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Influence of fuel type, dilution and equivalence ratio on the emission reduction from the auto-ignition in an Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition engine

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  • Machrafi, Hatim
  • Cavadias, Simeon
  • Amouroux, Jacques

Abstract

One technology that seems to be promising for automobile pollution reduction is the Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI). This technology still faces auto-ignition and emission-control problems. This paper focuses on the emission problem, since it is incumbent to realize engines that pollute less. For this purpose, this paper presents results concerning the measurement of the emissions of CO, NOx, CO2, O2 and hydrocarbons. HCCI conditions are used, with equivalence ratios between 0.26 and 0.54, inlet temperatures of 70°C and 120°C and compression ratios of 10.2 and 13.5, with different fuel types: gasoline, gasoline surrogate, diesel, diesel surrogate and mixtures of n-heptane/toluene. The effect of dilution is considered for gasoline, while the effect of the equivalence ratio is considered for all the fuels. No significant amount of NOx has been measured. It appeared that the CO, O2 and hydrocarbon emissions were reduced by decreasing the toluene content of the fuel and by decreasing the dilution. The opposite holds for CO2. The reduction of the hydrocarbon emission appears to compete with the reduction of the CO2 emission. Diesel seemed to produce less CO and hydrocarbons than gasoline when auto-ignited. An example of emission reduction control is presented in this paper.

Suggested Citation

  • Machrafi, Hatim & Cavadias, Simeon & Amouroux, Jacques, 2010. "Influence of fuel type, dilution and equivalence ratio on the emission reduction from the auto-ignition in an Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(4), pages 1829-1838.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:35:y:2010:i:4:p:1829-1838
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2010.01.002
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shi, Lei & Cui, Yi & Deng, Kangyao & Peng, Haiyong & Chen, Yuanyuan, 2006. "Study of low emission homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine using combined internal and external exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(14), pages 2665-2676.
    2. Torres García, Miguel & José Jiménez-Espadafor Aguilar, Francisco & Sánchez Lencero, Tomás, 2009. "Experimental study of the performances of a modified diesel engine operating in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion mode versus the original diesel combustion mode," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(2), pages 159-171.
    3. Hountalas, D.T. & Mavropoulos, G.C. & Binder, K.B., 2008. "Effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) temperature for various EGR rates on heavy duty DI diesel engine performance and emissions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(2), pages 272-283.
    4. Ganesh, D. & Nagarajan, G., 2010. "Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion of diesel fuel with external mixture formation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 148-157.
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    1. Zhang, Chao & Zhang, Chunhua & Xue, Le & Li, Yangyang, 2017. "Combustion characteristics and operation range of a RCCI combustion engine fueled with direct injection n-heptane and pipe injection n-butanol," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 439-448.
    2. Najjar, Yousef S.H., 2011. "Comparison of performance of a Greener direct-injection stratified-charge (DISC) engine with a spark-ignition engine using a simplified model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 4136-4143.
    3. Cha, Junepyo & Yoon, Sungjun & Lee, Seokhwon & Park, Sungwook, 2015. "Effects of intake oxygen mole fraction on the near-stoichiometric combustion and emission characteristics of a CI (compression ignition) engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 677-686.
    4. Lu, Xingcai & Zhou, Xiaoxin & Ji, Libin & Yang, Zheng & Han, Dong & Huang, Chen & Huang, Zhen, 2013. "Experimental studies on the dual-fuel sequential combustion and emission simulation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 358-373.
    5. M. Mofijur & M.M. Hasan & T.M.I. Mahlia & S.M. Ashrafur Rahman & A.S. Silitonga & Hwai Chyuan Ong, 2019. "Performance and Emission Parameters of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engine: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-21, September.

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