IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i7p4365-d787364.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Future of Climate-Resilient and Climate-Neutral City in the Temperate Climate Zone

Author

Listed:
  • Patryk Antoszewski

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, Horticulture, and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dąbrowskiego 159 Street, 60-594 Poznań, Poland)

  • Michał Krzyżaniak

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, Horticulture, and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dąbrowskiego 159 Street, 60-594 Poznań, Poland)

  • Dariusz Świerk

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, Horticulture, and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dąbrowskiego 159 Street, 60-594 Poznań, Poland)

Abstract

The urban heat island (UHI) effect is the main problem regarding a city’s climate. It is the main adverse effect of urbanization and negatively affects human thermal comfort levels as defined by physiological equivalent temperature (PET) in the urban environment. Blue and green infrastructure (BGI) solutions may mitigate the UHI effect. First, however, it is necessary to understand the problem from the degrading side. The subject of this review is to identify the most essential geometrical, morphological, and topographical parameters of the urbanized environment (UE) and to understand the synergistic relationships between city and nature. A four-stage normative procedure was used, appropriate for systematic reviews of the UHI. First, one climate zone (temperate climate zone C) was limited to unify the design guidelines. As a result of delimitation, 313 scientific articles were obtained (546 rejected). Second, the canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was performed for the obtained data. Finally, our research showed the parameters of the UE facilities, which are necessary to mitigate the UHI effect. Those are building density and urban surface albedo for neighborhood cluster (NH), and distance from the city center, aspect ratio, ground surface albedo, and street orientation for street canyon (SC), as well as building height, material albedo, and building orientation for the building structure (BU). The developed guidelines can form the basis for microclimate design in a temperate climate. The data obtained from the statistical analysis will be used to create the blue-green infrastructure (BGI) dynamic modeling algorithm, which is the main focus of the future series of articles.

Suggested Citation

  • Patryk Antoszewski & Michał Krzyżaniak & Dariusz Świerk, 2022. "The Future of Climate-Resilient and Climate-Neutral City in the Temperate Climate Zone," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-60, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:7:p:4365-:d:787364
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/7/4365/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/7/4365/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rossi, Federico & Pisello, Anna Laura & Nicolini, Andrea & Filipponi, Mirko & Palombo, Massimo, 2014. "Analysis of retro-reflective surfaces for urban heat island mitigation: A new analytical model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 621-631.
    2. Yingbao Yang & Xize Zhang & Xi Lu & Jia Hu & Xin Pan & Qin Zhu & Weizhong Su, 2017. "Effects of Building Design Elements on Residential Thermal Environment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-15, December.
    3. Yeri Choi & Sugie Lee & Hyunbin Moon, 2018. "Urban Physical Environments and the Duration of High Air Temperature: Focusing on Solar Radiation Trapping Effects," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-14, December.
    4. Lei Zhao & Xuhui Lee & Ronald B. Smith & Keith Oleson, 2014. "Strong contributions of local background climate to urban heat islands," Nature, Nature, vol. 511(7508), pages 216-219, July.
    5. Jamei, E. & Ossen, D.R. & Seyedmahmoudian, M. & Sandanayake, M. & Stojcevski, A. & Horan, B., 2020. "Urban design parameters for heat mitigation in tropics," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    6. Pérez, Gabriel & Coma, Julià & Martorell, Ingrid & Cabeza, Luisa F., 2014. "Vertical Greenery Systems (VGS) for energy saving in buildings: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 139-165.
    7. Pingying Lin & Zhonghua Gou & Stephen Siu-Yu Lau & Hao Qin, 2017. "The Impact of Urban Design Descriptors on Outdoor Thermal Environment: A Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-19, December.
    8. Shahrestani, Mehdi & Yao, Runming & Luo, Zhiwen & Turkbeyler, Erdal & Davies, Hywel, 2015. "A field study of urban microclimates in London," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 3-9.
    9. Tiziana Susca, 2012. "Multiscale Approach to Life Cycle Assessment," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 16(6), pages 951-962, December.
    10. Taleghani, Mohammad, 2018. "Outdoor thermal comfort by different heat mitigation strategies- A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 2011-2018.
    11. Natanian, Jonathan & Aleksandrowicz, Or & Auer, Thomas, 2019. "A parametric approach to optimizing urban form, energy balance and environmental quality: The case of Mediterranean districts," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    12. Jou-Man Huang & Heui-Yung Chang & Yu-Su Wang, 2020. "Spatiotemporal Changes in the Built Environment Characteristics and Urban Heat Island Effect in a Medium-Sized City, Chiayi City, Taiwan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-16, January.
    13. Andreou, E. & Axarli, K., 2012. "Investigation of urban canyon microclimate in traditional and contemporary environment. Experimental investigation and parametric analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 354-363.
    14. Andreou, E., 2013. "Thermal comfort in outdoor spaces and urban canyon microclimate," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 182-188.
    15. Gabriele Manoli & Simone Fatichi & Markus Schläpfer & Kailiang Yu & Thomas W. Crowther & Naika Meili & Paolo Burlando & Gabriel G. Katul & Elie Bou-Zeid, 2019. "Magnitude of urban heat islands largely explained by climate and population," Nature, Nature, vol. 573(7772), pages 55-60, September.
    16. Jaehyun Ha & Sugie Lee & Cheolyeong Park, 2016. "Temporal Effects of Environmental Characteristics on Urban Air Temperature: The Influence of the Sky View Factor," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-15, September.
    17. Umut Erdem & K. Mert Cubukcu & Ayyoob Sharifi, 2021. "An analysis of urban form factors driving Urban Heat Island: the case of Izmir," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(5), pages 7835-7859, May.
    18. Junyan Yang & Beixiang Shi & Geyang Xia & Qin Xue & Shi-Jie Cao, 2020. "Impacts of Urban Form on Thermal Environment Near the Surface Region at Pedestrian Height: A Case Study Based on High-Density Built-Up Areas of Nanjing City in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-18, February.
    19. Alenka Fikfak & Saja Kosanović & Miha Konjar & Janez P. Grom & Martina Zbašnik-Senegačnik, 2017. "The Impact of Morphological Features on Summer Temperature Variations on the Example of Two Residential Neighborhoods in Ljubljana, Slovenia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(1), pages 1-20, January.
    20. Battista, Gabriele & de Lieto Vollaro, Emanuele & Grignaffini, Stefano & Ocłoń, Paweł & Vallati, Andrea, 2021. "Experimental investigation about the adoption of high reflectance materials on the envelope cladding on a scaled street canyon," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    21. Weibo Liu & Johannes Feddema & Leiqiu Hu & Ashley Zung & Nathaniel Brunsell, 2017. "Seasonal and Diurnal Characteristics of Land Surface Temperature and Major Explanatory Factors in Harris County, Texas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-18, December.
    22. Roberta Cocci Grifoni & Rosalba D’Onofrio & Massimo Sargolini & Mariano Pierantozzi, 2016. "A Parametric Optimization Approach to Mitigating the Urban Heat Island Effect: A Case Study in Ancona, Italy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-20, September.
    23. Ehsan Sharifi & Alpana Sivam & John Boland, 2016. "Resilience to heat in public space: a case study of Adelaide, South Australia," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 59(10), pages 1833-1854, October.
    24. Yingjie Jiang & Changguang Wu & Mingjun Teng, 2020. "Impact of Residential Building Layouts on Microclimate in a High Temperature and High Humidity Region," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-16, February.
    25. Gabriele Lobaccaro & Juan Angel Acero & Gerardo Sanchez Martinez & Ales Padro & Txomin Laburu & German Fernandez, 2019. "Effects of Orientations, Aspect Ratios, Pavement Materials and Vegetation Elements on Thermal Stress inside Typical Urban Canyons," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-29, September.
    26. Yanxue Li & Dawei Wang & Shanshan Li & Weijun Gao, 2021. "Impact Analysis of Urban Morphology on Residential District Heat Energy Demand and Microclimate Based on Field Measurement Data," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-17, February.
    27. Elena Morini & Ali G. Touchaei & Beatrice Castellani & Federico Rossi & Franco Cotana, 2016. "The Impact of Albedo Increase to Mitigate the Urban Heat Island in Terni (Italy) Using the WRF Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(10), pages 1-14, October.
    28. Sanaieian, Haniyeh & Tenpierik, Martin & Linden, Kees van den & Mehdizadeh Seraj, Fatemeh & Mofidi Shemrani, Seyed Majid, 2014. "Review of the impact of urban block form on thermal performance, solar access and ventilation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 551-560.
    29. Claire Smith & A. Webb & G. Levermore & S. Lindley & K. Beswick, 2011. "Fine-scale spatial temperature patterns across a UK conurbation," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 109(3), pages 269-286, December.
    30. Jamei, Elmira & Rajagopalan, Priyadarsini & Seyedmahmoudian, Mohammadmehdi & Jamei, Yashar, 2016. "Review on the impact of urban geometry and pedestrian level greening on outdoor thermal comfort," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 1002-1017.
    31. Wang, Chenghao & Wang, Zhi-Hua & Kaloush, Kamil E. & Shacat, Joseph, 2021. "Cool pavements for urban heat island mitigation: A synthetic review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    32. Walter Leal Filho & Leyre Echevarria Icaza & Victoria Omeche Emanche & Abul Quasem Al-Amin, 2017. "An Evidence-Based Review of Impacts, Strategies and Tools to Mitigate Urban Heat Islands," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-29, December.
    33. Stephen Siu Yu Lau & Feng Yang & Joyce Tai & Xiao Ling Wu & Jun Wang, 2011. "The study of summer-time heat island, built form and fabric in a densely built urban environment in compact Chinese cities: Hong Kong, Guangzhou," International Journal of Sustainable Development, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 14(1/2), pages 30-48.
    34. Bourbia, F. & Boucheriba, F., 2010. "Impact of street design on urban microclimate for semi arid climate (Constantine)," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 343-347.
    35. Yunfei Li & Sebastian Schubert & Jürgen P. Kropp & Diego Rybski, 2020. "On the influence of density and morphology on the Urban Heat Island intensity," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-9, December.
    36. Tremeac, Brice & Bousquet, Pierre & de Munck, Cecile & Pigeon, Gregoire & Masson, Valery & Marchadier, Colette & Merchat, Michele & Poeuf, Pierre & Meunier, Francis, 2012. "Influence of air conditioning management on heat island in Paris air street temperatures," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 102-110.
    37. Duan, Shuangping & Luo, Zhiwen & Yang, Xinyan & Li, Yuguo, 2019. "The impact of building operations on urban heat/cool islands under urban densification: A comparison between naturally-ventilated and air-conditioned buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 129-138.
    38. Herbert, Jan M. & Herbert, Ric D., 2002. "Simulation of the effects of canyon geometry on thermal climate in city canyons," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 59(1), pages 243-253.
    39. Brenda B. Lin & Jacqui Meyers & R. Matthew Beaty & Guy B. Barnett, 2016. "Urban Green Infrastructure Impacts on Climate Regulation Services in Sydney, Australia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-13, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Jianping Zhang & Gengying Jiao & Qing Ye & Xinren Gu, 2022. "The Impact of Urban Expansion on the Urban Thermal Environment: A Case Study in Nanchang, Jiangxi, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-22, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Patryk Antoszewski & Dariusz Świerk & Michał Krzyżaniak, 2020. "Statistical Review of Quality Parameters of Blue-Green Infrastructure Elements Important in Mitigating the Effect of the Urban Heat Island in the Temperate Climate (C) Zone," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-36, September.
    2. Adilkhanova, Indira & Ngarambe, Jack & Yun, Geun Young, 2022. "Recent advances in black box and white-box models for urban heat island prediction: Implications of fusing the two methods," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    3. Nazanin Nasrollahi & Amir Ghosouri & Jamal Khodakarami & Mohammad Taleghani, 2020. "Heat-Mitigation Strategies to Improve Pedestrian Thermal Comfort in Urban Environments: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-23, November.
    4. Ernesto Antonini & Vincenzo Vodola & Jacopo Gaspari & Michaela De Giglio, 2020. "Outdoor Wellbeing and Quality of Life: A Scientific Literature Review on Thermal Comfort," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-22, April.
    5. Susca, T. & Zanghirella, F. & Colasuonno, L. & Del Fatto, V., 2022. "Effect of green wall installation on urban heat island and building energy use: A climate-informed systematic literature review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    6. Shiyi Song & Hong Leng & Han Xu & Ran Guo & Yan Zhao, 2020. "Impact of Urban Morphology and Climate on Heating Energy Consumption of Buildings in Severe Cold Regions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-24, November.
    7. Zhiming GUO & Tsuyoshi SETOGUCHI & Norihiro WATANABE & Ke HUO, 2018. "Public Open Space Design Study on the Basis of Microclimate and Spatial Behavior in Hot and Cold Weather Conditions in Downtown Area," Modern Applied Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 12(2), pages 128-128, February.
    8. Toparlar, Y. & Blocken, B. & Maiheu, B. & van Heijst, G.J.F., 2017. "A review on the CFD analysis of urban microclimate," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 1613-1640.
    9. Alireza Karimi & Pir Mohammad & Antonio García-Martínez & David Moreno-Rangel & Darya Gachkar & Sadaf Gachkar, 2023. "New developments and future challenges in reducing and controlling heat island effect in urban areas," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(10), pages 10485-10531, October.
    10. Jamei, Elmira & Rajagopalan, Priyadarsini & Seyedmahmoudian, Mohammadmehdi & Jamei, Yashar, 2016. "Review on the impact of urban geometry and pedestrian level greening on outdoor thermal comfort," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 1002-1017.
    11. Yasser Ibrahim & Tristan Kershaw & Paul Shepherd & David Coley, 2021. "On the Optimisation of Urban form Design, Energy Consumption and Outdoor Thermal Comfort Using a Parametric Workflow in a Hot Arid Zone," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-22, July.
    12. Jing Kong & Yongling Zhao & Jan Carmeliet & Chengwang Lei, 2021. "Urban Heat Island and Its Interaction with Heatwaves: A Review of Studies on Mesoscale," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-26, September.
    13. Zhang, Hongjie & Yao, Runming & Luo, Qing & Wang, Wenbo, 2022. "A mathematical model for a rapid calculation of the urban canyon albedo and its applications," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 836-851.
    14. Shreevastava, Anamika & Bhalachandran, Saiprasanth & McGrath, Gavan & Huber, Matthew & Rao, P. Suresh C., 2019. "Paradoxical impact of sprawling intra-Urban Heat Islets: Reducing mean surface temperatures while enhancing local extremes," Earth Arxiv gxj9m, Center for Open Science.
    15. Farshid Aram & Ebrahim Solgi & Ester Higueras García & Amir Mosavi & Annamária R. Várkonyi-Kóczy, 2019. "The Cooling Effect of Large-Scale Urban Parks on Surrounding Area Thermal Comfort," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-21, October.
    16. Bing Li & Zhifeng Liu & Ying Nan & Shengnan Li & Yanmin Yang, 2018. "Comparative Analysis of Urban Heat Island Intensities in Chinese, Russian, and DPRK Regions across the Transnational Urban Agglomeration of the Tumen River in Northeast Asia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-16, July.
    17. Yuxiang Li & Jens-Christian Svenning & Weiqi Zhou & Kai Zhu & Jesse F. Abrams & Timothy M. Lenton & William J. Ripple & Zhaowu Yu & Shuqing N. Teng & Robert R. Dunn & Chi Xu, 2024. "Green spaces provide substantial but unequal urban cooling globally," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, December.
    18. Pingying Lin & Zhonghua Gou & Stephen Siu-Yu Lau & Hao Qin, 2017. "The Impact of Urban Design Descriptors on Outdoor Thermal Environment: A Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-19, December.
    19. Antonio Ligsay & Olivier Telle & Richard Paul, 2021. "Challenges to Mitigating the Urban Health Burden of Mosquito-Borne Diseases in the Face of Climate Change," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-12, May.
    20. Taher Safarrad & Mostafa Ghadami & Andreas Dittmann & Mousa Pazhuhan (Panahandeh Khah), 2021. "Tourism Effect on the Spatiotemporal Pattern of Land Surface Temperature (LST): Babolsar and Fereydonkenar Cities (Cases Study in Iran)," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-25, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:7:p:4365-:d:787364. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.