IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v298y2024ics0360544224010430.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Compressor speed control for optimizing energy matching of PV-driven AC systems during the cooling season

Author

Listed:
  • Wang, Kai
  • Peng, Jinqing
  • Li, Sihui
  • Li, Houpei
  • Zou, Bin
  • Ma, Tao
  • Ji, Jie

Abstract

Photovoltaic-driven air conditioning (PVAC) systems innovatively utilize PV power for building cooling, reducing PV power fluctuation impact on the utility grid. This study introduced a novel PVAC system that optimizes the energy matching between PV generation and air conditioning electricity demand through directly controlling of the compressor speed in accordance with the real-time PV power generation. A PID control method was employed to regulate the compressor speed of PVAC, and three control strategies were proposed and successfully implemented during the experiments. The system's efficiency was evaluated using metrics such as the self-consumption rate (SCR), self-sufficiency rate (SSR), real-time zero energy proportion (RZEP), and the mean absolute error (MAE) of indoor temperature. The results of this study confirm that the proposed control method significantly enhances the power matching between the PV power generation and the air conditioning electricity demand. Implementing the recommended strategy, SCR increased from 0.53 to 0.625 and SSR from 0.716 to 0.808, all while maintaining indoor thermal comfort. Moreover, the proposed approach mitigates the impact of distributed PV generation on the utility grid and potentially diminishes energy storage needs, which can contribute to a lower system investment requirements and operating costs.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Kai & Peng, Jinqing & Li, Sihui & Li, Houpei & Zou, Bin & Ma, Tao & Ji, Jie, 2024. "Compressor speed control for optimizing energy matching of PV-driven AC systems during the cooling season," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 298(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:298:y:2024:i:c:s0360544224010430
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.131270
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544224010430
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2024.131270?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Li, Y. & Zhao, B.Y. & Zhao, Z.G. & Taylor, R.A. & Wang, R.Z., 2018. "Performance study of a grid-connected photovoltaic powered central air conditioner in the South China climate," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 1113-1125.
    2. Li, Guoliang & Han, Youhua & Li, Ming & Luo, Xi & Xu, Yongfeng & Wang, Yunfeng & Zhang, Ying, 2021. "Study on matching characteristics of photovoltaic disturbance and refrigeration compressor in solar photovoltaic direct-drive air conditioning system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 1145-1153.
    3. Mokesioluwa Fanoro & Mladen Božanić & Saurabh Sinha, 2022. "A Review of the Impact of Battery Degradation on Energy Management Systems with a Special Emphasis on Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-29, August.
    4. Li, Houpei & Li, Jun & Li, Sihui & Peng, Jinqing & Ji, Jie & Yan, Jinyue, 2023. "Matching characteristics and AC performance of the photovoltaic-driven air conditioning system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    5. Chua, K.J. & Chou, S.K. & Yang, W.M. & Yan, J., 2013. "Achieving better energy-efficient air conditioning – A review of technologies and strategies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 87-104.
    6. Chaudhary, Priyanka & Rizwan, M., 2018. "Voltage regulation mitigation techniques in distribution system with high PV penetration: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 3279-3287.
    7. Gang Liang & Bing Sun & Yuan Zeng & Leijiao Ge & Yunfei Li & Yu Wang, 2022. "An Optimal Allocation Method of Distributed PV and Energy Storage Considering Moderate Curtailment Measure," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-19, October.
    8. Gao, Yuhe & Ji, Jie & Han, Kedong & Zhang, Feng, 2021. "Experimental and numerical study of a PV/T direct-driven refrigeration/heating system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    9. Salpakari, Jyri & Lund, Peter, 2016. "Optimal and rule-based control strategies for energy flexibility in buildings with PV," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 425-436.
    10. Jiang, Zhimin & Cai, Jie & Moses, Paul S., 2020. "Smoothing control of solar photovoltaic generation using building thermal loads," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    11. Li, Sihui & Peng, Jinqing & Li, Houpei & Zou, Bin & Song, Jiaming & Ma, Tao & Ji, Jie, 2022. "Zero energy potential of PV direct-driven air conditioners coupled with phase change materials and load flexibility," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 419-432.
    12. Li, Sihui & Peng, Jinqing & Zou, Bin & Li, Bojia & Lu, Chujie & Cao, Jingyu & Luo, Yimo & Ma, Tao, 2021. "Zero energy potential of photovoltaic direct-driven air conditioners with considering the load flexibility of air conditioners," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    13. Karimi, M. & Mokhlis, H. & Naidu, K. & Uddin, S. & Bakar, A.H.A., 2016. "Photovoltaic penetration issues and impacts in distribution network – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 594-605.
    14. Najwa Syahirah Mohamed Nor Izam & Zarina Itam & Wong Leong Sing & Agusril Syamsir, 2022. "Sustainable Development Perspectives of Solar Energy Technologies with Focus on Solar Photovoltaic—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-15, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Li, Houpei & Li, Jun & Li, Sihui & Peng, Jinqing & Ji, Jie & Yan, Jinyue, 2023. "Matching characteristics and AC performance of the photovoltaic-driven air conditioning system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    2. Stecanella, Priscilla A. Juá & Camargos, Ronaldo S.C. & Vieira, Daniel & Domingues, Elder G. & Ferreira Filho, Anésio de L., 2022. "A methodology for determining the incentive policy for photovoltaic distributed generation that leverages its technical benefits in the distribution system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 474-485.
    3. Li, Sihui & Peng, Jinqing & Wang, Meng & Wang, Kai & Li, Houpei & Lu, Chujie, 2024. "Approaching nearly zero energy of PV direct air conditioners by integrating building design, load flexibility and PCM," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    4. Ali, Md Sawkat & Haque, Md Mejbaul & Wolfs, Peter, 2019. "A review of topological ordering based voltage rise mitigation methods for LV distribution networks with high levels of photovoltaic penetration," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 463-476.
    5. Kryonidis, Georgios C. & Kontis, Eleftherios O. & Papadopoulos, Theofilos A. & Pippi, Kalliopi D. & Nousdilis, Angelos I. & Barzegkar-Ntovom, Georgios A. & Boubaris, Alexandros D. & Papanikolaou, Nick, 2021. "Ancillary services in active distribution networks: A review of technological trends from operational and online analysis perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    6. Solano, J.C. & Olivieri, L. & Caamaño-Martín, E., 2017. "Assessing the potential of PV hybrid systems to cover HVAC loads in a grid-connected residential building through intelligent control," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 249-266.
    7. Jing, Gang & Cai, Wenjian & Zhang, Xin & Cui, Can & Yin, Xiaohong & Xian, Huacai, 2019. "An energy-saving oriented air balancing strategy for multi-zone demand-controlled ventilation system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 1053-1065.
    8. Dimitar Bozalakov & Mohannad J. Mnati & Joannes Laveyne & Jan Desmet & Lieven Vandevelde, 2019. "Battery Storage Integration in Voltage Unbalance and Overvoltage Mitigation Control Strategies and Its Impact on the Power Quality," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-26, April.
    9. Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar & Aneesh A. Chand & Maria Malvoni & Kushal A. Prasad & Kabir A. Mamun & F.R. Islam & Shauhrat S. Chopra, 2020. "Distributed Energy Resources and the Application of AI, IoT, and Blockchain in Smart Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-42, November.
    10. Yao, Jian & Dou, Pengbo & Zheng, Sihang & Zhao, Yao & Dai, Yanjun & Zhu, Junjie & Novakovic, Vojislav, 2022. "Co-generation ability investigation of the novel structured PVT heat pump system and its effect on the “Carbon neutral” strategy of Shanghai," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PA).
    11. Niamsuwan, Sathit & Kittisupakorn, Paisan & Suwatthikul, Ajaree, 2015. "Enhancement of energy efficiency in a paint curing oven via CFD approach: Case study in an air-conditioning plant," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 465-477.
    12. Svetlana Ratner & Yuri Chepurko & Larisa Drobyshecskaya & Anna Petrovskaya, 2018. "Management of Energy Enterprises: Energy-efficiency Approach in Solar Collectors Industry: The Case of Russia," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 8(4), pages 237-243.
    13. Yang, Xiaohu & Yu, Jiabang & Guo, Zengxu & Jin, Liwen & He, Ya-Ling, 2019. "Role of porous metal foam on the heat transfer enhancement for a thermal energy storage tube," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 142-156.
    14. Wang, Wenqing & Kolditz, Olaf & Nagel, Thomas, 2017. "Parallel finite element modelling of multi-physical processes in thermochemical energy storage devices," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P2), pages 1954-1964.
    15. Yang, Shiyu & Wan, Man Pun & Ng, Bing Feng & Dubey, Swapnil & Henze, Gregor P. & Chen, Wanyu & Baskaran, Krishnamoorthy, 2020. "Experimental study of model predictive control for an air-conditioning system with dedicated outdoor air system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    16. Enrico Dalla Maria & Mattia Secchi & David Macii, 2021. "A Flexible Top-Down Data-Driven Stochastic Model for Synthetic Load Profiles Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-20, December.
    17. Sardi, Junainah & Mithulananthan, N. & Hung, Duong Quoc, 2017. "Strategic allocation of community energy storage in a residential system with rooftop PV units," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 159-171.
    18. Bertolini, Marina & D'Alpaos, Chiara & Moretto, Michele, 2018. "Do Smart Grids boost investments in domestic PV plants? Evidence from the Italian electricity market," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 890-902.
    19. Yuan, Zhipeng & Liu, Qi & Luo, Baojun & Li, Zhenming & Fu, Jianqin & Chen, Jingwei, 2018. "Thermodynamic analysis of different oil flooded compression enhanced vapor injection cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 553-560.
    20. Tong, Zheming & Chen, Yujiao & Malkawi, Ali & Liu, Zhu & Freeman, Richard B., 2016. "Energy saving potential of natural ventilation in China: The impact of ambient air pollution," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 660-668.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:298:y:2024:i:c:s0360544224010430. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.