IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v14y2021i22p7569-d677891.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Control Strategies of DC Microgrids Cluster: A Comprehensive Review

Author

Listed:
  • Zaid Hamid Abdulabbas Al-Tameemi

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand)

  • Tek Tjing Lie

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand)

  • Gilbert Foo

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand)

  • Frede Blaabjerg

    (Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark)

Abstract

Multiple microgrids (MGs) close to each other can be interconnected to construct a cluster to enhance reliability and flexibility. This paper presents a comprehensive and comparative review of recent studies on DC MG clusters’ control strategies. Different schemes regarding the two significant control aspects of networked DC MGs, namely DC-link voltage control and power flow control between MGs, are investigated. A discussion about the architecture configuration of DC MG clusters is also provided. All advantages and limitations of various control strategies of recent studies are discussed in this paper. Furthermore, this paper discusses three types of consensus protocol with different time boundaries, including linear, finite, and fixed. Based on the main findings from the reviewed studies, future research recommendations are proposed.

Suggested Citation

  • Zaid Hamid Abdulabbas Al-Tameemi & Tek Tjing Lie & Gilbert Foo & Frede Blaabjerg, 2021. "Control Strategies of DC Microgrids Cluster: A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-34, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:22:p:7569-:d:677891
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/22/7569/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/22/7569/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Pan Wu & Wentao Huang & Nengling Tai & Zhoujun Ma & Xiaodong Zheng & Yong Zhang, 2019. "A Multi-Layer Coordinated Control Scheme to Improve the Operation Friendliness of Grid-Connected Multiple Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-21, January.
    2. Shuai, Zhikang & Fang, Junbin & Ning, Fenggen & Shen, Z. John, 2018. "Hierarchical structure and bus voltage control of DC microgrid," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 3670-3682.
    3. Abdul Wahid & Javed Iqbal & Affaq Qamar & Salman Ahmed & Abdul Basit & Haider Ali & Omar M. Aldossary, 2020. "A Novel Power Scheduling Mechanism for Islanded DC Microgrid Cluster," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-14, August.
    4. Bandeiras, F. & Pinheiro, E. & Gomes, M. & Coelho, P. & Fernandes, J., 2020. "Review of the cooperation and operation of microgrid clusters," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    5. Jebali Ben Ghorbal, Manel & Moussa, Sonia & Arbi Ziani, Jihen & Slama-Belkhodja, Ilhem, 2021. "A comparison study of two DC microgrid controls for a fast and stable DC bus voltage," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 210-224.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Lu Liu & Yun Zeng, 2023. "Intelligent ISSA-Based Non-Singular Terminal Sliding-Mode Control of DC–DC Boost Converter Feeding a Constant Power Load System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-23, June.
    2. Geovane L. Reis & Danilo I. Brandao & João H. Oliveira & Lucas S. Araujo & Braz J. Cardoso Filho, 2022. "Case Study of Single-Controllable Microgrid: A Practical Implementation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-22, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Meenakshi, RM. & Selvi, K., 2024. "Iteratively Sustained Sliding Mode Control based energy management in a DC Microgrid," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 673-695.
    2. Villanueva-Rosario, Junior Alexis & Santos-García, Félix & Aybar-Mejía, Miguel Euclides & Mendoza-Araya, Patricio & Molina-García, Angel, 2022. "Coordinated ancillary services, market participation and communication of multi-microgrids: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 308(C).
    3. Rodriguez, Mauricio & Arcos-Aviles, Diego & Guinjoan, Francesc, 2024. "Simple fuzzy logic-based energy management for power exchange in isolated multi-microgrid systems: A case study in a remote community in the Amazon region of Ecuador," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 357(C).
    4. Neska, Ewa & Kowalska-Pyzalska, Anna, 2022. "Conceptual design of energy market topologies for communities and their practical applications in EU: A comparison of three case studies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    5. Retière, N. & Sidqi, Y. & Frankhauser, P., 2022. "A steady-state analysis of distribution networks by diffusion-limited-aggregation and multifractal geometry," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 600(C).
    6. Ding, Lifu & Chen, Ying & Xiao, Tannan & Huang, Shaowei & Shen, Chen & Guo, Ao, 2025. "Topology-aware fault diagnosis for microgrid clusters with diverse scenarios generated by digital twins," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 378(PA).
    7. Mansouri, S.A. & Ahmarinejad, A. & Nematbakhsh, E. & Javadi, M.S. & Esmaeel Nezhad, A. & Catalão, J.P.S., 2022. "A sustainable framework for multi-microgrids energy management in automated distribution network by considering smart homes and high penetration of renewable energy resources," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    8. Wang, Shuoqi & Lu, Languang & Han, Xuebing & Ouyang, Minggao & Feng, Xuning, 2020. "Virtual-battery based droop control and energy storage system size optimization of a DC microgrid for electric vehicle fast charging station," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    9. Charbonnier, Flora & Morstyn, Thomas & McCulloch, Malcolm D., 2022. "Coordination of resources at the edge of the electricity grid: Systematic review and taxonomy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 318(C).
    10. Moazzen, Farid & Hossain, M.J., 2025. "A two-layer strategy for sustainable energy management of microgrid clusters with embedded energy storage system and demand-side flexibility provision," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PD).
    11. Tostado-Véliz, Marcos & Hasanien, Hany M. & Jordehi, Ahmad Rezaee & Turky, Rania A. & Jurado, Francisco, 2023. "Risk-averse optimal participation of a DR-intensive microgrid in competitive clusters considering response fatigue," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 339(C).
    12. Xia, Yuanxing & Xu, Qingshan & Fang, Jicheng & Tang, Rongchuan & Du, Pengwei, 2024. "Bipartite graph-based community-to-community matching in local energy market considering socially networked prosumers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 353(PB).
    13. Chen, Xia & Zhou, Jianyu & Shi, Mengxuan & Chen, Yin & Wen, Jinyu, 2022. "Distributed resilient control against denial of service attacks in DC microgrids with constant power load," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    14. Hiranmay Samanta & Abhijit Das & Indrajt Bose & Joydip Jana & Ankur Bhattacharjee & Konika Das Bhattacharya & Samarjit Sengupta & Hiranmay Saha, 2021. "Field-Validated Communication Systems for Smart Microgrid Energy Management in a Rural Microgrid Cluster," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-15, October.
    15. Afkar, Mohammad & Gavagsaz-Ghoachani, Roghayeh & Phattanasak, Matheepot & Pierfederici, Serge, 2024. "Voltage-balancing of two controllers for a DC-DC converter-based DC microgrid with experimental verification," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 221(C), pages 159-179.
    16. Yin, Linfei & Lu, Yuejiang, 2021. "Expandable deep width learning for voltage control of three-state energy model based smart grids containing flexible energy sources," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    17. Geovane dos Reis & Eduardo Liberado & Fernando Marafão & Clodualdo Sousa & Waner Silva & Danilo Brandao, 2021. "Model-Free Power Control for Low-Voltage AC Dispatchable Microgrids with Multiple Points of Connection," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-20, October.
    18. Sabrina Yeasmin & Tushar Kanti Roy & Subarto Kumar Ghosh, 2022. "Design of Robust Integral Terminal Sliding Mode Controllers with Exponential Reaching Laws for Solar PV and BESS-Based DC Microgrids with Uncertainties," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-17, June.
    19. Navid Bayati & Hamid Reza Baghaee & Mehdi Savaghebi & Amin Hajizadeh & Mohsen N. Soltani & Zhengyu Lin, 2021. "DC Fault Current Analyzing, Limiting, and Clearing in DC Microgrid Clusters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-19, October.
    20. Ferahtia, Seydali & Houari, Azeddine & Cioara, Tudor & Bouznit, Mohammed & Rezk, Hegazy & Djerioui, Ali, 2024. "Recent advances on energy management and control of direct current microgrid for smart cities and industry: A Survey," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 368(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:22:p:7569-:d:677891. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.