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A case study on the calibration of the k–ω SST (shear stress transport) turbulence model for small scale wind turbines designed with cambered and symmetrical airfoils

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  • Rocha, P. A. Costa
  • Rocha, H. H. Barbosa
  • Carneiro, F. O. Moura
  • da Silva, M. E. Vieira
  • de Andrade, C. Freitas

Abstract

This work presents a calibration study of the k–ω SST turbulence model for small scale wind turbines. To accomplish this, two different sets of blades were designed, built, tested and simulated. The first set applied the NACA 0012 and the second the NACA 4412 airfoil. The numerical investigation was taken using the CFD (computational fluid dynamics) code OpenFOAM and the turbulence model was calibrated testing several values for the β∗, including its canonical value, 0.09. The numerical calibration (the main contribution of this paper), extended previous results, which stated that different β∗ values could calibrate the k–ω SST turbulence model for small wind turbines, mainly for the drag effects. The study broadened this conclusion, once the model was calibrated for a quite wide range of tip speed ratio values, from the turbine startup (λ = 0) until its highest experimental value (λ ≅ 8). As a secondary contribution, the results show that the model could be adjusted to simulate average field data, even though these being subject to its inherent variabilities. The main conclusion was that, for the sets of blades studied, the lowest RMSE value was obtained for β∗ = 0.27.

Suggested Citation

  • Rocha, P. A. Costa & Rocha, H. H. Barbosa & Carneiro, F. O. Moura & da Silva, M. E. Vieira & de Andrade, C. Freitas, 2016. "A case study on the calibration of the k–ω SST (shear stress transport) turbulence model for small scale wind turbines designed with cambered and symmetrical airfoils," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 144-150.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:97:y:2016:i:c:p:144-150
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.12.081
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    3. Tang, Di & Xu, Min & Mao, Jianfeng & Zhu, Hai, 2020. "Unsteady performances of a parked large-scale wind turbine in the typhoon activity zones," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 617-630.
    4. Govind, Bala, 2017. "Increasing the operational capability of a horizontal axis wind turbine by its integration with a vertical axis wind turbine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 479-494.
    5. Amiri, Mojtaba Maali & Shadman, Milad & Estefen, Segen F., 2020. "URANS simulations of a horizontal axis wind turbine under stall condition using Reynolds stress turbulence models," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    6. D'Alessandro, Valerio & Montelpare, Sergio & Ricci, Renato & Zoppi, Andrea, 2017. "Numerical modeling of the flow over wind turbine airfoils by means of Spalart–Allmaras local correlation based transition model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 402-419.
    7. Carneiro, F.O.M. & Moura, L.F.M. & Costa Rocha, P.A. & Pontes Lima, R.J. & Ismail, K.A.R., 2019. "Application and analysis of the moving mesh algorithm AMI in a small scale HAWT: Validation with field test's results against the frozen rotor approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 819-829.

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