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The Puzzling Pattern of Multiple Job Holding across U.S. Labor Markets

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  • Barry T. Hirsch
  • Muhammad M. Husain
  • John V. Winters

Abstract

Multiple job holding (MJH) rates differ substantially across U.S. regions, states, and metropolitan areas. Rates decrease markedly with respect to labor market size. These patterns have been largely overlooked, despite being relatively fixed over (at least) the past 20 years. This article explores explanations for these persistent differences. We account for roughly two‐thirds of the mean absolute deviation in MJH across local labor markets (MSAs). The results suggest that variation in MJH across labor markets is driven by labor market differences in job opportunities and worker preferences. Most important in explaining variation in MJH are MSA industry and occupation structure, ancestry shares, commute times, and, to a lesser extent, labor market churn.

Suggested Citation

  • Barry T. Hirsch & Muhammad M. Husain & John V. Winters, 2017. "The Puzzling Pattern of Multiple Job Holding across U.S. Labor Markets," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 84(1), pages 26-51, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:soecon:v:84:y:2017:i:1:p:26-51
    DOI: 10.1002/soej.12225
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    2. Meriem Hodge Doucette & W. David Bradford, 2019. "Dual Job Holding and the Gig Economy: Allocation of Effort across Primary and Gig Jobs," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 85(4), pages 1217-1242, April.
    3. Alison Preston & Robert E. Wright, 2020. "Exploring the gender difference in multiple job holding," Industrial Relations Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 51(4), pages 301-328, July.
    4. Gaston Brice Nkoumou Ngoa & Roger Tsafack Nanfosso & Benjamin Fomba Kamga, 2021. "Le recours des professionnels de santé à la pluriactivité dans un pays en développement: Le cas des métropoles du Cameroun," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 33(2), pages 249-262, June.
    5. Etienne Lalé, 2019. "Search and Multiple Jobholding," Upjohn Working Papers 19-305, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
    6. Keith A. Bailey & James R. Spletzer, 2020. "A New Measure of Multiple Jobholding in the U.S. Economy," Working Papers 20-26, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    7. Philipp Lentge, 2022. "Second job holding in Germany – a persistent feature?," Working Paper Series in Economics 416, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.

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