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Model Predictive-Based Secondary Frequency Control Considering Heat Pump Water Heaters

Author

Listed:
  • Arman Oshnoei

    (Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran)

  • Rahmat Khezri

    (College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia)

  • S. M. Muyeen

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia)

Abstract

The extensive development of renewable energies in power systems causes several problems due to intermittent output power generation. To tackle the challenge, demand response contribution to ancillary service is currently well recognized under the smart grid infrastructure. The application of the heat pump water heater (HPWH) as a controllable load in primary frequency control is well presented in the literature; however, the motivation of this paper is to use HPWHs for secondary frequency control. To this end, a model predictive control (MPC) method for a two-area power system incorporating HPWHs to contribute to secondary frequency control is proposed in this paper. A detailed model of HPWH is employed as a controllable load to control the power consumption during water heating. The MPC method predicts the future control signals using a quadratic programming-based optimization. It uses the system model, past inputs and outputs, as well as system control signals to predict the next signals. The effective performance of the proposed method for the two-area power system with HPWH is demonstrated for different scenarios of load changes, intermittent renewable power generation and parameter variations as the sensitivity analysis.

Suggested Citation

  • Arman Oshnoei & Rahmat Khezri & S. M. Muyeen, 2019. "Model Predictive-Based Secondary Frequency Control Considering Heat Pump Water Heaters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-18, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:3:p:411-:d:201439
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rahmat Khezri & Arman Oshnoei & Mehrdad Tarafdar Hagh & SM Muyeen, 2018. "Coordination of Heat Pumps, Electric Vehicles and AGC for Efficient LFC in a Smart Hybrid Power System via SCA-Based Optimized FOPID Controllers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-21, February.
    2. Falahati, Saber & Taher, Seyed Abbas & Shahidehpour, Mohammad, 2016. "Grid frequency control with electric vehicles by using of an optimized fuzzy controller," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 918-928.
    3. Jiří Fink & Richard P. Van Leeuwen, 2016. "Earliest Deadline Control of a Group of Heat Pumps with a Single Energy Source," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-16, July.
    4. Guo-Qiang Zeng & Xiao-Qing Xie & Min-Rong Chen, 2017. "An Adaptive Model Predictive Load Frequency Control Method for Multi-Area Interconnected Power Systems with Photovoltaic Generations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-23, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Latif, Abdul & Hussain, S.M. Suhail & Das, Dulal Chandra & Ustun, Taha Selim, 2020. "State-of-the-art of controllers and soft computing techniques for regulated load frequency management of single/multi-area traditional and renewable energy based power systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    2. Omid Sadeghian & Arash Moradzadeh & Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo & Mehdi Abapour & Fausto Pedro Garcia Marquez, 2020. "Generation Units Maintenance in Combined Heat and Power Integrated Systems Using the Mixed Integer Quadratic Programming Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-25, June.
    3. Ce Wang & Xiangjie Liu & Kwang Y. Lee, 2023. "Two-Layer Robust Distributed Predictive Control for Load Frequency Control of a Power System under Wind Power Fluctuation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-15, June.
    4. Wagner, Lukas Peter & Reinpold, Lasse Matthias & Kilthau, Maximilian & Fay, Alexander, 2023. "A systematic review of modeling approaches for flexible energy resources," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    5. Oshnoei, Arman & Kheradmandi, Morteza & Blaabjerg, Frede & Hatziargyriou, Nikos D. & Muyeen, S.M. & Anvari-Moghaddam, Amjad, 2022. "Coordinated control scheme for provision of frequency regulation service by virtual power plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 325(C).

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