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Enabling strategies of electric vehicles for under frequency load shedding

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  • Liu, Hui
  • Wang, Bin
  • Wang, Ni
  • Wu, Qiuwei
  • Yang, Yude
  • Wei, Hua
  • Li, Canbing

Abstract

Due to large-scale integration of renewable energy sources into the power grid and the increasing requirements of customers for power quality, under frequency load shedding (UFLS) faces a challenge in ensuring power supply reliability. Large-scale electric vehicles (EVs) as distributed energy storage resources can provide the powerful potential for UFLS to deal with this challenge. In this paper, enabling strategies of EVs are proposed for UFLS to enhance frequency stability and simultaneously reduce power outages, where a hierarchical framework consisting of the control center (CC), EV charging stations (EVCS), and EV terminals (EVT) is developed to implement EVs’ participation in UFLS. In the EVCS, the capacity of EVs is calculated based on EV information from the EVT and uploaded to the CC, and at the same time, the dispatch from the CC is distributed among EVs in the EVCS and sent to the EVT. With the proposed strategies, load shedding can be compensated by the vehicle-to-grid power of EVs to reduce power supply interruptions as much as possible. Simulations on the IEEE 9-bus power system have shown the effectiveness of the proposed approach in reducing power outages and enhancing frequency stability.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Hui & Wang, Bin & Wang, Ni & Wu, Qiuwei & Yang, Yude & Wei, Hua & Li, Canbing, 2018. "Enabling strategies of electric vehicles for under frequency load shedding," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 843-851.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:228:y:2018:i:c:p:843-851
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.06.122
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. He, Deqiang & Yang, Yanjie & Chen, Yanjun & Deng, Jianxin & Shan, Sheng & Liu, Jianren & Li, Xianwang, 2020. "An integrated optimization model of metro energy consumption based on regenerative energy and passenger transfer," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    3. Xiao, Jucheng & He, Guangyu & Fan, Shuai & Zhang, Siyuan & Wu, Qing & Li, Zuyi, 2020. "Decentralized transfer of contingency reserve: Framework and methodology," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    4. Luo, Zhiqiang & Liu, Hui & Wang, Ni & Zhao, Teyang & Tian, Jiarui, 2024. "Optimal adaptive decentralized under-frequency load shedding for islanded smart distribution network considering wind power uncertainty," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 365(C).
    5. Bao, Yi & Xu, Jian & Feng, Wei & Sun, Yuanzhang & Liao, Siyang & Yin, Rongxin & Jiang, Yazhou & Jin, Ming & Marnay, Chris, 2019. "Provision of secondary frequency regulation by coordinated dispatch of industrial loads and thermal power plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 241(C), pages 302-312.
    6. Talaat, M. & Hatata, A.Y. & Alsayyari, Abdulaziz S. & Alblawi, Adel, 2020. "A smart load management system based on the grasshopper optimization algorithm using the under-frequency load shedding approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).

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