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Development of free cooling based ventilation technology for buildings: Thermal energy storage (TES) unit, performance enhancement techniques and design considerations – A review

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  • Alizadeh, M.
  • Sadrameli, S.M.

Abstract

Nowadays, one of the major challenges for administrations and governments is energy demand to satisfy thermal comfort in the buildings. In energy systems where a temporal difference exists between the supply of energy and its utilization, thermal energy storage is necessary to ensure the continuity of a thermal process. The development of thermal energy storage systems has been under consideration for a variety of applications such as solar thermal energy storage, waste heat recovery, free cooling, etc. Free cooling night ventilation is the process of storing the coolness in the night time and releasing this coolness in hot day time. Free cooling has attracted considerable attention in the last few years. Supreme efforts have been put into finding new powerful free cooling systems and quantifying their economic and technical feasibility for thermal comfort in buildings. This paper presents a review of studies focused on the free cooling application in the residential and commercial buildings. Many considerations have been highlighted in this review including the merits, demerits and limitations of the free cooling systems for buildings application. The application of phase change materials (PCMs) in the free cooling, thermal enhancement techniques, technical, geographical and economical aspects and their performance evaluation criteria have also been reviewed. A few studies that reported in the literature for the numerical modeling of PCMs have also been discussed and therefore this overview stresses the need to discuss numerical modeling of free cooling deeply.

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  • Alizadeh, M. & Sadrameli, S.M., 2016. "Development of free cooling based ventilation technology for buildings: Thermal energy storage (TES) unit, performance enhancement techniques and design considerations – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 619-645.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:58:y:2016:i:c:p:619-645
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.168
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    5. Pop, Octavian G. & Fechete Tutunaru, Lucian & Bode, Florin & Abrudan, Ancuţa C. & Balan, Mugur C., 2018. "Energy efficiency of PCM integrated in fresh air cooling systems in different climatic conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 976-996.
    6. Faraj, Khaireldin & Khaled, Mahmoud & Faraj, Jalal & Hachem, Farouk & Castelain, Cathy, 2020. "Phase change material thermal energy storage systems for cooling applications in buildings: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    7. Veerakumar, C. & Sreekumar, A., 2020. "Thermo-physical investigation and experimental discharge characteristics of lauryl alcohol as a potential phase change material for thermal management in buildings," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 492-503.
    8. Xinghui Zhang & Qili Shi & Lingai Luo & Yilin Fan & Qian Wang & Guanguan Jia, 2021. "Research Progress on the Phase Change Materials for Cold Thermal Energy Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-46, December.
    9. Saffari, Mohammad & de Gracia, Alvaro & Fernández, Cèsar & Cabeza, Luisa F., 2017. "Simulation-based optimization of PCM melting temperature to improve the energy performance in buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 420-434.
    10. Wang, Fangxian & Zhang, Chao & Liu, Jian & Fang, Xiaoming & Zhang, Zhengguo, 2017. "Highly stable graphite nanoparticle-dispersed phase change emulsions with little supercooling and high thermal conductivity for cold energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 97-106.
    11. Panchabikesan, Karthik & Vincent, Antony Aroul Raj & Ding, Yulong & Ramalingam, Velraj, 2018. "Enhancement in free cooling potential through PCM based storage system integrated with direct evaporative cooling (DEC) unit," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 443-455.
    12. Michel Pons, 2019. "Exergy Analysis and Process Optimization with Variable Environment Temperature," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-19, December.
    13. Sara Brito-Coimbra & Daniel Aelenei & Maria Gloria Gomes & Antonio Moret Rodrigues, 2021. "Building Façade Retrofit with Solar Passive Technologies: A Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-18, March.
    14. Tan, Pepe & Lindberg, Patrik & Eichler, Kaia & Löveryd, Per & Johansson, Pär & Kalagasidis, Angela Sasic, 2020. "Thermal energy storage using phase change materials: Techno-economic evaluation of a cold storage installation in an office building," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    15. Tejero-González, Ana & Andrés-Chicote, Manuel & García-Ibáñez, Paola & Velasco-Gómez, Eloy & Rey-Martínez, Francisco Javier, 2016. "Assessing the applicability of passive cooling and heating techniques through climate factors: An overview," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 727-742.

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