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One-person enterprises and the phenomenon of hybrid self-employment: evidence from an empirical study

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  • Dieter Bögenhold

    (Alpen-Adria-University Klagenfurt)

  • Andrea Klinglmair

    (Institute for Advanced Studies Carinthia)

Abstract

The complex interaction of technological development and socio-demographic change has accelerated a structural change in the economy, resulting in a changing working environment and new forms of employment. In the field of self-employment, an emerging trend towards one-person enterprises can be observed, which already represent more than 50 % of all Austrian companies. Based on a representative sample of 626 one-person enterprises in Carinthia, one of the federal countries in Austria, we found out that these micro enterprises are mainly driven by motives like self-realization or working without hierarchies. However, their emergence is also partly due to a lack of opportunities in the (dependent) labour market. Additionally, we found evidence for the phenomenon of hybrid self-employment, meaning that a significant part of the one-person enterprises (nearly 20 %) is additionally engaged in dependent work. The primary aim of this paper was to identify factors influencing these hybrid forms of employment status between dependent work and self-employment. Based on a binary Logit model, we found evidence that the hybrid employment status is mainly determined by age, the educational level, the situation in which the one-person enterprise was founded, the duration of the enterprise as well as the motives for being self-employed.

Suggested Citation

  • Dieter Bögenhold & Andrea Klinglmair, 2017. "One-person enterprises and the phenomenon of hybrid self-employment: evidence from an empirical study," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 44(2), pages 383-404, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:empiri:v:44:y:2017:i:2:d:10.1007_s10663-016-9332-8
    DOI: 10.1007/s10663-016-9332-8
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    Cited by:

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    2. repec:scn:ecprob:y:2018:i:3:p:16-23 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Daniyar T. Baitenizov & Igor N. Dubina & David F. J. Campbell & Elias G. Carayannis & Tolkyn A. Azatbek, 2019. "Freelance as a Creative Mode of Self-employment in a New Economy (a Literature Review)," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 10(1), pages 1-17, March.
    4. Christine Mayrhuber & Julia Bock-Schappelwein, 2018. "Dimensionen plattformbasierter Arbeit in Österreich und Europa. Implikationen für die soziale Sicherheit," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 61667, April.
    5. Christine Mayrhuber & Julia Bock-Schappelwein, 2018. "Digitalisierung und soziale Sicherheit," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 91(12), pages 891-897, December.
    6. Donna Brown & Jonathan Wadsworth, 2022. "Accidents will happen: (de)regulation of health and safety legislation, workplace accidents and self employment," CEP Discussion Papers dp1855, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    7. Julia Bock-Schappelwein & Michael Böheim & Elisabeth Christen & Stefan Ederer & Matthias Firgo & Klaus Friesenbichler & Werner Hölzl & Mathias Kirchner & Angela Köppl & Agnes Kügler & Christine Mayrhu, 2018. "Politischer Handlungsspielraum zur optimalen Nutzung der Vorteile der Digitalisierung für Wirtschaftswachstum, Beschäftigung und Wohlstand," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 61256, April.
    8. Dominika Bak-Grabowska & Anna Cierniak-Emerych & Szymon Dziuba & Katarzyna Grzesik, 2021. "Women Working in Nonstandard Forms of Employment: Meeting Employee Interests," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(3B), pages 299-324.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Micro enterprises; Self-employment; Entrepreneurship; Labour market; Online-survey; Logit model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C13 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Estimation: General
    • C83 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Survey Methods; Sampling Methods
    • J49 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets - - - Other
    • M13 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - New Firms; Startups
    • M20 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Economics - - - General

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