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The Potential of Ethanol/Methanol Blends as Renewable Fuels for DI SI Engines

Author

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  • Silvana Di Iorio

    (Institute of Science and Technology for Sustainable Energy and Mobility (STEMS)—CNR, Via G. Marconi 4, 80125 Naples, Italy)

  • Francesco Catapano

    (Institute of Science and Technology for Sustainable Energy and Mobility (STEMS)—CNR, Via G. Marconi 4, 80125 Naples, Italy)

  • Agnese Magno

    (Institute of Science and Technology for Sustainable Energy and Mobility (STEMS)—CNR, Via G. Marconi 4, 80125 Naples, Italy)

  • Paolo Sementa

    (Institute of Science and Technology for Sustainable Energy and Mobility (STEMS)—CNR, Via G. Marconi 4, 80125 Naples, Italy)

  • Bianca Maria Vaglieco

    (Institute of Science and Technology for Sustainable Energy and Mobility (STEMS)—CNR, Via G. Marconi 4, 80125 Naples, Italy)

Abstract

Electrification is considered an optimal long-term solution for the decarbonization of the transport sector. However, in the medium period, propulsion systems will continue to dominate urban mobility, thus requiring the shift from fossil fuels toward low carbon fuels. In this regard, the request from the EU to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 is encouraging the use of innovative fuels and powertrains. Alcohols such as ethanol and methanol are particularly suitable for spark ignition engines. This paper investigates the effect of ethanol/methanol blends on the performance and emissions of a turbocharged direct injection spark ignition engine running on the worldwide harmonized light vehicles test cycle. Three blends were considered, consisting of 10% v / v ethanol (E10), 25% v / v ethanol (E25) and 5% v / v ethanol with 15% v / v methanol (E5M15). Gaseous and particle emissions were measured at the exhaust. The main novelty of the study regards the investigation of the behavior of alcohol blends, especially those based on methanol, in transient conditions. It was found that CO, THC and NO x emissions decrease with the increase in alcohol content in the blend, with different contributions in the different phases of the cycle. Particle emissions decrease for E10 and even more so for E25. When methanol is added to the blend, particle emissions increase with respect to E25 and they are characterized by a larger diameter.

Suggested Citation

  • Silvana Di Iorio & Francesco Catapano & Agnese Magno & Paolo Sementa & Bianca Maria Vaglieco, 2023. "The Potential of Ethanol/Methanol Blends as Renewable Fuels for DI SI Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-15, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:6:p:2791-:d:1100018
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    8. Catapano, Francesco & Di Iorio, Silvana & Magno, Agnese & Vaglieco, Bianca Maria, 2022. "Effect of fuel quality on combustion evolution and particle emissions from PFI and GDI engines fueled with gasoline, ethanol and blend, with focus on 10–23 nm particles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PB).
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    Cited by:

    1. Huabing Wen & Yue Yu & Jingrui Li & Changchun Xu & Haiguo Jing & Jianhua Shen, 2023. "Numerical Investigation on the Influence of Injection Location and Injection Strategy on a High-Pressure Direct Injection Diesel/Methanol Dual-Fuel Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-26, June.
    2. Artur Krzemiński & Adam Ustrzycki, 2024. "Visualisation Testing of the Vertex Angle of the Spray Formed by Injected Diesel–Ethanol Fuel Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-15, June.
    3. Francesco Catapano & Silvana Di Iorio & Agnese Magno & Paolo Sementa & Bianca Maria Vaglieco, 2024. "A Complete Assessment of the Emission Performance of an SI Engine Fueled with Methanol, Methane and Hydrogen," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-14, February.

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