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Spray and combustion characterization for internal combustion engines using optical measuring techniques – A review

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  • Soid, S.N.
  • Zainal, Z.A.

Abstract

The number of studies on spray and combustion characteristics in IC (internal combustion) engines using optical techniques has rapidly increased in the past few years due to an increase in the number of alternative fuels and stricter emission standard regulations. This study investigates better ways of controlling the combustion process, thus ensuring optimum performance and minimum emission levels produced during the combustion process. Alternative fuels such as CNG (compressed natural gas), biodiesel and hydrogen have been studied by many researchers due to their relative low environmental impact. Meanwhile, for conventional fuels such as gasoline and diesel, studies have focused on spray characteristics to provide better air/fuel mixtures in order to produce a cleaner combustion process. Few experimental works have investigated the effects of modifications to the injector itself, for example, varying the injection rate, injection pressure, etc. In order to provide a better understanding of spray and combustion characteristics, researchers have studied macroscopic and microscopic parameters using optical techniques. This paper presents the significance of spray and combustion study with optical techniques that have been reported by previous researchers in order to provide in depth knowledge as assistance to readers interested in this research area.

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  • Soid, S.N. & Zainal, Z.A., 2011. "Spray and combustion characterization for internal combustion engines using optical measuring techniques – A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 724-741.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:36:y:2011:i:2:p:724-741
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2010.11.022
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    1. Payri, Raul & Gimeno, Jaime & Bardi, Michele & Plazas, Alejandro H., 2013. "Study liquid length penetration results obtained with a direct acting piezo electric injector," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 152-162.
    2. Oh, Jeongseog & Noh, Dongsoon, 2015. "Flame characteristics of a non-premixed oxy-fuel jet in a lab-scale furnace," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 328-343.
    3. Allocca, L. & Lazzaro, M. & Meccariello, G. & Montanaro, A., 2016. "Schlieren visualization of a GDI spray impacting on a heated wall: Non-vaporizing and vaporizing evolutions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 93-98.
    4. Ding, Hong-ming & Zhuo, Chang-fei & Deng, Han-yu & Li, Mao-quan & Chen, Xiong & Sun, Bo, 2023. "Experimental and numerical study on the development process and flow characteristics of powder fuel jet in the powder fuel scramjet," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PA).
    5. Zhang, Zhifei & Li, Tie & Shi, Weiquan, 2019. "Ambient Tracer-LIF for 2-D quantitative measurement of fuel concentration in gas jets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 372-384.
    6. Zhang, Qing & Gao, Ya & Chu, Miaoqi & Chen, Pice & Zhang, Qingteng & Wang, Jin, 2023. "Enhanced energy conversion efficiency promoted by cavitation in gasoline direct injection," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    7. Wu, Horng-Wen & Wu, Zhan-Yi, 2012. "Combustion characteristics and optimal factors determination with Taguchi method for diesel engines port-injecting hydrogen," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 411-420.
    8. Soid, S.N. & Zainal, Z.A., 2014. "Combustion characteristics and optimization of CPG (compressed producer gas) in a constant volume combustion chamber," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 59-69.
    9. Qiu, Tao & Dai, Hefei & Lei, Yan & Cao, Chunlei & Li, Xuchu, 2015. "Optimising the cam profile of an electronic unit pump for a heavy-duty diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 276-283.
    10. Costa, M. & Catapano, F. & Sementa, P. & Sorge, U. & Vaglieco, B.M., 2016. "Mixture preparation and combustion in a GDI engine under stoichiometric or lean charge: an experimental and numerical study on an optically accessible engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 86-103.
    11. Broatch, Alberto & Olmeda, Pablo & García, Antonio & Salvador-Iborra, Josep & Warey, Alok, 2017. "Impact of swirl on in-cylinder heat transfer in a light-duty diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 1010-1023.
    12. Sattar Jabbar Murad Algayyim & Andrew P. Wandel & Talal Yusaf, 2018. "The Impact of Injector Hole Diameter on Spray Behaviour for Butanol-Diesel Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-12, May.
    13. Costa, M. & Marchitto, L. & Merola, S.S. & Sorge, U., 2014. "Study of mixture formation and early flame development in a research GDI (gasoline direct injection) engine through numerical simulation and UV-digital imaging," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 88-96.
    14. Pastor, J.V. & Bermúdez, V. & García-Oliver, J.M. & Ramírez-Hernández, J.G., 2011. "Influence of spray-glow plug configuration on cold start combustion for high-speed direct injection diesel engines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(9), pages 5486-5496.
    15. Chintala, Venkateswarlu & Subramanian, K.A., 2013. "A CFD (computational fluid dynamics) study for optimization of gas injector orientation for performance improvement of a dual-fuel diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 709-721.
    16. Ma, Xiao & Xu, Hongming & Jiang, Changzhao & Shuai, Shijin, 2014. "Ultra-high speed imaging and OH-LIF study of DMF and MF combustion in a DISI optical engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 247-260.
    17. V. G. Kamaltdinov & V. A. Markov & I. O. Lysov & A. A. Zherdev & V. V. Furman, 2019. "Experimental Studies of Fuel Injection in a Diesel Engine with an Inclined Injector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-18, July.
    18. Giakoumis, Evangelos G. & Dimaratos, Athanasios M. & Rakopoulos, Constantine D., 2011. "Experimental study of combustion noise radiation during transient turbocharged diesel engine operation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(8), pages 4983-4995.
    19. Huang, Weidi & Wu, Zhijun & Gao, Ya & Zhang, Lin, 2015. "Effect of shock waves on the evolution of high-pressure fuel jets," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 442-448.
    20. Lei, Yan & Liu, Jiaxing & Qiu, Tao & Mi, Jianchun & Liu, Xianwu & Zhao, Ning & Peng, Guangyu, 2019. "Effect of injection dynamic behavior on fuel spray penetration of common-rail injector," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    21. Zhai, Chang & Liu, Erwei & Zhang, Gengxin & Xing, Wenjing & Chang, Feixiang & Jin, Yu & Luo, Hongliang & Nishida, Keiya & Ogata, Yoichi, 2024. "Similarity and normalization study of fuel spray and combustion under ultra-high injection pressure and micro-hole diameter conditions–spray characteristics," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    22. Park, Cheolwoong & Kim, Sungdae & Kim, Hongsuk & Moriyoshi, Yasuo, 2012. "Stratified lean combustion characteristics of a spray-guided combustion system in a gasoline direct injection engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 401-407.
    23. Wang, Haiou & Luo, Kun & Fan, Jianren, 2012. "Direct numerical simulation and CMC (conditional moment closure) sub-model validation of spray combustion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 606-617.
    24. Muteeb Ul Haq & Ali Turab Jafry & Saad Ahmad & Taqi Ahmad Cheema & Munib Qasim Ansari & Naseem Abbas, 2022. "Recent Advances in Fuel Additives and Their Spray Characteristics for Diesel-Based Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-30, October.
    25. Zhang, Zheng & Liu, Fushui & Wang, Pei & Hu, Ruo & Sun, Baigang, 2017. "Methodology to parametric design of cam profile for electronic unit pump," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 170-183.

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