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Effects of Orientations, Aspect Ratios, Pavement Materials and Vegetation Elements on Thermal Stress inside Typical Urban Canyons

Author

Listed:
  • Gabriele Lobaccaro

    (Department of Architecture and Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway)

  • Juan Angel Acero

    (TECNALIA, Energy and Environmental Division, Parque Tecnologico de Bizkaia, Edificio 700, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
    CENSAM, Singapore-MIT Aliance for Reasearch and Tecnology (SMART), 1 Create Way, Singapore #09-03, Singapore)

  • Gerardo Sanchez Martinez

    (Department of Technology, Management and Economics, Technical University of Denmark, Marmorvej 51, Building FN Byen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark)

  • Ales Padro

    (TECNALIA, Energy and Environmental Division, Parque Tecnologico de Bizkaia, Edificio 700, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain)

  • Txomin Laburu

    (TECNALIA, Energy and Environmental Division, Parque Tecnologico de Bizkaia, Edificio 700, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain)

  • German Fernandez

    (TECNALIA, Energy and Environmental Division, Parque Tecnologico de Bizkaia, Edificio 700, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain)

Abstract

The analysis of local climate conditions to test artificial urban boundaries and related climate hazards through modelling tools should become a common practice to inform public authorities about the benefits of planning alternatives. Different finishing materials and sheltering objects within urban canyons (UCs) can be tested, predicted and compared through quantitative and qualitative understanding of the relationships between the microclimatic environment and subjective thermal assessment. This process can work as support planning instrument in the early design phases as has been done in this study that aims to analyze the thermal stress within typical UCs of Bilbao (Spain) in summertime through the evaluation of Physiologically Equivalent Temperature using ENVI-met . The UCs are characterized by different orientations, height-to-width aspect ratios, pavement materials, trees’ dimensions and planting pattern. Firstly, the current situation was analyzed; secondly, the effects of asphalt and red brick stones as streets’ pavement materials were compared; thirdly, the benefits of vegetation elements were tested. The analysis demonstrated that orientation and aspect ratio strongly affect the magnitude and duration of the thermal peaks at pedestrian level; while the vegetation elements improve the thermal comfort up to two thermophysiological assessment classes. The outcomes of this study, were transferred and visualized into green planning recommendations for new and consolidated urban areas in Bilbao.

Suggested Citation

  • Gabriele Lobaccaro & Juan Angel Acero & Gerardo Sanchez Martinez & Ales Padro & Txomin Laburu & German Fernandez, 2019. "Effects of Orientations, Aspect Ratios, Pavement Materials and Vegetation Elements on Thermal Stress inside Typical Urban Canyons," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-29, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:19:p:3574-:d:270349
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Guilhardo Barros Moreira de Carvalho & Luiz Bueno da Silva, 2024. "The microclimate implications of urban form applying computer simulation: systematic literature review," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(10), pages 24687-24726, October.
    2. Ahmed Yasser Abdelmejeed & Dietwald Gruehn, 2024. "Pedestrian Dynamic Thermal Comfort Analysis to Optimize Using Trees in Various Urban Morphologies: A Case Study of Cairo City," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-36, September.
    3. Patryk Antoszewski & Michał Krzyżaniak & Dariusz Świerk, 2022. "The Future of Climate-Resilient and Climate-Neutral City in the Temperate Climate Zone," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-60, April.
    4. Ahmed Yasser Abdelmejeed & Dietwald Gruehn, 2023. "Optimization of Microclimate Conditions Considering Urban Morphology and Trees Using ENVI-Met: A Case Study of Cairo City," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-32, December.
    5. Carlota García Díaz & David Zambrana-Vasquez & Carmen Bartolomé, 2024. "Building Resilient Cities: A Comprehensive Review of Climate Change Adaptation Indicators for Urban Design," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-19, April.

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