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Performance Analysis of a RED-MED Salinity Gradient Heat Engine

Author

Listed:
  • Patricia Palenzuela

    (CIEMAT-Plataforma Solar de Almería, Ctra. de Senés s/n, 04200 Tabernas, Almería, Spain)

  • Marina Micari

    (DIID—Dipartimento dell’Innovazione Industriale e Digitale—Ingegneria Chimica, Gestionale, Informatica, Meccanica, Università degli Studi di Palermo (UNIPA), viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy
    German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics, Pfaffenwaldring 38-40, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany)

  • Bartolomé Ortega-Delgado

    (DIID—Dipartimento dell’Innovazione Industriale e Digitale—Ingegneria Chimica, Gestionale, Informatica, Meccanica, Università degli Studi di Palermo (UNIPA), viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Francesco Giacalone

    (DIID—Dipartimento dell’Innovazione Industriale e Digitale—Ingegneria Chimica, Gestionale, Informatica, Meccanica, Università degli Studi di Palermo (UNIPA), viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Guillermo Zaragoza

    (CIEMAT-Plataforma Solar de Almería, Ctra. de Senés s/n, 04200 Tabernas, Almería, Spain)

  • Diego-César Alarcón-Padilla

    (CIEMAT-Plataforma Solar de Almería, Ctra. de Senés s/n, 04200 Tabernas, Almería, Spain)

  • Andrea Cipollina

    (DIID—Dipartimento dell’Innovazione Industriale e Digitale—Ingegneria Chimica, Gestionale, Informatica, Meccanica, Università degli Studi di Palermo (UNIPA), viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Alessandro Tamburini

    (DIID—Dipartimento dell’Innovazione Industriale e Digitale—Ingegneria Chimica, Gestionale, Informatica, Meccanica, Università degli Studi di Palermo (UNIPA), viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Giorgio Micale

    (DIID—Dipartimento dell’Innovazione Industriale e Digitale—Ingegneria Chimica, Gestionale, Informatica, Meccanica, Università degli Studi di Palermo (UNIPA), viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

Abstract

A performance analysis of a salinity gradient heat engine (SGP-HE) is presented for the conversion of low temperature heat into power via a closed-loop Reverse Electrodialysis (RED) coupled with Multi-Effect Distillation (MED). Mathematical models for the RED and MED systems have been purposely developed in order to investigate the performance of both processes and have been then coupled to analyze the efficiency of the overall integrated system. The influence of the main operating conditions (i.e., solutions concentration and velocity) has been quantified, looking at the power density and conversion efficiency of the RED unit, MED Specific Thermal Consumption (STC) and at the overall system exergy efficiency. Results show how the membrane properties (i.e., electrical resistance, permselectivity, water and salt permeability) dramatically affect the performance of the RED process. In particular, the power density achievable using membranes with optimized features (ideal membranes) can be more than three times higher than that obtained with current reference ion exchange membranes. On the other hand, MED STC is strongly influenced by the available waste heat temperature, feed salinity and recovery ratio to be achieved. Lowest values of STC below 25 kWh/m 3 can be reached at 100 °C and 27 effects. Increasing the feed salinity also increases the STC, while an increase in the recovery ratio is beneficial for the thermal efficiency of the system. For the integrated system, a more complex influence of operating parameters has been found, leading to the identification of some favorable operating conditions in which exergy efficiency close to 7% (1.4% thermal) can be achieved for the case of current membranes, and up to almost 31% (6.6% thermal) assuming ideal membrane properties.

Suggested Citation

  • Patricia Palenzuela & Marina Micari & Bartolomé Ortega-Delgado & Francesco Giacalone & Guillermo Zaragoza & Diego-César Alarcón-Padilla & Andrea Cipollina & Alessandro Tamburini & Giorgio Micale, 2018. "Performance Analysis of a RED-MED Salinity Gradient Heat Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-23, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:12:p:3385-:d:187457
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Tian, Hailong & Wang, Ying & Pei, Yuansheng & Crittenden, John C., 2020. "Unique applications and improvements of reverse electrodialysis: A review and outlook," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    2. Long, Rui & Zhao, Yanan & Li, Mingliang & Pan, Yao & Liu, Zhichun & Liu, Wei, 2021. "Evaluations of adsorbents and salt-methanol solutions for low-grade heat driven osmotic heat engines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    3. Weipeng Xian & Xiuhui Zuo & Changjia Zhu & Qing Guo & Qing-Wei Meng & Xincheng Zhu & Sai Wang & Shengqian Ma & Qi Sun, 2022. "Anomalous thermo-osmotic conversion performance of ionic covalent-organic-framework membranes in response to charge variations," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    4. Ortega-Delgado, B. & Giacalone, F. & Cipollina, A. & Papapetrou, M. & Kosmadakis, G. & Tamburini, A. & Micale, G., 2019. "Boosting the performance of a Reverse Electrodialysis – Multi-Effect Distillation Heat Engine by novel solutions and operating conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    5. Liu, Zijian & Lu, Ding & Guo, Hao & Zhang, Jiayu & Tao, Shen & Chen, Rundong & Chen, LingYu & Gong, Maoqiong, 2023. "Experimental study and prospect analysis of LiBr-H2O reverse electrodialysis heat engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 350(C).
    6. Michael Papapetrou & George Kosmadakis & Francesco Giacalone & Bartolomé Ortega-Delgado & Andrea Cipollina & Alessandro Tamburini & Giorgio Micale, 2019. "Evaluation of the Economic and Environmental Performance of Low-Temperature Heat to Power Conversion using a Reverse Electrodialysis – Multi-Effect Distillation System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-26, August.

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