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Coordination of Heat Pumps, Electric Vehicles and AGC for Efficient LFC in a Smart Hybrid Power System via SCA-Based Optimized FOPID Controllers

Author

Listed:
  • Rahmat Khezri

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 6617715177, Iran)

  • Arman Oshnoei

    (Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran)

  • Mehrdad Tarafdar Hagh

    (Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
    Engineering Faculty, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, Cyprus)

  • SM Muyeen

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia)

Abstract

Due to the high price of fossil fuels, the increased carbon footprint in conventional generation units and the intermittent functionality of renewable units, alternative sources must contribute to the load frequency control (LFC) of the power system. To tackle the challenge, dealing with controllable loads, the ongoing study aims at efficient LFC in smart hybrid power systems. To achieve this goal, heat pumps (HPs) and electric vehicles (EVs) are selected as the most effective controllable loads to contribute to the LFC issue. In this regard, the EVs can be controlled in a bidirectional manner as known charging and discharging states under a smart structure. In addition, regarding the HPs, the power consumption is controllable. As the main task, this paper proposes a fractional order proportional integral differential (FOPID) controller for coordinated control of power consumption in HPs, the discharging state in EVs and automatic generation control (AGC). The parameters of the FOPID controllers are optimized simultaneously by the sine cosine algorithm (SCA), which is a new method for optimization problems. In the sequel, four scenarios, including step and random load changes, aggregated intermittent generated power from wind turbines, a random load change scenario and a sensitivity analysis scenario, are selected to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed SCA-based FOPID controllers in a hybrid two-area power system.

Suggested Citation

  • Rahmat Khezri & Arman Oshnoei & Mehrdad Tarafdar Hagh & SM Muyeen, 2018. "Coordination of Heat Pumps, Electric Vehicles and AGC for Efficient LFC in a Smart Hybrid Power System via SCA-Based Optimized FOPID Controllers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-21, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:2:p:420-:d:131476
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Mahdi Saadatmand & Gevork B. Gharehpetian & Innocent Kamwa & Pierluigi Siano & Josep M. Guerrero & Hassan Haes Alhelou, 2021. "A Survey on FOPID Controllers for LFO Damping in Power Systems Using Synchronous Generators, FACTS Devices and Inverter-Based Power Plants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-26, September.
    4. Omid Sadeghian & Arash Moradzadeh & Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo & Mehdi Abapour & Fausto Pedro Garcia Marquez, 2020. "Generation Units Maintenance in Combined Heat and Power Integrated Systems Using the Mixed Integer Quadratic Programming Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-25, June.
    5. Adlan Pradana & Mejbaul Haque & Mithulanathan Nadarajah, 2023. "Control Strategies of Electric Vehicles Participating in Ancillary Services: A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-36, February.
    6. Faisal R. Badal & Zannatun Nayem & Subrata K. Sarker & Dristi Datta & Shahriar Rahman Fahim & S. M. Muyeen & Md. Rafiqul Islam Sheikh & Sajal K. Das, 2021. "A Novel Intrusion Mitigation Unit for Interconnected Power Systems in Frequency Regulation to Enhance Cybersecurity," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-18, March.
    7. Akram Belazi & Héctor Migallón & Daniel Gónzalez-Sánchez & Jorge Gónzalez-García & Antonio Jimeno-Morenilla & José-Luis Sánchez-Romero, 2022. "Enhanced Parallel Sine Cosine Algorithm for Constrained and Unconstrained Optimization," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-47, April.
    8. Arman Oshnoei & Rahmat Khezri & S. M. Muyeen, 2019. "Model Predictive-Based Secondary Frequency Control Considering Heat Pump Water Heaters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-18, January.
    9. Héctor Migallón & Akram Belazi & José-Luis Sánchez-Romero & Héctor Rico & Antonio Jimeno-Morenilla, 2020. "Settings-Free Hybrid Metaheuristic General Optimization Methods," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(7), pages 1-25, July.
    10. Kaleem Ullah & Abdul Basit & Zahid Ullah & Fahad R. Albogamy & Ghulam Hafeez, 2022. "Automatic Generation Control in Modern Power Systems with Wind Power and Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-24, February.
    11. Oshnoei, Arman & Kheradmandi, Morteza & Blaabjerg, Frede & Hatziargyriou, Nikos D. & Muyeen, S.M. & Anvari-Moghaddam, Amjad, 2022. "Coordinated control scheme for provision of frequency regulation service by virtual power plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 325(C).

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