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Effects of temperature on the performance of fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles: A review

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  • Song, Zhen
  • Pan, Yue
  • Chen, Huicui
  • Zhang, Tong

Abstract

Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles powered by fuel cell and lithium-ion battery have been considered as an attractive and potential candidate in place of internal combustion vehicles with the advantage of high energy density and energy conversion efficiency, and have become a configuration of interest of many researchers in recent years. Energy management and thermal management are critical issues for steady output power of fuel cell hybrid power system. However, most of the research on energy management and temperature control of fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles is mutually independent. From the literatures, it is observed that existing energy management strategies without integration of fuel cell or battery’s temperature dimension are more or less incapable to perform very well. This paper focuses on reviewing the temperature effects on energy management strategies for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles. To do this, temperature effects on the performance of lithium-ion battery and proton exchange membrane fuel cell are summarized respectively at first. Then, energy management in combination with thermal management of hybrid electric vehicles and fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles are analyzed and summarized in detail. It is indicated that the solution of power distribution considering temperature effects is a significant way to improve the efficiency and service life of fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles compared to the energy management strategy without considering temperature effects. Based on the above analysis, future suggestions of EMS designing are prospected in order to achieve better performance for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles.

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  • Song, Zhen & Pan, Yue & Chen, Huicui & Zhang, Tong, 2021. "Effects of temperature on the performance of fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 302(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:302:y:2021:i:c:s0306261921009508
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117572
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    6. Jia, Chunchun & Zhou, Jiaming & He, Hongwen & Li, Jianwei & Wei, Zhongbao & Li, Kunang & Shi, Man, 2023. "A novel energy management strategy for hybrid electric bus with fuel cell health and battery thermal- and health-constrained awareness," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 271(C).
    7. Ćalasan, Martin & Micev, Mihailo & Hasanien, Hany M. & Abdel Aleem, Shady H.E., 2024. "PEM fuel cells: Two novel approaches for mathematical modeling and parameter estimation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    8. Ćalasan, Martin & Abdel Aleem, Shady H.E. & Hasanien, Hany M. & Alaas, Zuhair M. & Ali, Ziad M., 2023. "An innovative approach for mathematical modeling and parameter estimation of PEM fuel cells based on iterative Lambert W function," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    9. Chen, Fengxiang & Pei, Yaowang & Jiao, Jieran & Chi, Xuncheng & Hou, Zhongjun, 2023. "Energy flow and thermal voltage analysis of water-cooled PEMFC stack under normal operating conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    10. Zou, Weitao & Li, Jianwei & Yang, Qingqing & Wan, Xinming & He, Yuntang & Lan, Hao, 2023. "A real-time energy management approach with fuel cell and battery competition-synergy control for the fuel cell vehicle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 334(C).
    11. Zhao, Junjie & Chang, Huawei & Luo, Xiaobing & Tu, Zhengkai & Chan, Siew Hwa, 2022. "Dynamic analysis of a CCHP system based on fuel cells integrated with methanol-reforming and dehumidification for data centers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 309(C).
    12. Pei, Yaowang & Chen, Fengxiang & Jiao, Jieran & Ye, Huan & Zhang, Caizhi & Jiang, Xiaojie, 2024. "Fuel cell temperature control based on nonlinear transformation mitigating system nonlinearity," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    13. Zhaowen Liang & Kai Liu & Jinjin Huang & Enfei Zhou & Chao Wang & Hui Wang & Qiong Huang & Zhenpo Wang, 2022. "Powertrain Design and Energy Management Strategy Optimization for a Fuel Cell Electric Intercity Coach in an Extremely Cold Mountain Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-16, September.
    14. Aissa Benhammou & Mohammed Amine Hartani & Hamza Tedjini & Hegazy Rezk & Mujahed Al-Dhaifallah, 2023. "Improvement of Autonomy, Efficiency, and Stress of Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicle System Using Robust Controller," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-21, March.
    15. Anselma, Pier Giuseppe & Belingardi, Giovanni, 2022. "Fuel cell electrified propulsion systems for long-haul heavy-duty trucks: present and future cost-oriented sizing," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    16. Tang, Xingwang & Zhang, Yujia & Xu, Sichuan, 2023. "Experimental study of PEM fuel cell temperature characteristic and corresponding automated optimal temperature calibration model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    17. Huang, Xuejin & Zhang, Jingyi & Ou, Kai & Huang, Yin & Kang, Zehao & Mao, Xuping & Zhou, Yujie & Xuan, Dongji, 2024. "Deep reinforcement learning-based health-conscious energy management for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles in model predictive control framework," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).

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