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Single and dual stage closed-loop pressure retarded osmosis for power generation: Feasibility and performance

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  • Altaee, Ali
  • Palenzuela, Patricia
  • Zaragoza, Guillermo
  • AlAnezi, Adnan Alhathal

Abstract

This work proposes an analysis of conventional (single stage) and dual stage Closed-Loop Pressure Retarded Osmosis (CLPRO) for power generation from a salinity gradient resource. Model calculations were performed taking into account the influence of operating parameters such as the draw solution concentration, membrane area, and draw solution pressure on the performance of the CLPRO process. Modeling results showed that the dual stage CLPRO process outperformed the conventional CLPRO process and power generation increased 18% by adding a second stage of PRO membrane. Multi-Effect Distillation (MED) was selected for the regeneration of the draw solution taking advantage of an available source of waste heat energy. The performance of MED process has been assessed by investigating two key parameters: the specific thermal consumption and the specific heat transfer area. The model calculations showed that the power generation by the single and dual stage CLPRO was higher than the electrical power consumption by the MED plant. In the case of the power generation obtained by the dual stage CLPRO, it was 95% higher than the electrical power consumption by the MED plant, proving the possibility of using low-grade heat for producing electricity from a salinity gradient resource.

Suggested Citation

  • Altaee, Ali & Palenzuela, Patricia & Zaragoza, Guillermo & AlAnezi, Adnan Alhathal, 2017. "Single and dual stage closed-loop pressure retarded osmosis for power generation: Feasibility and performance," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 328-345.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:191:y:2017:i:c:p:328-345
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.01.073
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Altaee, Ali & Zhou, John & Alhathal Alanezi, Adnan & Zaragoza, Guillermo, 2017. "Pressure retarded osmosis process for power generation: Feasibility, energy balance and controlling parameters," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 303-311.
    2. Zadeh, Ali Etemad & Touati, Khaled & Mulligan, Catherine N. & McCutcheon, Jeffrey R. & Rahaman, Md. Saifur, 2022. "Closed-loop pressure retarded osmosis draw solutions and their regeneration processes: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    3. Ortega-Delgado, B. & Giacalone, F. & Cipollina, A. & Papapetrou, M. & Kosmadakis, G. & Tamburini, A. & Micale, G., 2019. "Boosting the performance of a Reverse Electrodialysis – Multi-Effect Distillation Heat Engine by novel solutions and operating conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    4. Altaee, Ali & Zaragoza, Guillermo & Drioli, Enrico & Zhou, John, 2017. "Evaluation the potential and energy efficiency of dual stage pressure retarded osmosis process," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 359-369.
    5. Wang, Yu & Luo, Shirui & Guo, Jiaji & Liu, Ming & Wang, Jinshi & Yan, Junjie & Luo, Tengfei, 2020. "LIS-PRO: A new concept of power generation from low temperature heat using liquid-phase ion-stripping-induced salinity gradient," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    6. Ali Altaee & Nahawand AlZainati, 2020. "Novel Thermal Desalination Brine Reject-Sewage Effluent Salinity Gradient for Power Generation and Dilution of Brine Reject," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-14, April.
    7. Touati, Khaled & Rahaman, Md. Saifur, 2020. "Viability of pressure-retarded osmosis for harvesting energy from salinity gradients," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    8. Tawalbeh, Muhammad & Al-Othman, Amani & Abdelwahab, Noun & Alami, Abdul Hai & Olabi, Abdul Ghani, 2021. "Recent developments in pressure retarded osmosis for desalination and power generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    9. Tufa, Ramato Ashu & Pawlowski, Sylwin & Veerman, Joost & Bouzek, Karel & Fontananova, Enrica & di Profio, Gianluca & Velizarov, Svetlozar & Goulão Crespo, João & Nijmeijer, Kitty & Curcio, Efrem, 2018. "Progress and prospects in reverse electrodialysis for salinity gradient energy conversion and storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 290-331.
    10. Touati, Khaled & Usman, Haamid Sani & Mulligan, Catherine N. & Rahaman, Md. Saifur, 2020. "Energetic and economic feasibility of a combined membrane-based process for sustainable water and energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    11. Patricia Palenzuela & Marina Micari & Bartolomé Ortega-Delgado & Francesco Giacalone & Guillermo Zaragoza & Diego-César Alarcón-Padilla & Andrea Cipollina & Alessandro Tamburini & Giorgio Micale, 2018. "Performance Analysis of a RED-MED Salinity Gradient Heat Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-23, December.

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