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CO2 emission balances for different black liquor gasification biorefinery concepts for production of electricity or second-generation liquid biofuels

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  • Pettersson, Karin
  • Harvey, Simon

Abstract

Black liquor gasification (BLG) is currently being developed as an alternative technology for energy and chemical recovery at chemical pulp mills. This study examines how different assumptions regarding systems surrounding the pulp mill affect the CO2 emission balances for different BLG concepts. The syngas from the gasification process can be used for different applications; this study considers production of renewable motor fuels and electricity generation. Both a market pulp mill and an integrated pulp and paper mill are considered as host mill for the BLG plant. Furthermore, the consequences of limited availability of biomass are shown, i.e., increasing the use of biomass in a mill is not necessarily CO2-neutral. The results show that the potential to reduce CO2 emissions by introducing BLG is generally much higher for a market pulp mill than for an integrated pulp and paper mill. Electricity generation from the syngas is favoured when assuming high grid electricity CO2 emissions where as motor fuel production is favoured when assuming low grid electricity CO2 emissions. When considering the consequences of limited availability of biomass, the CO2 emission balances are strongly affected, in some cases changing the results from a decrease to an increase of the CO2 emissions.

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  • Pettersson, Karin & Harvey, Simon, 2010. "CO2 emission balances for different black liquor gasification biorefinery concepts for production of electricity or second-generation liquid biofuels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 1101-1106.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:35:y:2010:i:2:p:1101-1106
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2009.06.003
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Andersson, E. & Harvey, S., 2006. "System analysis of hydrogen production from gasified black liquor," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(15), pages 3426-3434.
    2. Eriksson, H. & Harvey, S., 2004. "Black liquor gasification—consequences for both industry and society," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 29(4), pages 581-612.
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    Cited by:

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    3. Isaksson, Johan & Pettersson, Karin & Mahmoudkhani, Maryam & Åsblad, Anders & Berntsson, Thore, 2012. "Integration of biomass gasification with a Scandinavian mechanical pulp and paper mill – Consequences for mass and energy balances and global CO2 emissions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 44(1), pages 420-428.
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    5. Guo, Da-liang & Wu, Shu-bin & Liu, Bei & Yin, Xiu-li & Yang, Qing, 2012. "Catalytic effects of NaOH and Na2CO3 additives on alkali lignin pyrolysis and gasification," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 22-30.
    6. Akbari, Maryam & Oyedun, Adetoyese Olajire & Kumar, Amit, 2018. "Ammonia production from black liquor gasification and co-gasification with pulp and waste sludges: A techno-economic assessment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 133-143.
    7. Nong, Guangzai & Huang, Lijie & Mo, Haitao & Wang, Shuangfei, 2013. "Investigate the variability of gas compositions and thermal efficiency of bagasse black liquor gasification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 178-181.
    8. Soualhi, Moncef & El Koujok, Mohamed & Nguyen, Khanh T.P. & Medjaher, Kamal & Ragab, Ahmed & Ghezzaz, Hakim & Amazouz, Mouloud & Ouali, Mohamed-Salah, 2021. "Adaptive prognostics in a controlled energy conversion process based on long- and short-term predictors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    9. Joelsson, Jonas & Gustavsson, Leif, 2012. "Swedish biomass strategies to reduce CO2 emission and oil use in an EU context," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 43(1), pages 448-468.
    10. Pettersson, Karin & Harvey, Simon, 2012. "Comparison of black liquor gasification with other pulping biorefinery concepts – Systems analysis of economic performance and CO2 emissions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 136-153.
    11. Clausen, Lasse R. & Elmegaard, Brian & Houbak, Niels, 2010. "Technoeconomic analysis of a low CO2 emission dimethyl ether (DME) plant based on gasification of torrefied biomass," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 4831-4842.
    12. Johansson, Daniella & Franck, Per-Åke & Berntsson, Thore, 2012. "Hydrogen production from biomass gasification in the oil refining industry – A system analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 38(1), pages 212-227.
    13. Joelsson, Jonas M. & Gustavsson, Leif, 2012. "Reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and oil use by DME (di-methyl ether) and FT (Fischer-Tropsch) diesel production in chemical pulp mills," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 363-374.
    14. Clausen, Lasse R. & Elmegaard, Brian & Ahrenfeldt, Jesper & Henriksen, Ulrik, 2011. "Thermodynamic analysis of small-scale dimethyl ether (DME) and methanol plants based on the efficient two-stage gasifier," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(10), pages 5805-5814.
    15. Lyrio de Oliveira, Lucas & García Kerdan, Iván & de Oliveira Ribeiro, Celma & Oller do Nascimento, Claudio Augusto & Rego, Erik Eduardo & Giarola, Sara & Hawkes, Adam, 2020. "Modelling the technical potential of bioelectricity production under land use constraints: A multi-region Brazil case study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    16. Kudakasseril Kurian, Jiby & Raveendran Nair, Gopu & Hussain, Abid & Vijaya Raghavan, G.S., 2013. "Feedstocks, logistics and pre-treatment processes for sustainable lignocellulosic biorefineries: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 205-219.
    17. Svensson, Elin & Berntsson, Thore, 2014. "The effect of long lead times for planning of energy efficiency and biorefinery technologies at a pulp mill," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 12-16.
    18. Jönsson, Johanna & Berntsson, Thore, 2012. "Analysing the potential for implementation of CCS within the European pulp and paper industry," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 44(1), pages 641-648.
    19. Cherubini, Francesco & Strømman, Anders Hammer & Ulgiati, Sergio, 2011. "Influence of allocation methods on the environmental performance of biorefinery products—A case study," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 55(11), pages 1070-1077.
    20. Cao, Changqing & Guo, Liejin & Jin, Hui & Cao, Wen & Jia, Yi & Yao, Xiangdong, 2017. "System analysis of pulping process coupled with supercritical water gasification of black liquor for combined hydrogen, heat and power production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 238-247.

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