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Zero energy potential of PV direct-driven air conditioners coupled with phase change materials and load flexibility

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Listed:
  • Li, Sihui
  • Peng, Jinqing
  • Li, Houpei
  • Zou, Bin
  • Song, Jiaming
  • Ma, Tao
  • Ji, Jie

Abstract

Without any assistance, the energy matching between air conditioner load demand and PV generation of PV direct driven Air Conditioners (PVACs) is inflexible. Phase Change Materials (PCMs) and building load flexibility can improve the real-time Zero Energy Probability (ZEP). In this paper, a coupling system consisting of PVACs, PCMs, and load flexibility was proposed for an office building. Sensitive analysis were conducted for different PCMs coupled with PVACs and load flexibility to improve the real-time ZEP with considering the PV capacity Factors (PVF), PCM type, and PCM thickness. According to the influence on the ZEP, the key parameters of the coupling system were ranked as follows: PVF > PCM melting temperature > PCM thickness. PCMs can reduce the PVF by 26.67% and assist the system achieving a 90% real-time ZEP in summer. The recommended PVF for the Hot-summer and Warm-winter and the Hot-summer and Cold-winter zone are 1.3 and 1.0, respectively, while the optimized PCM melting temperature are 27 °C and 26 °C, respectively. In summary, a complete evaluation method, a universal design route and different optimization schemes for PVACs coupled with PCMs and load flexibility were proposed in this paper, and it is conducive to the improvement of the real-time ZEP.

Suggested Citation

  • Li, Sihui & Peng, Jinqing & Li, Houpei & Zou, Bin & Song, Jiaming & Ma, Tao & Ji, Jie, 2022. "Zero energy potential of PV direct-driven air conditioners coupled with phase change materials and load flexibility," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 419-432.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:200:y:2022:i:c:p:419-432
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2022.09.088
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    Cited by:

    1. Li, Sihui & Peng, Jinqing & Wang, Meng & Wang, Kai & Li, Houpei & Lu, Chujie, 2024. "Approaching nearly zero energy of PV direct air conditioners by integrating building design, load flexibility and PCM," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    2. Jesus Fernando Hinojosa & Saul Fernando Moreno & Victor Manuel Maytorena, 2023. "Low-Temperature Applications of Phase Change Materials for Energy Storage: A Descriptive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-39, March.
    3. Wang, Kai & Peng, Jinqing & Li, Sihui & Li, Houpei & Zou, Bin & Ma, Tao & Ji, Jie, 2024. "Compressor speed control for optimizing energy matching of PV-driven AC systems during the cooling season," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 298(C).

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