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Remarkable improvement of NOx–PM trade-off in a diesel engine by means of bioethanol and EGR

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  • Ishida, Masahiro
  • Yamamoto, Shohei
  • Ueki, Hironobu
  • Sakaguchi, Daisaku

Abstract

In order to realize a premixed compression ignition (PCI) engine, the effects of bioethanol–gas oil blends and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on PM–NOx trade-off have been investigated focusing on ignition delay, premixed combustion, diffusion combustion, smoke, NOx and thermal efficiency. The present experiment was done by increasing the ethanol blend ratio and ethanol and by increasing the EGR ratio in a single cylinder direct injection diesel engine. It is found that a remarkable improvement in PM–NOx trade-off can be achieved by promoting the premixing based on the ethanol blend fuel having low evaporation temperature, large latent heat and low cetane number as well, in addition, based on a marked elongation of ignition delay due to the low cetane number fuel and the low oxygen intake charge. As a result, very low levels of NOx and PM, which satisfies the 2009 emission standards imposed on heavy duty diesel engines in Japan, were achieved without deterioration of brake thermal efficiency in the PCI engine fuelled with the 50% ethanol blend diesel fuel and the high EGR ratio. It is noticed that smoke can be reduced even by increasing the EGR ratio under the highly premixed condition.

Suggested Citation

  • Ishida, Masahiro & Yamamoto, Shohei & Ueki, Hironobu & Sakaguchi, Daisaku, 2010. "Remarkable improvement of NOx–PM trade-off in a diesel engine by means of bioethanol and EGR," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 4572-4581.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:35:y:2010:i:12:p:4572-4581
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2010.03.039
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    8. Tira, H.S. & Herreros, J.M. & Tsolakis, A. & Wyszynski, M.L., 2012. "Characteristics of LPG-diesel dual fuelled engine operated with rapeseed methyl ester and gas-to-liquid diesel fuels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 620-629.
    9. Sukjit, E. & Herreros, J.M. & Dearn, K.D. & García-Contreras, R. & Tsolakis, A., 2012. "The effect of the addition of individual methyl esters on the combustion and emissions of ethanol and butanol -diesel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 364-374.
    10. Park, Su Han & Shin, Dalho & Park, Jeonghyun, 2016. "Effect of ethanol fraction on the combustion and emission characteristics of a dimethyl ether-ethanol dual-fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 243-252.
    11. Chintala, Venkateswarlu & Subramanian, K.A., 2013. "A CFD (computational fluid dynamics) study for optimization of gas injector orientation for performance improvement of a dual-fuel diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 709-721.
    12. Jia, Ming & Li, Yaopeng & Xie, Maozhao & Wang, Tianyou, 2013. "Numerical evaluation of the potential of late intake valve closing strategy for diesel PCCI (premixed charge compression ignition) engine in a wide speed and load range," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 203-215.
    13. Ma, Yu & Zhu, Mingming & Zhang, Dongke, 2013. "The effect of a homogeneous combustion catalyst on exhaust emissions from a single cylinder diesel engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 556-562.
    14. Gong, Chang-Ming & Huang, Kuo & Jia, Jing-Long & Su, Yan & Gao, Qing & Liu, Xun-Jun, 2011. "Regulated emissions from a direct-injection spark-ignition methanol engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 3379-3387.
    15. Mohan, Balaji & Yang, Wenming & Chou, Siaw kiang, 2013. "Fuel injection strategies for performance improvement and emissions reduction in compression ignition engines—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 664-676.
    16. Park, Su Han & Cha, Junepyo & Lee, Chang Sik, 2012. "Impact of biodiesel in bioethanol blended diesel on the engine performance and emissions characteristics in compression ignition engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 334-343.
    17. Rajesh Kumar, B. & Saravanan, S., 2016. "Use of higher alcohol biofuels in diesel engines: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 84-115.
    18. Fayad, Mohammed A. & Tsolakis, Athanasios & Martos, Francisco J., 2020. "Influence of alternative fuels on combustion and characteristics of particulate matter morphology in a compression ignition diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 962-969.
    19. Esarte, Claudia & Abián, María & Millera, Ángela & Bilbao, Rafael & Alzueta, María U., 2012. "Gas and soot products formed in the pyrolysis of acetylene mixed with methanol, ethanol, isopropanol or n-butanol," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 43(1), pages 37-46.

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