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Bioenergy technologies, uses, market and future trends with Austria as a case study

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  • Anca-Couce, A.
  • Hochenauer, C.
  • Scharler, R.

Abstract

The current bioenergy uses and conversion technologies as well as future trends for the production of heat, power, fuels and chemicals from biomass are reviewed. The focus is placed in Austria, which is selected due to its high bioenergy utilization, providing 18.4% of the gross energy final consumption in 2017, and its strong industrial and scientific position in the field. The most common bioenergy application in Austria is bioheat with 170 PJ in 2017 mainly obtained from woody biomass combustion, followed by biofuels with 21 PJ and bioelectricity with 17 PJ. Bioheat has a stable market, where Austrian manufacturers of boilers and stoves have a strong position exporting most of their production. Future developments in bioheat production should go in the line of further reducing emissions, increasing feedstock flexibility and coupling with other renewables. For bioelectricity and biofuels, the current framework does not promote the growth of the current main technologies, i.e. combined heat and power (CHP) based on biomass combustion or biogas and first generation biofuels. However, an increase in all bioenergy uses is required to achieve the Austrian plan to be climate neutral in 2040. The current initiatives and future possibilities to achieve this increase are presented and discussed, e.g. mandatory substitution of old oil boilers, production of biomethane and early commercialization of CHP with a high efficiency or demonstration of advanced biofuels production based on gasification.

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  • Anca-Couce, A. & Hochenauer, C. & Scharler, R., 2021. "Bioenergy technologies, uses, market and future trends with Austria as a case study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:135:y:2021:i:c:s1364032120305268
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110237
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    7. Raghu KC & Jarno Föhr & Arun Gyawali & Tapio Ranta, 2021. "Investment and Profitability of Community Heating Systems Using Bioenergy in Finland: Opportunities and Challenges," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-15, October.
    8. Míguez, José Luis & Porteiro, Jacobo & Behrendt, Frank & Blanco, Diana & Patiño, David & Dieguez-Alonso, Alba, 2021. "Review of the use of additives to mitigate operational problems associated with the combustion of biomass with high content in ash-forming species," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    9. Zachl, A. & Soria-Verdugo, A. & Buchmayr, M. & Gruber, J. & Anca-Couce, A. & Scharler, R. & Hochenauer, C., 2022. "Stratified downdraft gasification of wood chips with a significant bark content," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PB).
    10. Mislav Kontek & Luka Brezinščak & Vanja Jurišić & Ivan Brandić & Alan Antonović & Božidar Matin & Karlo Špelić & Tajana Krička & Ana Matin, 2023. "Mitigating the Energy Crisis: Utilization of Seed Production Wastes for Energy Production in Continental Croatia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-11, January.
    11. Jaworek, A. & Sobczyk, A.T. & Marchewicz, A. & Krupa, A. & Czech, T., 2021. "Particulate matter emission control from small residential boilers after biomass combustion. A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    12. Pongratz, G. & Subotić, V. & Schroettner, H. & Hochenauer, C. & Skrzypkiewicz, M. & Kupecki, Jakub & Anca-Couce, A. & Scharler, R., 2021. "Analysis of H2S-related short-term degradation and regeneration of anode- and electrolyte supported solid oxide fuel cells fueled with biomass steam gasifier product gas," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    13. Zhang, Kai & Yin, Kedong & Yang, Wendong, 2022. "Predicting bioenergy power generation structure using a newly developed grey compositional data model: A case study in China," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 695-711.

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