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Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles—A Brief Review of Current Topologies and Energy Management Strategies

Author

Listed:
  • Ioan-Sorin Sorlei

    (ICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies,1 Uzinei, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania)

  • Nicu Bizon

    (ICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies,1 Uzinei, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania
    Faculty of Electronics, Communication and Computers, University of Pitesti, 1 Targul din Vale, 110040 Pitesti, Romania
    Doctoral School, Polytechnic University of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Phatiphat Thounthong

    (Renewable Energy Research Centre (RERC), King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, 1518, Pracharat 1 Road, Bangsue, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
    GREEN Department, Nancy Electric Energy Research Group, F-54000 Nancy, France)

  • Mihai Varlam

    (ICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies,1 Uzinei, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania)

  • Elena Carcadea

    (ICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies,1 Uzinei, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania)

  • Mihai Culcer

    (ICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies,1 Uzinei, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania)

  • Mariana Iliescu

    (ICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies,1 Uzinei, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania)

  • Mircea Raceanu

    (ICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies,1 Uzinei, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania)

Abstract

With the development of technologies in recent decades and the imposition of international standards to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, car manufacturers have turned their attention to new technologies related to electric/hybrid vehicles and electric fuel cell vehicles. This paper focuses on electric fuel cell vehicles, which optimally combine the fuel cell system with hybrid energy storage systems, represented by batteries and ultracapacitors, to meet the dynamic power demand required by the electric motor and auxiliary systems. This paper compares the latest proposed topologies for fuel cell electric vehicles and reveals the new technologies and DC/DC converters involved to generate up-to-date information for researchers and developers interested in this specialized field. From a software point of view, the latest energy management strategies are analyzed and compared with the reference strategies, taking into account performance indicators such as energy efficiency, hydrogen consumption and degradation of the subsystems involved, which is the main challenge for car developers. The advantages and disadvantages of three types of strategies (rule-based strategies, optimization-based strategies and learning-based strategies) are discussed. Thus, future software developers can focus on new control algorithms in the area of artificial intelligence developed to meet the challenges posed by new technologies for autonomous vehicles.

Suggested Citation

  • Ioan-Sorin Sorlei & Nicu Bizon & Phatiphat Thounthong & Mihai Varlam & Elena Carcadea & Mihai Culcer & Mariana Iliescu & Mircea Raceanu, 2021. "Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles—A Brief Review of Current Topologies and Energy Management Strategies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-29, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:1:p:252-:d:475163
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    References listed on IDEAS

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