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The Performance Test of Three Different Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) Blade Shapes Using Experimental and Numerical Methods

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  • Fei-Bin Hsiao

    (Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, No.1 University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
    Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, No.1 University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan)

  • Chi-Jeng Bai

    (Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, No.1 University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan)

  • Wen-Tong Chong

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
    Centre for Energy Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

Abstract

Three different horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) blade geometries with the same diameter of 0.72 m using the same NACA4418 airfoil profile have been investigated both experimentally and numerically. The first is an optimum (OPT) blade shape, obtained using improved blade element momentum (BEM) theory. A detailed description of the blade geometry is also given. The second is an untapered and optimum twist (UOT) blade with the same twist distributions as the OPT blade. The third blade is untapered and untwisted (UUT). Wind tunnel experiments were used to measure the power coefficients of these blades, and the results indicate that both the OPT and UOT blades perform with the same maximum power coefficient, C p = 0.428, but it is located at different tip speed ratio, λ = 4.92 for the OPT blade and λ = 4.32 for the UOT blade. The UUT blade has a maximum power coefficient of C p = 0.210 at λ = 3.86. After the tests, numerical simulations were performed using a full three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method using the k - ω SST turbulence model. It has been found that CFD predictions reproduce the most accurate model power coefficients. The good agreement between the measured and computed power coefficients of the three models strongly suggest that accurate predictions of HAWT blade performance at full-scale conditions are also possible using the CFD method.

Suggested Citation

  • Fei-Bin Hsiao & Chi-Jeng Bai & Wen-Tong Chong, 2013. "The Performance Test of Three Different Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) Blade Shapes Using Experimental and Numerical Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(6), pages 1-20, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:6:y:2013:i:6:p:2784-2803:d:26242
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    4. Hailay Kiros Kelele & Torbjørn Kirstian Nielsen & Lars Froyd & Mulu Bayray Kahsay, 2020. "Catchment Based Aerodynamic Performance Analysis of Small Wind Turbine Using a Single Blade Concept for a Low Cost of Energy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-20, November.
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    6. De Lellis, Marcelo & Reginatto, Romeu & Saraiva, Ramiro & Trofino, Alexandre, 2018. "The Betz limit applied to Airborne Wind Energy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 32-40.
    7. Ali, Qazi Shahzad & Kim, Man-Hoe, 2021. "Design and performance analysis of an airborne wind turbine for high-altitude energy harvesting," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    8. Antonio García Auyanet & Patrick G. Verdin, 2022. "Numerical Study of the Effect of Flap Geometry in a Multi-Slot Ducted Wind Turbine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-17, September.
    9. Alfredo Alcayde & Quetzalcoatl Hernandez-Escobedo & David Muñoz-Rodríguez & Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno, 2022. "Worldwide Research Trends on Optimizing Wind Turbine Efficiency," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-7, September.
    10. Chi-Jeng Bai & Wei-Cheng Wang & Po-Wei Chen & Wen-Tong Chong, 2014. "System Integration of the Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine: The Design of Turbine Blades with an Axial-Flux Permanent Magnet Generator," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(11), pages 1-21, November.
    11. Chong, Wen-Tong & Muzammil, Wan Khairul & Ong, Hwai-Chyuan & Sopian, Kamaruzzaman & Gwani, Mohammed & Fazlizan, Ahmad & Poh, Sin-Chew, 2019. "Performance analysis of the deflector integrated cross axis wind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 675-690.
    12. Lin, Yan-Ting & Chiu, Pao-Hsiung & Huang, Chin-Cheng, 2017. "An experimental and numerical investigation on the power performance of 150 kW horizontal axis wind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 85-93.
    13. Małgorzata Stępień & Michał Kulak & Krzysztof Jóźwik, 2020. "“Fast Track” Analysis of Small Wind Turbine Blade Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-16, November.
    14. Zhiqiang, Li & Yunke, Wu & Jie, Hong & Zhihong, Zhang & Wenqi, Chen, 2018. "The study on performance and aerodynamics of micro counter-rotating HAWT," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 939-954.
    15. Marina Barbarić & Zvonimir Guzović, 2020. "Investigation of the Possibilities to Improve Hydrodynamic Performances of Micro-Hydrokinetic Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-20, September.
    16. Abdelgalil Eltayesh & Magdy Bassily Hanna & Francesco Castellani & A.S. Huzayyin & Hesham M. El-Batsh & Massimiliano Burlando & Matteo Becchetti, 2019. "Effect of Wind Tunnel Blockage on the Performance of a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine with Different Blade Number," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-15, May.
    17. Bai, Chi-Jeng & Wang, Wei-Cheng, 2016. "Review of computational and experimental approaches to analysis of aerodynamic performance in horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs)," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 506-519.
    18. Jijian Lian & Yaya Jia & Haijun Wang & Fang Liu, 2016. "Numerical Study of the Aerodynamic Loads on Offshore Wind Turbines under Typhoon with Full Wind Direction," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-21, August.
    19. Dallatu Abbas Umar & Chong Tak Yaw & Siaw Paw Koh & Sieh Kiong Tiong & Ammar Ahmed Alkahtani & Talal Yusaf, 2022. "Design and Optimization of a Small-Scale Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Blade for Energy Harvesting at Low Wind Profile Areas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-22, April.
    20. Murthy, K.S.R. & Rahi, O.P., 2017. "A comprehensive review of wind resource assessment," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 1320-1342.
    21. Yu-Jen Chen & Y. C. Shiah, 2016. "Experiments on the Performance of Small Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine with Passive Pitch Control by Disk Pulley," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-13, May.

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