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Politischer Handlungsspielraum zur optimalen Nutzung der Vorteile der Digitalisierung für Wirtschaftswachstum, Beschäftigung und Wohlstand

Author

Listed:
  • Julia Bock-Schappelwein
  • Michael Böheim

    (WIFO)

  • Elisabeth Christen

    (WIFO)

  • Stefan Ederer
  • Matthias Firgo
  • Klaus Friesenbichler
  • Werner Hölzl
  • Mathias Kirchner

    (WIFO)

  • Angela Köppl
  • Agnes Kügler
  • Christine Mayrhuber

    (WIFO)

  • Philipp Piribauer

    (WIFO)

  • Margit Schratzenstaller-Altzinger

Abstract

Digitale Technologien stellen bestehende Marktmechanismen, wirtschaftspolitische Instrumente, Strukturen sowie ökonomische und soziale Interaktionen grundlegend in Frage. Während auf traditionellen Märkten den Preisen von Gütern und Dienstleistungen die zentrale Allokationsfunktion zukommt, wird der Konnex zwischen Preis und Wert in der datengetriebenen Ökonomie weitgehend aufgelöst. Die Ursache dafür liegt in der spezifischen Kostenstruktur, die durch hohe Fixkosten bei gleichzeitig äußert niedrigen Grenzkosten (nahe Null) gekennzeichnet ist. Diese Kostenstruktur begünstigt die monetär (fast) kostenlose Skalierung digitaler Produkte und Dienstleistungen auf "Plattformmärkten". In der digitalen Ökonomie bildet die Verfügungsmacht über Daten den entscheidenden Wettbewerbsfaktor. Im Extremfall entstehen daraus (natürliche) Monopole. Auf der Grundlage von sechs Themenfeldanalysen (Makroökonomie, Öffentlicher Sektor, Wettbewerb, Raum, Soziale Sicherheit, Umwelt und Energie) werden die Erkenntnisse zu drei Metahypothesen verdichtet, die den Handlungsspielraum zur optimalen Nutzung der Vorteile der Digitalisierung für Wirtschaftswachstum, Beschäftigung und Wohlstand abstecken: 1. Die "neue" Ökonomie ist eine Ökonomie digitaler Daten ("Digitalismus"). 2. Vorhandene Strukturen brechen auf ("Strukturbruch"). 3. Neue Strukturen manifestieren sich in Extremen ("Polarisierung").

Suggested Citation

  • Julia Bock-Schappelwein & Michael Böheim & Elisabeth Christen & Stefan Ederer & Matthias Firgo & Klaus Friesenbichler & Werner Hölzl & Mathias Kirchner & Angela Köppl & Agnes Kügler & Christine Mayrhu, 2018. "Politischer Handlungsspielraum zur optimalen Nutzung der Vorteile der Digitalisierung für Wirtschaftswachstum, Beschäftigung und Wohlstand," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 61256.
    • Handle: RePEc:wfo:wstudy:61256
    Note: With English abstract.
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    1. Susanne Bärenthaler-Sieber & Michael Böheim, 2018. "Breitbandstrategie und Breitbandförderung in Österreich. Ergebnisse aus der Evaluierung der ersten Phase des Subventionsprogrammes der Bundesregierung," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 91(11), pages 813-821, November.
    2. Julia Bock-Schappelwein & Klaus Friesenbichler, 2019. "Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf die Beschäftigung nach Tätigkeitsschwerpunkten in Österreich. Ergebnisse auf Grundlage der unselbständigen Beschäftigung," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 92(9), pages 697-705, September.
    3. Michael Peneder & Matthias Firgo & Gerhard Streicher, 2019. "Digitalisierung in Österreich: eine Standortbestimmung," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 92(6), pages 447-457, June.
    4. Werner Hölzl & Susanne Bärenthaler-Sieber & Julia Bock-Schappelwein & Klaus Friesenbichler & Agnes Kügler & Andreas Reinstaller & Peter Reschenhofer & Bernhard Dachs & Martin Risak, 2019. "Digitalisation in Austria. State of Play and Reform Needs," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 61892.
    5. Michael Peneder & Matthias Firgo & Gerhard Streicher, 2019. "Stand der Digitalisierung in Österreich," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 61654.
    6. N. N., 2018. "WIFO-Monatsberichte, Heft 11/2018," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 91(11), November.
    7. Matthias Firgo & Julia Bachtrögler & Alexandros Charos & Nicole Schmidt, 2019. "OÖ-DESI 2019 – Digital Economy and Society Index für Oberösterreich," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 66852.
    8. Werner Hölzl, 2019. "Digitalisierung in Österreich: Einleitende Bemerkungen," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 92(9), pages 659-662, September.
    9. Michael Peneder, 2020. "Eine neue Taxonomie zur Gliederung von Branchen nach ihrer IKT-Intensität," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 93(2), pages 111-121, February.

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