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A novel energy management strategy for hybrid electric bus with fuel cell health and battery thermal- and health-constrained awareness

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  • Jia, Chunchun
  • Zhou, Jiaming
  • He, Hongwen
  • Li, Jianwei
  • Wei, Zhongbao
  • Li, Kunang
  • Shi, Man

Abstract

In the field of future transportation, hydrogen fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles (FCHEVs) are regarded as the most potential renewable energy vehicles, but improper use of the Lithium-ion battery (LIB) system and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system (PEMFCS), during vehicle operation, can significantly increase the maintenance costs of the vehicle. In order to fully utilize the economic potential of FCHEVs, a novel cost-minimization energy management strategy (EMS) is proposed in this paper. Specifically, for the first time, thermal safety and degradation awareness for on-board LIB system are integrated into the optimization framework with fuel cell aging suppression to trade-off energy sources durability and hydrogen mass consumption. In addition, an enhanced online self-learning stochastic Markov predictor is proposed in the speed prediction stage to improve the prediction accuracy for future driving conditions. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by comparison. The results show that the proposed strategy can reduce the battery aging rate by 34.8% and the total operating cost by 12.3% compared to the overheat-protection neglecting strategy.

Suggested Citation

  • Jia, Chunchun & Zhou, Jiaming & He, Hongwen & Li, Jianwei & Wei, Zhongbao & Li, Kunang & Shi, Man, 2023. "A novel energy management strategy for hybrid electric bus with fuel cell health and battery thermal- and health-constrained awareness," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 271(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:271:y:2023:i:c:s0360544223004991
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2023.127105
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    4. Jia, Chunchun & Li, Kunang & He, Hongwen & Zhou, Jiaming & Li, Jianwei & Wei, Zhongbao, 2023. "Health-aware energy management strategy for fuel cell hybrid bus considering air-conditioning control based on TD3 algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    5. Kun He & Dongchen Qin & Jiangyi Chen & Tingting Wang & Hongxia Wu & Peizhuo Wang, 2023. "Adaptive Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy for Fuel Cell Buses Based on Driving Style Recognition," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-17, May.
    6. Hongqing Chu & Zongxuan Li & Jialin Wang & Jinlong Hong, 2023. "Fuel-Saving-Oriented Collaborative Driving Strategy for Commercial Vehicles Based on Driving Style Recognition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-21, August.
    7. Jia, Chunchun & He, Hongwen & Zhou, Jiaming & Li, Jianwei & Wei, Zhongbao & Li, Kunang, 2024. "Learning-based model predictive energy management for fuel cell hybrid electric bus with health-aware control," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 355(C).
    8. Wu, Jingda & Huang, Chao & He, Hongwen & Huang, Hailong, 2024. "Confidence-aware reinforcement learning for energy management of electrified vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    9. Dapai Shi & Junjie Guo & Kangjie Liu & Qingling Cai & Zhenghong Wang & Xudong Qu, 2023. "Research on an Improved Rule-Based Energy Management Strategy Enlightened by the DP Optimization Results," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-13, July.
    10. Jia, Chunchun & He, Hongwen & Zhou, Jiaming & Li, Jianwei & Wei, Zhongbao & Li, Kunang, 2023. "A novel health-aware deep reinforcement learning energy management for fuel cell bus incorporating offline high-quality experience," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    11. Jia, Chunchun & Zhou, Jiaming & He, Hongwen & Li, Jianwei & Wei, Zhongbao & Li, Kunang, 2024. "Health-conscious deep reinforcement learning energy management for fuel cell buses integrating environmental and look-ahead road information," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    12. Liviu I. Scurtu & Ioan Szabo & Marius Gheres, 2023. "Numerical Analysis of Crashworthiness on Electric Vehicle’s Battery Case with Auxetic Structure," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-18, August.
    13. Zhiming Zhang & Chenfu Quan & Sai Wu & Tong Zhang & Jinming Zhang, 2024. "An Electrochemical Performance Model Considering of Non-Uniform Gas Distribution Based on Porous Media Method in PEMFC Stack," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-19, January.
    14. Zhiming Zhang & Alexander Rex & Jiaming Zhou & Xinfeng Zhang & Gangqiang Huang & Jinming Zhang & Tong Zhang, 2023. "Dynamic Simulation Model and Experimental Validation of One Passive Fuel Cell–Battery Hybrid Powertrain for an Electric Light Scooter," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-19, September.
    15. Kunang Li & Chunchun Jia & Xuefeng Han & Hongwen He, 2023. "A Novel Minimal-Cost Power Allocation Strategy for Fuel Cell Hybrid Buses Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning Algorithms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-15, May.
    16. Xu Wang & Ying Huang & Jian Wang, 2023. "Study on Driver-Oriented Energy Management Strategy for Hybrid Heavy-Duty Off-Road Vehicles under Aggressive Transient Operating Condition," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-25, May.
    17. Ramesh Kumar Chidambaram & Dipankar Chatterjee & Barnali Barman & Partha Pratim Das & Dawid Taler & Jan Taler & Tomasz Sobota, 2023. "Effect of Regenerative Braking on Battery Life," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-24, July.
    18. Marek Guzek & Jerzy Jackowski & Rafał S. Jurecki & Emilia M. Szumska & Piotr Zdanowicz & Marcin Żmuda, 2024. "Electric Vehicles—An Overview of Current Issues—Part 1—Environmental Impact, Source of Energy, Recycling, and Second Life of Battery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-25, January.
    19. Lu, Dagang & Yi, Fengyan & Hu, Donghai & Li, Jianwei & Yang, Qingqing & Wang, Jing, 2023. "Online optimization of energy management strategy for FCV control parameters considering dual power source lifespan decay synergy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 348(C).

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