. "Factors affecting biodiesel engine performance and exhaust emissions – Part II: Experimental study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 17-34.
    20. Lanzanova, Thompson Diórdinis Metzka & Dalla Nora, Macklini & Zhao, Hua, 2016. "Performance and economic analysis of a direct injection spark ignition engine fueled with wet ethanol," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 230-239.
    21. Wei, Haiqiao & Feng, Dengquan & Pan, Jiaying & Shao, Aifang & Pan, Mingzhang, 2017. "Knock characteristics of SI engine fueled with n-butanol in combination with different EGR rate," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 190-196.
    22. Al-Harbi, Ahmed A. & Alabduly, Abdullah J. & Alkhedhair, Abdullah M. & Alqahtani, Naif B. & Albishi, Miqad S., 2022. "Effect of operation under lean conditions on NOx emissions and fuel consumption fueling an SI engine with hydrous ethanol–gasoline blends enhanced with synthesis gas," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PA).
    23. Mahmudul, H.M. & Hagos, F.Y. & Mamat, R. & Adam, A. Abdul & Ishak, W.F.W. & Alenezi, R., 2017. "Production, characterization and performance of biodiesel as an alternative fuel in diesel engines – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 497-509.
    24. Canakci, Mustafa & Ozsezen, Ahmet Necati & Alptekin, Ertan & Eyidogan, Muharrem, 2013. "Impact of alcohol–gasoline fuel blends on the exhaust emission of an SI engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 111-117.
    25. Yilmaz, Nadir & Atmanli, Alpaslan, 2017. "Sustainable alternative fuels in aviation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P2), pages 1378-1386.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Silvana Di Iorio & Francesco Catapano & Agnese Magno & Paolo Sementa & Bianca Maria Vaglieco, 2023. "The Potential of Ethanol/Methanol Blends as Renewable Fuels for DI SI Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-15, March.
    2. M, Jerome Stanley & Varuvel, Edwin Geo & M, Leenus Jesu Martin, 2024. "Evaluating the potential performance of methane in lean conditions and examining the variations in combustion in a gasoline direct injection engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 302(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Süleyman Şimşek & Hasan Saygın & Bülent Özdalyan, 2020. "Improvement of Fusel Oil Features and Effect of Its Use in Different Compression Ratios for an SI Engine on Performance and Emission," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-14, April.
    2. Yusri, I.M. & Mamat, R. & Najafi, G. & Razman, A. & Awad, Omar I. & Azmi, W.H. & Ishak, W.F.W. & Shaiful, A.I.M., 2017. "Alcohol based automotive fuels from first four alcohol family in compression and spark ignition engine: A review on engine performance and exhaust emissions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 169-181.
    3. Awad, Omar I. & Mamat, R. & Ibrahim, Thamir K. & Hammid, Ali Thaeer & Yusri, I.M. & Hamidi, Mohd Adnin & Humada, Ali M. & Yusop, A.F., 2018. "Overview of the oxygenated fuels in spark ignition engine: Environmental and performance," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 394-408.
    4. Renzi, Massimiliano & Bietresato, Marco & Mazzetto, Fabrizio, 2016. "An experimental evaluation of the performance of a SI internal combustion engine for agricultural purposes fuelled with different bioethanol blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P1), pages 1069-1080.
    5. Elfasakhany, Ashraf, 2017. "Investigations on performance and pollutant emissions of spark-ignition engines fueled with n-butanol–, isobutanol–, ethanol–, methanol–, and acetone–gasoline blends: A comparative study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 404-413.
    6. Thangavelu, Saravana Kannan & Ahmed, Abu Saleh & Ani, Farid Nasir, 2016. "Review on bioethanol as alternative fuel for spark ignition engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 820-835.
    7. Dhamodaran, Gopinath & Esakkimuthu, Ganapathy Sundaram & Pochareddy, Yashwanth Kutti & Sivasubramanian, Harish, 2017. "Investigation of n-butanol as fuel in a four-cylinder MPFI SI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 726-735.
    8. Gong, Changming & Liu, Fenghua & Sun, Jingzhen & Wang, Kang, 2016. "Effect of compression ratio on performance and emissions of a stratified-charge DISI (direct injection spark ignition) methanol engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 166-175.
    9. Kumar, T. Sathish & Ashok, B., 2021. "Critical review on combustion phenomena of low carbon alcohols in SI engine with its challenges and future directions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    10. Suleyman Simsek & Bulent Ozdalyan, 2018. "Improvements to the Composition of Fusel Oil and Analysis of the Effects of Fusel Oil–Gasoline Blends on a Spark-Ignited (SI) Engine’s Performance and Emissions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-13, March.
    11. Duarte Souza Alvarenga Santos, Nathália & Rückert Roso, Vinícius & Teixeira Malaquias, Augusto César & Coelho Baêta, José Guilherme, 2021. "Internal combustion engines and biofuels: Examining why this robust combination should not be ignored for future sustainable transportation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    12. Awad, Omar I. & Mamat, R. & Ali, Obed M. & Sidik, N.A.C. & Yusaf, T. & Kadirgama, K. & Kettner, Maurice, 2018. "Alcohol and ether as alternative fuels in spark ignition engine: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 2586-2605.
    13. Yakın, Ahmet & Behcet, Rasim & Solmaz, Hamit & Halis, Serdar, 2022. "Testing sodium borohydride as a fuel additive in internal combustion gasoline engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).
    14. Chintala, V. & Subramanian, K.A., 2015. "Experimental investigations on effect of different compression ratios on enhancement of maximum hydrogen energy share in a compression ignition engine under dual-fuel mode," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 448-462.
    15. Fabián Vargas & Armando Pérez & Rene Delgado & Emilio Hernández & José Alejandro Suástegui, 2019. "Performance Analysis of a Compression Ignition Engine Using Mixture Biodiesel Palm and Diesel," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-26, September.
    16. S. M. Ashrafur Rahman & Md. Nurun Nabi & Thuy Chu Van & Kabir Suara & Mohammad Jafari & Ashley Dowell & Md. Aminul Islam & Anthony J. Marchese & Jessica Tryner & Md. Farhad Hossain & Thomas J. Rainey , 2018. "Performance and Combustion Characteristics Analysis of Multi-Cylinder CI Engine Using Essential Oil Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-15, March.
    17. Sun, Chunhua & Liu, Yu & Qiao, Xinqi & Ju, Dehao & Tang, Qing & Fang, Xiaoyuan & Zhou, Feng, 2020. "Experimental study of effects of exhaust gas recirculation on combustion, performance, and emissions of DME-biodiesel fueled engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    18. Yuan, Zhipeng & Fu, Jianqin & Liu, Qi & Ma, Yinjie & Zhan, Zhangsong, 2018. "Quantitative study on influence factors of power performance of variable valve timing (VVT) engines and correction of its governing equation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 314-326.
    19. Michał Wojcieszyk & Lotta Knuutila & Yuri Kroyan & Mário de Pinto Balsemão & Rupali Tripathi & Juha Keskivali & Anna Karvo & Annukka Santasalo-Aarnio & Otto Blomstedt & Martti Larmi, 2021. "Performance of Anisole and Isobutanol as Gasoline Bio-Blendstocks for Spark Ignition Engines," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-19, August.
    20. Huang, Yuhan & Surawski, Nic C. & Zhuang, Yuan & Zhou, John L. & Hong, Guang, 2021. "Dual injection: An effective and efficient technology to use renewable fuels in spark ignition engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:2:p:648-:d:1026027. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.