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Blending of additives with biodiesels to improve the cold flow properties, combustion and emission performance in a compression ignition engine--A review

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  • Misra, R.D.
  • Murthy, M.S.

Abstract

Biodiesel is widely accepted as comparable fuel to diesel in compression ignition engines. It offers many advantages including: higher cetane number; reduced emissions of particulates, NOx, SOx, CO, and hydrocarbons; reduced toxicity; improved safety; and lower lifecycle CO2 emissions. A characteristic of biodiesel limiting its application is its relatively poor low-temperature flow properties. Improvement of its low temperature flow characteristic still remains one of the major challenges when using biodiesel as an alternative fuel for diesel engines. The biodiesel fuels derived from fats or oils with significant amounts of saturated fatty compounds display higher cloud points and pour points thus limiting their applications. The cold flow properties of different biodiesel were evaluated with various additives towards the objectives of improving the viscosity, pour point and cloud point. Methanol ethanol, kerosene, Mg additives, etc. have been tried many researchers to improve the cold flow behavior of biodiesels. Varying results of improvement in cold flow properties have been obtained by using different additives. Similarly different additives have been used by different researchers to improve the performance of a compression ignition engine and its emissions. This review has been taken up to identify the various additives used to improve the cold flow properties of biodiesels and improve the performance of a diesel engine and its emissions while using additive blended biodiesels. The review concludes that the additives usage in biodiesel is inseparable both for improving the cold flow properties and for the better engine performance and emission control and further research is needed to develop biodiesel specific additives.

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  • Misra, R.D. & Murthy, M.S., 2011. "Blending of additives with biodiesels to improve the cold flow properties, combustion and emission performance in a compression ignition engine--A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(5), pages 2413-2422, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:15:y:2011:i:5:p:2413-2422
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    6. Sierra-Cantor, Jonathan Fabián & Guerrero-Fajardo, Carlos Alberto, 2017. "Methods for improving the cold flow properties of biodiesel with high saturated fatty acids content: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 774-790.
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    12. Mohanan, Athira & Bouzidi, Laziz & Li, Shaojun & Narine, Suresh S., 2016. "Mitigating crystallization of saturated fames in biodiesel: 1. Lowering crystallization temperatures via addition of metathesized soybean oil," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 335-345.
    13. Baker, Mark & Bouzidi, Laziz & Narine, Suresh S., 2015. "Mitigating crystallization of saturated FAMEs (fatty acid methyl esters) in biodiesel: 2. The phase behavior of 2-stearoyl diolein–methyl stearate binary system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 647-657.
    14. Mohanan, Athira & Bouzidi, Laziz & Narine, Suresh S., 2016. "Mitigating crystallization of saturated FAMES (fatty acid methyl esters) in biodiesel: 4. The phase behavior of 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoyl glycerol – Methyl stearate binary system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 242-252.
    15. Senthil, Ramalingam & Pranesh, Ganesan & Silambarasan, Rajendran, 2019. "Leaf extract additives: A solution for reduction of NOx emission in a biodiesel operated compression ignition engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 862-878.
    16. Yanuandri Putrasari & Ocktaeck Lim, 2019. "A Review of Gasoline Compression Ignition: A Promising Technology Potentially Fueled with Mixtures of Gasoline and Biodiesel to Meet Future Engine Efficiency and Emission Targets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-27, January.
    17. Vishal, Devesh & Dubey, Shivesh & Goyal, Rahul & Dwivedi, Gaurav & Baredar, Prashant & Chhabra, Mayank, 2020. "Optimization of alkali-catalyzed transesterification of rubber oil for biodiesel production & its impact on engine performance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 167-180.
    18. Mohanan, Athira & Darling, Bruce & Bouzidi, Laziz & Narine, Suresh S., 2015. "Mitigating crystallization of saturated FAMES (fatty acid methyl esters) in biodiesel. 3. The binary phase behavior of 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoyl glycerol – Methyl palmitate – A multi-length scale struc," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 500-513.
    19. Adeniyi, Oladapo Martins & Azimov, Ulugbek & Burluka, Alexey, 2018. "Algae biofuel: Current status and future applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 316-335.
    20. Elfasakhany, Ashraf, 2017. "Investigations on performance and pollutant emissions of spark-ignition engines fueled with n-butanol–, isobutanol–, ethanol–, methanol–, and acetone–gasoline blends: A comparative study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 404-413.
    21. Rajendran, Silambarasan, 2020. "Effect of antioxidant additives on oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emission reduction from Annona biodiesel operated diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 1321-1326.
    22. Shahabuddin, M. & Liaquat, A.M. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Mofijur, M., 2013. "Ignition delay, combustion and emission characteristics of diesel engine fueled with biodiesel," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 623-632.
    23. Tamilselvan, P. & Nallusamy, N. & Rajkumar, S., 2017. "A comprehensive review on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuelled diesel engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 1134-1159.
    24. Dwivedi, Gaurav & Sharma, M.P., 2014. "Impact of cold flow properties of biodiesel on engine performance," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 650-656.
    25. Shahir, V.K. & Jawahar, C.P. & Suresh, P.R., 2015. "Comparative study of diesel and biodiesel on CI engine with emphasis to emissions—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 686-697.

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