IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v14y2021i24p8233-d697116.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Research Progress on the Phase Change Materials for Cold Thermal Energy Storage

Author

Listed:
  • Xinghui Zhang

    (College of Civil Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China)

  • Qili Shi

    (College of Civil Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China)

  • Lingai Luo

    (Université de Nantes, CNRS, Laboratoire de Thermique et Énergie de Nantes, LTeN, UMR6607, F-44000 Nantes, France)

  • Yilin Fan

    (Université de Nantes, CNRS, Laboratoire de Thermique et Énergie de Nantes, LTeN, UMR6607, F-44000 Nantes, France)

  • Qian Wang

    (College of Civil Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China)

  • Guanguan Jia

    (College of Civil Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China)

Abstract

Thermal energy storage based on phase change materials (PCMs) can improve the efficiency of energy utilization by eliminating the mismatch between energy supply and demand. It has become a hot research topic in recent years, especially for cold thermal energy storage (CTES), such as free cooling of buildings, food transportation, electronic cooling, telecommunications cooling, etc. This paper summarizes the latest research progress of the PCMs-based CTES. Firstly, the classification of PCMs for low temperature storage is introduced; the thermal physical properties (e.g., phase change temperature (PCT) and latent heat) of suitable PCM candidates (−97 to 30 °C) for CTES are summarized as well. Secondly, the techniques proposed to enhance the thermal properties of PCMs are presented, including the addition of nanomaterials, the microencapsulation and the shape stabilization. Finally, several representative applications (−97 to 65 °C) of PCMs in different CTES systems are discussed. The present review provides a comprehensive summary, systematical analysis, and comparison for the PCMs-based CTES systems, which can be helpful for the future development in this field.

Suggested Citation

  • Xinghui Zhang & Qili Shi & Lingai Luo & Yilin Fan & Qian Wang & Guanguan Jia, 2021. "Research Progress on the Phase Change Materials for Cold Thermal Energy Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-46, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:24:p:8233-:d:697116
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/24/8233/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/24/8233/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Oró, E. & de Gracia, A. & Castell, A. & Farid, M.M. & Cabeza, L.F., 2012. "Review on phase change materials (PCMs) for cold thermal energy storage applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 513-533.
    2. Roxas-Dimaano, M.N & Watanabe, T, 2002. "The capric and lauric acid mixture with chemical additives as latent heat storage materials for cooling application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 27(9), pages 869-888.
    3. Piselli, Cristina & Prabhakar, Mohit & de Gracia, Alvaro & Saffari, Mohammad & Pisello, Anna Laura & Cabeza, Luisa F., 2020. "Optimal control of natural ventilation as passive cooling strategy for improving the energy performance of building envelope with PCM integration," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 171-181.
    4. Iten, Muriel & Liu, Shuli & Shukla, Ashish, 2016. "A review on the air-PCM-TES application for free cooling and heating in the buildings," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 175-186.
    5. Cabeza, L.F. & Castell, A. & Barreneche, C. & de Gracia, A. & Fernández, A.I., 2011. "Materials used as PCM in thermal energy storage in buildings: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(3), pages 1675-1695, April.
    6. Yu, Qinghua & Tchuenbou-Magaia, Fideline & Al-Duri, Bushra & Zhang, Zhibing & Ding, Yulong & Li, Yongliang, 2018. "Thermo-mechanical analysis of microcapsules containing phase change materials for cold storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 1190-1202.
    7. Liu, Ming & Saman, Wasim & Bruno, Frank, 2014. "Computer simulation with TRNSYS for a mobile refrigeration system incorporating a phase change thermal storage unit," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 226-235.
    8. Xu, Ben & Li, Peiwen & Chan, Cholik, 2015. "Application of phase change materials for thermal energy storage in concentrated solar thermal power plants: A review to recent developments," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 286-307.
    9. Alzuwaid, F.A. & Ge, Y.T. & Tassou, S.A. & Sun, J., 2016. "The novel use of phase change materials in an open type refrigerated display cabinet: A theoretical investigation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 76-85.
    10. Giro-Paloma, Jessica & Martínez, Mònica & Cabeza, Luisa F. & Fernández, A. Inés, 2016. "Types, methods, techniques, and applications for microencapsulated phase change materials (MPCM): A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 1059-1075.
    11. Song, Yanlin & Zhang, Nan & Jing, Yaoge & Cao, Xiaoling & Yuan, Yanping & Haghighat, Fariborz, 2019. "Experimental and numerical investigation on dodecane/expanded graphite shape-stabilized phase change material for cold energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    12. Wang, Tingyu & Wang, Shuangfeng & Luo, Ruilian & Zhu, Chunyu & Akiyama, Tomohiro & Zhang, Zhengguo, 2016. "Microencapsulation of phase change materials with binary cores and calcium carbonate shell for thermal energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 113-119.
    13. Borri, Emiliano & Sze, Jia Yin & Tafone, Alessio & Romagnoli, Alessandro & Li, Yongliang & Comodi, Gabriele, 2020. "Experimental and numerical characterization of sub-zero phase change materials for cold thermal energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    14. Li, Xiao-Yan & Yang, Liu & Wang, Xue-Lei & Miao, Xin-Yue & Yao, Yu & Qiang, Qiu-Qiu, 2018. "Investigation on the charging process of a multi-PCM latent heat thermal energy storage unit for use in conventional air-conditioning systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 591-600.
    15. Sun, Xiaoqin & Zhang, Quan & Medina, Mario A. & Liu, Yingjun & Liao, Shuguang, 2014. "A study on the use of phase change materials (PCMs) in combination with a natural cold source for space cooling in telecommunications base stations (TBSs) in China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 95-103.
    16. Young Min Kim & Dong Gil Shin & Chang Gi Kim, 2019. "On-Board Cold Thermal Energy Storage System for Hydrogen Fueling Process," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-10, February.
    17. Akeiber, Hussein & Nejat, Payam & Majid, Muhd Zaimi Abd. & Wahid, Mazlan A. & Jomehzadeh, Fatemeh & Zeynali Famileh, Iman & Calautit, John Kaiser & Hughes, Ben Richard & Zaki, Sheikh Ahmad, 2016. "A review on phase change material (PCM) for sustainable passive cooling in building envelopes," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 1470-1497.
    18. Bo, He & Gustafsson, E.Mari & Setterwall, Fredrik, 1999. "Tetradecane and hexadecane binary mixtures as phase change materials (PCMs) for cool storage in district cooling systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 24(12), pages 1015-1028.
    19. Li, Shuang-Fei & Liu, Zhen-hua & Wang, Xue-Jiao, 2019. "A comprehensive review on positive cold energy storage technologies and applications in air conditioning with phase change materials," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    20. Yang, Lizhong & Villalobos, Uver & Akhmetov, Bakytzhan & Gil, Antoni & Khor, Jun Onn & Palacios, Anabel & Li, Yongliang & Ding, Yulong & Cabeza, Luisa F. & Tan, Wooi Leong & Romagnoli, Alessandro, 2021. "A comprehensive review on sub-zero temperature cold thermal energy storage materials, technologies, and applications: State of the art and recent developments," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    21. Gholamibozanjani, Gohar & Farid, Mohammed, 2020. "Application of an active PCM storage system into a building for heating/cooling load reduction," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).
    22. Zhao, Liang & Dong, Hui & Tang, Jiajun & Cai, Jiuju, 2016. "Cold energy utilization of liquefied natural gas for capturing carbon dioxide in the flue gas from the magnesite processing industry," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 45-56.
    23. Liu, Ming & Saman, Wasim & Bruno, Frank, 2012. "Development of a novel refrigeration system for refrigerated trucks incorporating phase change material," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 336-342.
    24. Tatsidjodoung, Parfait & Le Pierrès, Nolwenn & Luo, Lingai, 2013. "A review of potential materials for thermal energy storage in building applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 327-349.
    25. Tian, Shen & Yang, Qifan & Hui, Na & Bai, Haozhi & Shao, Shuangquan & Liu, Shengchun, 2020. "Discharging process and performance of a portable cold thermal energy storage panel driven by embedded heat pipes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    26. Yu, Shiyu & Wang, Xiaodong & Wu, Dezhen, 2014. "Microencapsulation of n-octadecane phase change material with calcium carbonate shell for enhancement of thermal conductivity and serving durability: Synthesis, microstructure, and performance evaluat," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 632-643.
    27. Tumirah, K. & Hussein, M.Z. & Zulkarnain, Z. & Rafeadah, R., 2014. "Nano-encapsulated organic phase change material based on copolymer nanocomposites for thermal energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 881-890.
    28. Alizadeh, M. & Sadrameli, S.M., 2016. "Development of free cooling based ventilation technology for buildings: Thermal energy storage (TES) unit, performance enhancement techniques and design considerations – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 619-645.
    29. Chen, Xiaoming & Zhang, Quan & Zhai, Zhiqiang John & Ma, Xiaowei, 2019. "Potential of ventilation systems with thermal energy storage using PCMs applied to air conditioned buildings," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 39-53.
    30. Li, Gang & Hwang, Yunho & Radermacher, Reinhard & Chun, Ho-Hwan, 2013. "Review of cold storage materials for subzero applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1-17.
    31. Raj, V. Antony Aroul & Velraj, R., 2010. "Review on free cooling of buildings using phase change materials," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(9), pages 2819-2829, December.
    32. Zhai, X.Q. & Wang, X.L. & Wang, T. & Wang, R.Z., 2013. "A review on phase change cold storage in air-conditioning system: Materials and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 108-120.
    33. Nie, Binjian & Palacios, Anabel & Zou, Boyang & Liu, Jiaxu & Zhang, Tongtong & Li, Yunren, 2020. "Review on phase change materials for cold thermal energy storage applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yongyu Lu & Dehai Yu & Haoxuan Dong & Jinran Lv & Lichen Wang & He Zhou & Zhen Li & Jing Liu & Zhizhu He, 2022. "Magnetically tightened form-stable phase change materials with modular assembly and geometric conformality features," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Xinyu Meng & Yijian He & Lijuan He & Chenlei Zhao & Lifang Wang & Wenxi You & Jingbo Zhu, 2024. "A Review of the Energy-Saving Potential of Phase Change Material-Based Cascaded Refrigeration Systems in Chinese Food Cold Chain Industry," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-28, September.
    3. Punita Sangwan & Hooman Mehdizadeh-Rad & Anne Wai Man Ng & Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq & Raphael Chukwuka Nnachi, 2022. "Performance Evaluation of Phase Change Materials to Reduce the Cooling Load of Buildings in a Tropical Climate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-20, March.
    4. Lin, Xiang-Wei & Li, Yu-Bai & Wu, Wei-Tao & Zhou, Zhi-Fu & Chen, Bin, 2024. "Advances on two-phase heat transfer for lithium-ion battery thermal management," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PB).
    5. Inga Zotova & Staņislavs Gendelis & Edgars Kirilovs & Dejan Štefanec, 2024. "Thermal Performance of Lignocellulose’s By-Product Wallboards with Bio-Based Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-12, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Nie, Binjian & Palacios, Anabel & Zou, Boyang & Liu, Jiaxu & Zhang, Tongtong & Li, Yunren, 2020. "Review on phase change materials for cold thermal energy storage applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    2. Yang, Lizhong & Villalobos, Uver & Akhmetov, Bakytzhan & Gil, Antoni & Khor, Jun Onn & Palacios, Anabel & Li, Yongliang & Ding, Yulong & Cabeza, Luisa F. & Tan, Wooi Leong & Romagnoli, Alessandro, 2021. "A comprehensive review on sub-zero temperature cold thermal energy storage materials, technologies, and applications: State of the art and recent developments," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    3. Zeinelabdein, Rami & Omer, Siddig & Gan, Guohui, 2018. "Critical review of latent heat storage systems for free cooling in buildings," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 2843-2868.
    4. Rostami, Sara & Afrand, Masoud & Shahsavar, Amin & Sheikholeslami, M. & Kalbasi, Rasool & Aghakhani, Saeed & Shadloo, Mostafa Safdari & Oztop, Hakan F., 2020. "A review of melting and freezing processes of PCM/nano-PCM and their application in energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).
    5. Ahn, Jae Hwan & Kim, Hoon & Jeon, Yongseok & Kwon, Ki Hyun, 2022. "Performance characteristics of mobile cooling system utilizing ice thermal energy storage with direct contact discharging for a refrigerated truck," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 308(C).
    6. Kenisarin, Murat & Mahkamov, Khamid, 2016. "Passive thermal control in residential buildings using phase change materials," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 371-398.
    7. Lin, Yaxue & Jia, Yuting & Alva, Guruprasad & Fang, Guiyin, 2018. "Review on thermal conductivity enhancement, thermal properties and applications of phase change materials in thermal energy storage," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 2730-2742.
    8. Gohar Gholamibozanjani & Mohammed Farid, 2021. "A Critical Review on the Control Strategies Applied to PCM-Enhanced Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-39, March.
    9. Soares, N. & Bastos, J. & Pereira, L. Dias & Soares, A. & Amaral, A.R. & Asadi, E. & Rodrigues, E. & Lamas, F.B. & Monteiro, H. & Lopes, M.A.R. & Gaspar, A.R., 2017. "A review on current advances in the energy and environmental performance of buildings towards a more sustainable built environment," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 845-860.
    10. Rocha, Thiago Torres Martins & Teggar, Mohamed & Trevizoli, Paulo Vinicius & de Oliveira, Raphael Nunes, 2023. "Potential of latent thermal energy storage for performance improvement in small-scale refrigeration units: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    11. Dubey, Abhayjeet kumar & Sun, Jingyi & Choudhary, Tushar & Dash, Madhusmita & Rakshit, Dibakar & Ansari, M Zahid & Ramakrishna, Seeram & Liu, Yong & Nanda, Himansu Sekhar, 2023. "Emerging phase change materials with improved thermal efficiency for a clean and sustainable environment: An approach towards net zero," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 182(C).
    12. Adhiyaman Ilangovan & Samia Hamdane & Pedro D. Silva & Pedro D. Gaspar & Luís Pires, 2022. "Promising and Potential Applications of Phase Change Materials in the Cold Chain: A Systematic Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-15, October.
    13. Akeiber, Hussein & Nejat, Payam & Majid, Muhd Zaimi Abd. & Wahid, Mazlan A. & Jomehzadeh, Fatemeh & Zeynali Famileh, Iman & Calautit, John Kaiser & Hughes, Ben Richard & Zaki, Sheikh Ahmad, 2016. "A review on phase change material (PCM) for sustainable passive cooling in building envelopes," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 1470-1497.
    14. Zeng, Cheng & Liu, Shuli & Shukla, Ashish, 2017. "Adaptability research on phase change materials based technologies in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 145-158.
    15. Lizana, Jesús & Chacartegui, Ricardo & Barrios-Padura, Angela & Ortiz, Carlos, 2018. "Advanced low-carbon energy measures based on thermal energy storage in buildings: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 3705-3749.
    16. Liu, Yali & Li, Ming & Emam Hassanien, Reda Hassanien & Wang, Yunfeng & Tang, Runsheng & Zhang, Ying, 2024. "Fabrication of shape-stable glycine water-based phase-change material using modified expanded graphite for cold energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    17. Memon, Shazim Ali, 2014. "Phase change materials integrated in building walls: A state of the art review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 870-906.
    18. Tafone, Alessio & Romagnoli, Alessandro, 2023. "A novel liquid air energy storage system integrated with a cascaded latent heat cold thermal energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    19. Saffari, Mohammad & de Gracia, Alvaro & Ushak, Svetlana & Cabeza, Luisa F., 2017. "Passive cooling of buildings with phase change materials using whole-building energy simulation tools: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 1239-1255.
    20. Du, Kun & Calautit, John & Wang, Zhonghua & Wu, Yupeng & Liu, Hao, 2018. "A review of the applications of phase change materials in cooling, heating and power generation in different temperature ranges," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 242-273.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:24:p:8233-:d:697116. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.