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Review of dual-fuel combustion in the compression-ignition engine: Spray, combustion, and emission

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  • Pham, Quangkhai
  • Park, Sungwook
  • Agarwal, Avinash Kumar
  • Park, Suhan

Abstract

Increasing global demand for transport energy and concerns regarding diesel engine emissions have motivated alternative fuels for the internal combustion (IC) engine. Numerous researchers have investigated alternative fuels in the diesel engines’ dual-fuel mode to improve the emission profiles and energy consumption for transportation and distribution activities. In this review, the engine performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of alternative fuels (hydrogen, natural gas, biodiesel) in dual-fuel mode in compression ignition (CI) engines are thoroughly analyzed. Due to different fuel properties in a dual-fuel mode, the size distribution of spray droplets, and consequent mixing with ambient air, generally improve the brake specific energy consumption (BSEC) compared to the baseline diesel mode. However, the performance of the dual-fuel engine based on brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and volumetric efficiency remains significantly lower. The dual-fuel combustion mode in an engine significantly increases the in-cylinder pressure and the heat release rate and extends the ignition delay. The emission characteristics indicated a trade-off between nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbon emissions, and reduced nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, and smoke were influenced by engine load, blend ratio, and injection timing. However, the dual-fuel engine shows a significant increase in hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions (up to several times) compared to a normal diesel engine.

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  • Pham, Quangkhai & Park, Sungwook & Agarwal, Avinash Kumar & Park, Suhan, 2022. "Review of dual-fuel combustion in the compression-ignition engine: Spray, combustion, and emission," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:250:y:2022:i:c:s0360544222006818
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.123778
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    2. Rafael Estevez & Francisco J. López-Tenllado & Laura Aguado-Deblas & Felipa M. Bautista & Antonio A. Romero & Diego Luna, 2023. "Current Research on Green Ammonia (NH 3 ) as a Potential Vector Energy for Power Storage and Engine Fuels: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-33, July.
    3. Nadimi, Ebrahim & Przybyła, Grzegorz & Løvås, Terese & Peczkis, Grzegorz & Adamczyk, Wojciech, 2023. "Experimental and numerical study on direct injection of liquid ammonia and its injection timing in an ammonia-biodiesel dual injection engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    4. Lv, Chengkun & Xu, Haiqi & Chang, Juntao & Wang, Youyin & Chen, Ruoyu & Yu, Daren, 2022. "Mode transition analysis of a turbine-based combined-cycle considering ammonia injection pre-compressor cooling and variable-geometry ram-combustor," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PB).
    5. Pinto, G.M. & da Costa, R.B.R. & de Souza, T.A.Z. & Rosa, A.J.A.C. & Raats, O.O. & Roque, L.F.A. & Frez, G.V. & Coronado, C.J.R., 2023. "Experimental investigation of performance and emissions of a CI engine operating with HVO and farnesane in dual-fuel mode with natural gas and biogas," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    6. Liu, Shang & Lin, Zhelong & Zhang, Hao & Lei, Nuo & Qi, Yunliang & Wang, Zhi, 2023. "Impact of ammonia addition on knock resistance and combustion performance in a gasoline engine with high compression ratio," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PA).
    7. Maria Cristina Cameretti & Roberta De Robbio & Ezio Mancaruso & Marco Palomba, 2022. "CFD Study of Dual Fuel Combustion in a Research Diesel Engine Fueled by Hydrogen," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-21, July.
    8. Deng, Xiaorong & Li, Jing & Liang, Yifei & Yang, Wenming, 2023. "Dual-fuel engines fueled with n-butanol/n-octanol and n-butanol/DNBE: A comparative study of combustion and emissions characteristics," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PC).
    9. Alruqi, Mansoor & Sharma, Prabhakar & Ağbulut, Ümit, 2023. "Investigations on biomass gasification derived producer gas and algal biodiesel to power a dual-fuel engines: Application of neural networks optimized with Bayesian approach and K-cross fold," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    10. Park, Hyunwook & Shim, Euijoon & Lee, Junsun & Oh, Seungmook & Kim, Changup & Lee, Yonggyu & Kang, Kernyong, 2023. "Comparative evaluation of conventional dual fuel, early pilot, and reactivity-controlled compression ignition modes in a natural gas-diesel dual-fuel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).

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