IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v306y2022ipas0306261921013118.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Optimized design of a distributed photovoltaic system in a building with phase change materials

Author

Listed:
  • Sun, Xiaoqin
  • Lin, Yian
  • Zhu, Ziyang
  • Li, Jie

Abstract

Building decarbonization is one of the most important ways to stop or reverse climate change. Phase change materials (PCMs) were embedded into a building wall to reduce air conditioning energy consumption and related carbon emissions in this article. Moreover, a distributed photovoltaic (PV) system was designed to provide electricity for the building. The thermal and electrical performance of the building with four different amounts of PCMs and a PV system was simulated and compared with a building using PV system only. To validate the simulated results, an experimental apparatus for buildings with PCMs and a PV system was designed and constructed. Results show that the peak demand load is reduced by maximum of 47% using 5.2 vol% PCMs and shifted by one hour in summer. However, the demand load is 1.3% higher during daytime in winter. Three different optimizations were conducted with the aim of highest building self-balance and PV self-consumption as well as minimum interactions between buildings and grid. The economic benefits for the building with PCMs are higher because of the reduction of peak demand load. However, the payback period is 0.5 year longer for the building with PCMs than the reference building. The carbon emissions are reduced by 11.58 kg more using 5.2 vol% PCMs in a building with an area of 6.25 m2, compared to the reference building.

Suggested Citation

  • Sun, Xiaoqin & Lin, Yian & Zhu, Ziyang & Li, Jie, 2022. "Optimized design of a distributed photovoltaic system in a building with phase change materials," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PA).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:306:y:2022:i:pa:s0306261921013118
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.118010
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261921013118
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.118010?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Abden, Md Jaynul & Tao, Zhong & Pan, Zhu & George, Laurel & Wuhrer, Richard, 2020. "Inclusion of methyl stearate/diatomite composite in gypsum board ceiling for building energy conservation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    2. Kuik, Onno & Branger, Frédéric & Quirion, Philippe, 2019. "Competitive advantage in the renewable energy industry: Evidence from a gravity model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 472-481.
    3. Yuan, Weiqi & Ji, Jie & Modjinou, Mawufemo & Zhou, Fan & Li, Zhaomeng & Song, Zhiying & Huang, Shengjuan & Zhao, Xudong, 2018. "Numerical simulation and experimental validation of the solar photovoltaic/thermal system with phase change material," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C), pages 715-727.
    4. Roos, Aleksandra & Bolkesjø, Torjus Folsland, 2018. "Value of demand flexibility on spot and reserve electricity markets in future power system with increased shares of variable renewable energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 207-217.
    5. Arkar, C. & Žižak, T. & Domjan, S. & Medved, S., 2020. "Dynamic parametric models for the holistic evaluation of semi-transparent photovoltaic/thermal façade with latent storage inserts," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    6. Ren, Miao & Liu, Yushi & Gao, Xiaojian, 2020. "Incorporation of phase change material and carbon nanofibers into lightweight aggregate concrete for thermal energy regulation in buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    7. Zhang, Yelin & Zhang, Xingxing & Huang, Pei & Sun, Yongjun, 2020. "Global sensitivity analysis for key parameters identification of net-zero energy buildings for grid interaction optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    8. Smith, Christopher J. & Forster, Piers M. & Crook, Rolf, 2014. "Global analysis of photovoltaic energy output enhanced by phase change material cooling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 21-28.
    9. Zhu, Na & Li, Shanshan & Hu, Pingfang & Lei, Fei & Deng, Renjie, 2019. "Numerical investigations on performance of phase change material Trombe wall in building," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    10. de Gracia, Alvaro & Tarragona, Joan & Crespo, Alicia & Fernández, Cèsar, 2020. "Smart control of dynamic phase change material wall system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    11. Mohseni, Ehsan & Tang, Waiching, 2021. "Parametric analysis and optimisation of energy efficiency of a lightweight building integrated with different configurations and types of PCM," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 865-877.
    12. Baetens, R. & De Coninck, R. & Van Roy, J. & Verbruggen, B. & Driesen, J. & Helsen, L. & Saelens, D., 2012. "Assessing electrical bottlenecks at feeder level for residential net zero-energy buildings by integrated system simulation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 74-83.
    13. Ridha, Hussein Mohammed & Gomes, Chandima & Hazim, Hashim & Ahmadipour, Masoud, 2020. "Sizing and implementing off-grid stand-alone photovoltaic/battery systems based on multi-objective optimization and techno-economic (MADE) analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C).
    14. Hossain, M.S. & Pandey, A.K. & Selvaraj, Jeyraj & Rahim, Nasrudin Abd & Islam, M.M. & Tyagi, V.V., 2019. "Two side serpentine flow based photovoltaic-thermal-phase change materials (PVT-PCM) system: Energy, exergy and economic analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 1320-1336.
    15. Saffari, Mohammad & de Gracia, Alvaro & Fernández, Cèsar & Belusko, Martin & Boer, Dieter & Cabeza, Luisa F., 2018. "Optimized demand side management (DSM) of peak electricity demand by coupling low temperature thermal energy storage (TES) and solar PV," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 604-616.
    16. Mulleriyawage, U.G.K. & Shen, W.X., 2020. "Optimally sizing of battery energy storage capacity by operational optimization of residential PV-Battery systems: An Australian household case study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 852-864.
    17. Georgiou, Giorgos S. & Christodoulides, Paul & Kalogirou, Soteris A., 2020. "Optimizing the energy storage schedule of a battery in a PV grid-connected nZEB using linear programming," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).
    18. Khalilmoghadam, Pooria & Rajabi-Ghahnavieh, Abbas & Shafii, Mohammad Behshad, 2021. "A novel energy storage system for latent heat recovery in solar still using phase change material and pulsating heat pipe," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 2115-2127.
    19. Gernaat, David E.H.J. & de Boer, Harmen-Sytze & Dammeier, Louise C. & van Vuuren, Detlef P., 2020. "The role of residential rooftop photovoltaic in long-term energy and climate scenarios," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    20. Zhao, Jiaxin & Ma, Tao & Li, Zhenpeng & Song, Aotian, 2019. "Year-round performance analysis of a photovoltaic panel coupled with phase change material," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C), pages 51-64.
    21. Lorenzi, Guido & Silva, Carlos Augusto Santos, 2016. "Comparing demand response and battery storage to optimize self-consumption in PV systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 524-535.
    22. Sharma, Vanika & Haque, Mohammed H. & Aziz, Syed Mahfuzul, 2019. "Energy cost minimization for net zero energy homes through optimal sizing of battery storage system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 278-286.
    23. Sun, Xiaoqin & Jovanovic, Jovana & Zhang, Yuan & Fan, Siyuan & Chu, Youhong & Mo, Yajing & Liao, Shuguang, 2019. "Use of encapsulated phase change materials in lightweight building walls for annual thermal regulation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 858-872.
    24. Luthander, Rasmus & Widén, Joakim & Nilsson, Daniel & Palm, Jenny, 2015. "Photovoltaic self-consumption in buildings: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 80-94.
    25. Luerssen, Christoph & Gandhi, Oktoviano & Reindl, Thomas & Sekhar, Chandra & Cheong, David, 2020. "Life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) of PV-powered cooling systems with thermal energy and battery storage for off-grid applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Gao, Huan & Bing, Naici & Xie, Huaqing & Yu, Wei, 2022. "Energy harvesting and storage blocks based on 3D oriented expanded graphite and stearic acid with high thermal conductivity for solar thermal application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PA).
    2. Zheng, Nan & Zhang, Hanfei & Duan, Liqiang & Wang, Xiaomeng & Liu, Luyao, 2022. "Energy, exergy, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental analysis and optimization of a novel partially covered parabolic trough photovoltaic thermal collector based on life cycle method," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 1573-1588.
    3. Li, Sihui & Peng, Jinqing & Li, Houpei & Zou, Bin & Song, Jiaming & Ma, Tao & Ji, Jie, 2022. "Zero energy potential of PV direct-driven air conditioners coupled with phase change materials and load flexibility," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 419-432.
    4. Angela María Gómez-Restrepo & Juan David González-Ruiz & Sergio Botero Botero, 2024. "Financial Investment Valuation Models for Photovoltaic and Energy Storage Projects: Trends and Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-29, May.
    5. Rahimpour, Zahra & Verbič, Gregor & Chapman, Archie C., 2022. "Can phase change materials in building insulation improve self-consumption of residential rooftop solar? An Australian case study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 24-34.
    6. He, Yecong & Sun, Jie & Deng, Qi & Zhang, Xiaofeng & Liu, Huaican & Wen, Ke & Zhou, Jifei, 2023. "Teaching building towards carbon neutrality: Power matching and economy of source-grid-load-storage system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    7. Ke, Wei & Ji, Jie & Zhang, Chengyan & Xie, Hao, 2023. "Field experimental test and performance analysis of a novel hybrid CdTe PV glass module integrated with phase change materials," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    8. Sohani, Ali & Cornaro, Cristina & Shahverdian, Mohammad Hassan & Moser, David & Pierro, Marco & Olabi, Abdul Ghani & Karimi, Nader & Nižetić, Sandro & Li, Larry K.B. & Doranehgard, Mohammad Hossein, 2023. "Techno-economic evaluation of a hybrid photovoltaic system with hot/cold water storage for poly-generation in a residential building," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).
    9. Zhou, Yuekuan, 2022. "Demand response flexibility with synergies on passive PCM walls, BIPVs, and active air-conditioning system in a subtropical climate," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 204-225.
    10. Palmer, Ben & Arshad, Adeel & Yang, Yan & Wen, Chuang, 2023. "Energy storage performance improvement of phase change materials-based triplex-tube heat exchanger (TTHX) using liquid–solid interface-informed fin configurations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 333(C).
    11. Xue Mi & Chao Chen & Haoqi Fu & Gongcheng Li & Yongxiang Jiao & Fengtao Han, 2023. "Experimental Study on Heat Storage/Release Performances of Composite Phase Change Thermal Storage Heating Wallboards Based on Photovoltaic Electric-Thermal Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-17, March.
    12. Karthikeyan Velmurugan & Rajvikram Madurai Elavarasan & Pham Van De & Vaithinathan Karthikeyan & Tulja Bhavani Korukonda & Joshuva Arockia Dhanraj & Kanchanok Emsaeng & Md. Shahariar Chowdhury & Kuaan, 2022. "A Review of Heat Batteries Based PV Module Cooling—Case Studies on Performance Enhancement of Large-Scale Solar PV System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-65, February.
    13. Zheng, Nan & Zhang, Hanfei & Duan, Liqiang & Wang, Qiushi & Bischi, Aldo & Desideri, Umberto, 2023. "Techno-economic analysis of a novel solar-driven PEMEC-SOFC-based multi-generation system coupled parabolic trough photovoltaic thermal collector and thermal energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Wu, Yaling & Liu, Zhongbing & Liu, Jiangyang & Xiao, Hui & Liu, Ruimiao & Zhang, Ling, 2022. "Optimal battery capacity of grid-connected PV-battery systems considering battery degradation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 10-23.
    2. Zou, Bin & Peng, Jinqing & Li, Sihui & Li, Yi & Yan, Jinyue & Yang, Hongxing, 2022. "Comparative study of the dynamic programming-based and rule-based operation strategies for grid-connected PV-battery systems of office buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    3. Kazemian, Arash & Khatibi, Meysam & Reza Maadi, Seyed & Ma, Tao, 2021. "Performance optimization of a nanofluid-based photovoltaic thermal system integrated with nano-enhanced phase change material," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 295(C).
    4. Lucas Deotti & Wanessa Guedes & Bruno Dias & Tiago Soares, 2020. "Technical and Economic Analysis of Battery Storage for Residential Solar Photovoltaic Systems in the Brazilian Regulatory Context," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-30, December.
    5. Zhang, Yelin & Zhang, Xingxing & Huang, Pei & Sun, Yongjun, 2020. "Global sensitivity analysis for key parameters identification of net-zero energy buildings for grid interaction optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    6. Jaszczur, Marek & Hassan, Qusay & Abdulateef, Ammar M. & Abdulateef, Jasim, 2021. "Assessing the temporal load resolution effect on the photovoltaic energy flows and self-consumption," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 1077-1090.
    7. Tariq, Rasikh & Xamán, J. & Bassam, A. & Ricalde, Luis J. & Soberanis, M.A. Escalante, 2020. "Multidimensional assessment of a photovoltaic air collector integrated phase changing material considering Mexican climatic conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    8. Yu, Qinghua & Chen, Xi & Yang, Hongxing, 2021. "Research progress on utilization of phase change materials in photovoltaic/thermal systems: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    9. Yazhou Zhao & Xiangxi Qin & Xiangyu Shi, 2022. "A Comprehensive Evaluation Model on Optimal Operational Schedules for Battery Energy Storage System by Maximizing Self-Consumption Strategy and Genetic Algorithm," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-34, July.
    10. Ma, Tao & Li, Meng & Kazemian, Arash, 2020. "Photovoltaic thermal module and solar thermal collector connected in series to produce electricity and high-grade heat simultaneously," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    11. Oscar Villegas Mier & Anna Dittmann & Wiebke Herzberg & Holger Ruf & Elke Lorenz & Michael Schmidt & Rainer Gasper, 2023. "Predictive Control of a Real Residential Heating System with Short-Term Solar Power Forecast," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-19, October.
    12. Mulleriyawage, U.G.K. & Shen, W.X., 2021. "Impact of demand side management on optimal sizing of residential battery energy storage system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 1250-1266.
    13. Russo, Marianna & Bertsch, Valentin, 2020. "A looming revolution: Implications of self-generation for the risk exposure of retailers," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    14. Ren, Haoshan & Ma, Zhenjun & Fai Norman Tse, Chung & Sun, Yongjun, 2022. "Optimal control of solar-powered electric bus networks with improved renewable energy on-site consumption and reduced grid dependence," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).
    15. Gul, Eid & Baldinelli, Giorgio & Bartocci, Pietro & Bianchi, Francesco & Domenghini, Piergiovanni & Cotana, Franco & Wang, Jinwen, 2022. "A techno-economic analysis of a solar PV and DC battery storage system for a community energy sharing," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PB).
    16. Olexandr Shavolkin & Iryna Shvedchykova & Juraj Gerlici & Kateryna Kravchenko & František Pribilinec, 2022. "Use of Hybrid Photovoltaic Systems with a Storage Battery for the Remote Objects of Railway Transport Infrastructure," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-19, July.
    17. Muhammad Aftab Rafiq & Liguo Zhang & Chih-Chun Kung, 2022. "A Techno-Economic Analysis of Solar Energy Developmental Under Competing Technologies: A Case Study in Jiangxi, China," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(2), pages 21582440221, June.
    18. Rocha, Helder R.O. & Fiorotti, Rodrigo & Louzada, Danilo M. & Silvestre, Leonardo J. & Celeste, Wanderley C. & Silva, Jair A.L., 2024. "Net Zero Energy cost Building system design based on Artificial Intelligence," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 355(C).
    19. Kang, Hyuna & Jung, Seunghoon & Kim, Hakpyeong & Hong, Juwon & Jeoung, Jaewon & Hong, Taehoon, 2023. "Multi-objective sizing and real-time scheduling of battery energy storage in energy-sharing community based on reinforcement learning," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    20. Sarrafha, Hamid & Kasaeian, Alibakhsh & Jahangir, Mohammad Hossein & Taylor, Robert A., 2021. "Transient thermal response of multi-walled carbon nanotube phase change materials in building walls," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:306:y:2022:i:pa:s0306261921013118. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.