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A review on energy piles design, sizing and modelling

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  • Fadejev, Jevgeni
  • Simson, Raimo
  • Kurnitski, Jarek
  • Haghighat, Fariborz

Abstract

Boreholes and energy piles coupled with ground source heat pump plants utilize renewable geothermal energy for buildings heating and cooling purposes and need proper design and sizing in order to end up with high plant efficiency. This paper conducted a review of available scientific literature, design standards and guidelines on energy piles performance within the framework of the IEA-ECES Annex 31. Main aspects covered were typical plant solutions, configurations of energy piles and their thermal response test performance, available analytical and numerical models with their main features and application in commercial software and design manuals. Four typical fundamental schemes of geothermal plant with energy piles were found, both suitable for cold and hot climate applications. Properly sized heat pump systems with energy piles were characterized with high overall system SCOP values higher than 4.5, while some case studies reported two times smaller SCOP values that illustrates the effect of proper design and sizing of such systems. The lack of specific heat extraction values which could be determined based on the climate and energy pile application show the need to develop general procedures for early stage energy pile sizing that would allow quick estimates of the heat extraction/rejection potential and system performance with reasonable accuracy for conceptual design. Most of available software is borehole oriented and will fit for energy piles sizing if software supports variable ground surface temperature boundary conditions, which, however is not implemented in most of software packages. Expected software features to be implemented are water advection and multiregional surface boundary heat transfer.

Suggested Citation

  • Fadejev, Jevgeni & Simson, Raimo & Kurnitski, Jarek & Haghighat, Fariborz, 2017. "A review on energy piles design, sizing and modelling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 390-407.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:122:y:2017:i:c:p:390-407
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.01.097
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    7. Romanov, D. & Leiss, B., 2022. "Geothermal energy at different depths for district heating and cooling of existing and future building stock," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
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    9. Luka Boban & Dino Miše & Stjepan Herceg & Vladimir Soldo, 2021. "Application and Design Aspects of Ground Heat Exchangers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-31, April.
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    13. Alberdi-Pagola, Maria & Poulsen, Søren Erbs & Jensen, Rasmus Lund & Madsen, Søren, 2020. "A case study of the sizing and optimisation of an energy pile foundation (Rosborg, Denmark)," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P2), pages 2724-2735.
    14. Ai, Zhi Yong & Feng, Wei Yong, 2024. "The mechanical response of energy pile groups in layered cross-anisotropic soils under vertical loadings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    15. Jinli Xie & Yinghong Qin, 2021. "Heat Transfer and Bearing Characteristics of Energy Piles: Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-15, October.
    16. She, Xiaohui & Cong, Lin & Nie, Binjian & Leng, Guanghui & Peng, Hao & Chen, Yi & Zhang, Xiaosong & Wen, Tao & Yang, Hongxing & Luo, Yimo, 2018. "Energy-efficient and -economic technologies for air conditioning with vapor compression refrigeration: A comprehensive review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C), pages 157-186.
    17. Rotta Loria, Alessandro F., 2021. "The thermal energy storage potential of underground tunnels used as heat exchangers," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 214-227.
    18. Ai, Zhi Yong & Ye, Jia Ming, 2023. "Thermo-mechanical analysis of energy piled raft foundations in layered cross-anisotropic soils," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(P2).
    19. Marco Belliardi & Nerio Cereghetti & Paola Caputo & Simone Ferrari, 2021. "A Method to Analyze the Performance of Geocooling Systems with Borehole Heat Exchangers. Results in a Monitored Residential Building in Southern Alps," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-18, November.
    20. Zhao, Qiang & Chen, Baoming & Tian, Maocheng & Liu, Fang, 2018. "Investigation on the thermal behavior of energy piles and borehole heat exchangers: A case study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 787-797.
    21. Paula Sankelo & Kaiser Ahmed & Alo Mikola & Jarek Kurnitski, 2022. "Renovation Results of Finnish Single-Family Renovation Subsidies: Oil Boiler Replacement with Heat Pumps," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-18, October.
    22. Sani, Abubakar Kawuwa & Singh, Rao Martand & Amis, Tony & Cavarretta, Ignazio, 2019. "A review on the performance of geothermal energy pile foundation, its design process and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 54-78.
    23. Andrea Ferrantelli & Jevgeni Fadejev & Jarek Kurnitski, 2019. "Energy Pile Field Simulation in Large Buildings: Validation of Surface Boundary Assumptions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-20, February.

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