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Recent Advances in Osmotic Energy Generation via Pressure-Retarded Osmosis (PRO): A Review

Author

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  • Jihye Kim

    (School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Korea)

  • Kwanho Jeong

    (School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Korea)

  • Myoung Jun Park

    (School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Post Box 129, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia)

  • Ho Kyong Shon

    (School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Post Box 129, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia)

  • Joon Ha Kim

    (School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Korea)

Abstract

Global energy consumption has been highly dependent on fossil fuels which cause severe climate change and, therefore, the exploration of new technologies to produce effective renewable energy plays an important role in the world. Pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) is one of the promising candidates to reduce the reliance on fossil fuels by harnessing energy from the salinity gradient between seawater and fresh water. In PRO, water is transported though a semi-permeable membrane from a low-concentrated feed solution to a high-concentrated draw solution. The increased volumetric water flow then runs a hydro-turbine to generate power. PRO technology has rapidly improved in recent years; however, the commercial-scale PRO plant is yet to be developed. In this context, recent developments on the PRO process are reviewed in terms of mathematical models, membrane modules, process designs, numerical works, and fouling and cleaning. In addition, the research requirements to accelerate PRO commercialization are discussed. It is expected that this article can help comprehensively understand the PRO process and thereby provide essential information to activate further research and development.

Suggested Citation

  • Jihye Kim & Kwanho Jeong & Myoung Jun Park & Ho Kyong Shon & Joon Ha Kim, 2015. "Recent Advances in Osmotic Energy Generation via Pressure-Retarded Osmosis (PRO): A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(10), pages 1-25, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:8:y:2015:i:10:p:11821-11845:d:57417
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Matta, Saly M. & Selam, Muaz A. & Manzoor, Husnain & Adham, Samer & Shon, Ho Kyong & Castier, Marcelo & Abdel-Wahab, Ahmed, 2022. "Predicting the performance of spiral-wound membranes in pressure-retarded osmosis processes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 66-77.
    3. Cala, Anggie & Maturana-Córdoba, Aymer & Soto-Verjel, Joseph, 2023. "Exploring the pretreatments' influence on pressure reverse osmosis: PRISMA review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    4. Wan, Chun Feng & Chung, Tai-Shung, 2018. "Techno-economic evaluation of various RO+PRO and RO+FO integrated processes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 1038-1050.
    5. Konstantinos Zachopoulos & Nikolaos Kokkos & Costas Elmasides & Georgios Sylaios, 2022. "Coupling Hydrodynamic and Energy Production Models for Salinity Gradient Energy Assessment in a Salt-Wedge Estuary (Strymon River, Northern Greece)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-24, April.
    6. Tawalbeh, Muhammad & Al-Othman, Amani & Abdelwahab, Noun & Alami, Abdul Hai & Olabi, Abdul Ghani, 2021. "Recent developments in pressure retarded osmosis for desalination and power generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    7. Sung Ho Chae & Young Mi Kim & Hosik Park & Jangwon Seo & Seung Ji Lim & Joon Ha Kim, 2019. "Modeling and Simulation Studies Analyzing the Pressure-Retarded Osmosis (PRO) and PRO-Hybridized Processes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-38, January.
    8. Bassel A. Abdelkader & Mostafa H. Sharqawy, 2022. "Challenges Facing Pressure Retarded Osmosis Commercialization: A Short Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-24, October.

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