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A novel high-energy-density positive electrolyte with multiple redox couples for redox flow batteries

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  • Wu, Maochun
  • Liu, Mingyao
  • Long, Guifa
  • Wan, Kai
  • Liang, Zhenxing
  • Zhao, Tim S.

Abstract

Low energy density resulting from the limited solubility of conventional electroactive species in electrolyte solutions has been one of the most critical barriers in the viability of redox flow batteries. Here we report a novel positive electrolyte that consists of two redox couples, viz. Fe3+/Fe2+ and Br2/Br−. It is shown that both the capacity and energy density of this positive electrolyte are, respectively, as high as 804AhL−1 and 827WhL−1. Salient findings from the electrochemical characterizations of the electrolyte are as follows: (i) the two redox couples are reversible on the graphite electrode, in particular the presence of Br− further improves the reversibility of Fe3+/Fe2+; (ii) the anodic peak current in the cyclic voltammetry increases linearly with the concentration of Fe2+ and Br−, indicating that the oxidation of these ions follows a first-order reaction; (iii) the diffusion coefficients of Br− and Fe2+ are 14.16×10−6 and 3.11×10−6cm2s−1, respectively; and (iv) the reversibility and mass transfer of the reactive species improves with an increase in temperature.

Suggested Citation

  • Wu, Maochun & Liu, Mingyao & Long, Guifa & Wan, Kai & Liang, Zhenxing & Zhao, Tim S., 2014. "A novel high-energy-density positive electrolyte with multiple redox couples for redox flow batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 576-581.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:136:y:2014:i:c:p:576-581
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.09.076
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Flox, Cristina & Skoumal, Marcel & Rubio-Garcia, Javier & Andreu, Teresa & Morante, Juan Ramón, 2013. "Strategies for enhancing electrochemical activity of carbon-based electrodes for all-vanadium redox flow batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 344-351.
    2. Wei, Zhongbao & Zhao, Jiyun & Xiong, Binyu, 2014. "Dynamic electro-thermal modeling of all-vanadium redox flow battery with forced cooling strategies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 1-10.
    3. Xu, Q. & Zhao, T.S. & Zhang, C., 2014. "Effects of SOC-dependent electrolyte viscosity on performance of vanadium redox flow batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 139-147.
    4. Xiong, Fengjiao & Zhou, Debi & Xie, Zhipeng & Chen, Yunyang, 2012. "A study of the Ce3+/Ce4+ redox couple in sulfamic acid for redox battery application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 291-296.
    5. Di Blasi, A. & Briguglio, N. & Di Blasi, O. & Antonucci, V., 2014. "Charge–discharge performance of carbon fiber-based electrodes in single cell and short stack for vanadium redox flow battery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 114-122.
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    1. Messaggi, M. & Canzi, P. & Mereu, R. & Baricci, A. & Inzoli, F. & Casalegno, A. & Zago, M., 2018. "Analysis of flow field design on vanadium redox flow battery performance: Development of 3D computational fluid dynamic model and experimental validation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 1057-1070.
    2. Wei, L. & Zhao, T.S. & Zhao, G. & An, L. & Zeng, L., 2016. "A high-performance carbon nanoparticle-decorated graphite felt electrode for vanadium redox flow batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 74-79.
    3. Souentie, Stamatios & Amr, Issam & Alsuhaibani, Abdulrahman & Almazroei, Essa & Hammad, Ahmad D., 2017. "Temperature, charging current and state of charge effects on iron-vanadium flow batteries operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 568-576.
    4. Wei, L. & Zhao, T.S. & Zeng, L. & Zhou, X.L. & Zeng, Y.K., 2016. "Copper nanoparticle-deposited graphite felt electrodes for all vanadium redox flow batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 386-391.
    5. Zhou, X.L. & Zhao, T.S. & An, L. & Zeng, Y.K. & Zhu, X.B., 2016. "Performance of a vanadium redox flow battery with a VANADion membrane," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 353-359.

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