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A Study of Optimal Refrigerant Charge Amount Determination for Air-Conditioning Heat Pump System in Electric Vehicles

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  • Kang Li

    (School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
    Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Shanghai Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)

  • Jun Yu

    (School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)

  • Mingkang Liu

    (School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)

  • Dan Xu

    (School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)

  • Lin Su

    (School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
    Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Shanghai Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)

  • Yidong Fang

    (School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
    Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Shanghai Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)

Abstract

With regard to concerns about an electric vehicle’s driving range extension in a cold climate, an air-conditioning heat pump (ACHP) shows considerable advantage over thermoelectric heaters for battery energy conservation. The effect of refrigerant charge amount for cooling and heating performance of the ACHP system is significant. The optimal charge, realizing the optimal system performance, is usually determined by experiments of cooling and heating performance. In this paper, the optimal charge determination process based on a newly designed ACHP applied in electric vehicles was introduced. Relationships of characteristics with charge in two modes were investigated by experimental and theoretical methods. Firstly, the performance of the ACHP system was respectively investigated at different charge amounts in cooling and heating operating conditions according to key parameters of system cycles. Secondly, the intersection platforms of subcooling and superheat variation curves with refrigerant charge amount were obtained for determining optimal charge amount of the system further by comprehensive analysis. Finally, the theoretical calculation of charge with three instructive and classical void friction correlation models were applied for better comparisons. It was found that charge amount calculated by the Hughmark model proved to be most consistent with the comprehensive experimental results.

Suggested Citation

  • Kang Li & Jun Yu & Mingkang Liu & Dan Xu & Lin Su & Yidong Fang, 2020. "A Study of Optimal Refrigerant Charge Amount Determination for Air-Conditioning Heat Pump System in Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-18, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:3:p:657-:d:316224
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Yulong Song & Hongsheng Xie & Mengying Yang & Xiangyu Wei & Feng Cao & Xiang Yin, 2023. "A Comprehensive Assessment of the Refrigerant Charging Amount on the Global Performance of a Transcritical CO 2 -Based Bus Air Conditioning and Heat Pump System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-21, March.
    2. Jiang, Ziqi & Tian, Yafen & Li, Kang & Zhao, Zhaorui & Liu, Ni & Zhang, Hua, 2024. "Research on refrigerant charge determination under different compressor speed and its effects on the performance of transcritical CO2 air-conditioning heat pump system in electric vehicle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 296(C).
    3. Ko, Jaedeok & Jeong, Ji Hwan, 2024. "Status and challenges of vapor compression air conditioning and heat pump systems for electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 375(C).

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