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Partner choice, confounding and trait convergence all contribute to phenotypic partner similarity

Author

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  • Jennifer Sjaarda

    (University Center for Primary Care and Public Health
    University of Lausanne
    Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics)

  • Zoltán Kutalik

    (University Center for Primary Care and Public Health
    University of Lausanne
    Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics)

Abstract

Partners are often similar in terms of their physical and behavioural traits, such as their education, political affiliation and height. However, it is currently unclear what exactly causes this similarity—partner choice, partner influence increasing similarity over time or confounding factors such as shared environment or indirect assortment. Here, we applied Mendelian randomization to the data of 51,664 couples in the UK Biobank and investigated partner similarity in 118 traits. We found evidence of partner choice for 64 traits, 40 of which had larger phenotypic correlation than causal effect. This suggests that confounders contribute to trait similarity, among which household income, overall health rating and education accounted for 29.8, 14.1 and 11.6% of correlations between partners, respectively. Finally, mediation analysis revealed that most causal associations between different traits in the two partners are indirect. In summary, our results show the mechanisms through which indirect assortment increases the observed partner similarity.

Suggested Citation

  • Jennifer Sjaarda & Zoltán Kutalik, 2023. "Partner choice, confounding and trait convergence all contribute to phenotypic partner similarity," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 7(5), pages 776-789, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nathum:v:7:y:2023:i:5:d:10.1038_s41562-022-01500-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41562-022-01500-w
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    1. Tabea Schoeler & Doug Speed & Eleonora Porcu & Nicola Pirastu & Jean-Baptiste Pingault & Zoltán Kutalik, 2023. "Participation bias in the UK Biobank distorts genetic associations and downstream analyses," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 7(7), pages 1216-1227, July.
    2. Hans Fredrik Sunde & Nikolai Haahjem Eftedal & Rosa Cheesman & Elizabeth C. Corfield & Thomas H. Kleppesto & Anne Caroline Seierstad & Eivind Ystrom & Espen Moen Eilertsen & Fartein Ask Torvik, 2024. "Genetic similarity between relatives provides evidence on the presence and history of assortative mating," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.

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