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Energy recovery by pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) in SWRO–PRO integrated processes

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  • Wan, Chun Feng
  • Chung, Tai-Shung

Abstract

Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is a promising technology to reduce the specific energy consumption of a seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plant. In this study, it is projected that 25.6–40.7millionkWh/day of energy can be recovered globally, if the brines from SWRO are used as the draw solution and diluted to the seawater level in a PRO system. Detailed integrated SWRO–PRO processes are developed in this study with the option to form a closed-loop SWRO–PRO process that can substantially reduce the pretreatment cost of desalination. The governing mathematical models that describe both the transport phenomena on a module level and the energy flow on a system level are developed to evaluate the performances of the SWRO–PRO processes. The model aims to investigate the performance of the hollow fibers as dilution occurs and provides guidelines on hollow fiber module design and process operation. Determining the dilution factor and the corresponding operating pressure of PRO is the key to optimize the integrated process. The specific energy consumptions of three SWRO-involved processes; namely, (1) SWRO without a pressure exchanger, (2) SWRO with a pressure exchanger, and (3) SWRO with pressure exchangers and PRO are compared. The results show that the specific energy consumptions for the above three processes are 5.51, 1.79 and 1.08kWh/(m3 of desalinated water) for a 25% recovery SWRO plant; and 4.13, 2.27 and 1.14kWh/(m3 of desalinated water) for a 50% recovery SWRO plant, using either freshwater or wastewater as the feed solution in PRO.

Suggested Citation

  • Wan, Chun Feng & Chung, Tai-Shung, 2016. "Energy recovery by pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) in SWRO–PRO integrated processes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 687-698.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:162:y:2016:i:c:p:687-698
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.067
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    1. Kim, Jungbin & Park, Kiho & Yang, Dae Ryook & Hong, Seungkwan, 2019. "A comprehensive review of energy consumption of seawater reverse osmosis desalination plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    2. Farrell, Eanna & Hassan, Mohamed I. & Tufa, Ramato A. & Tuomiranta, Arttu & Avci, Ahmet H. & Politano, Antonio & Curcio, Efrem & Arafat, Hassan A., 2017. "Reverse electrodialysis powered greenhouse concept for water- and energy-self-sufficient agriculture," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 390-409.
    3. Wan, Chun Feng & Chung, Tai-Shung, 2016. "Maximize the operating profit of a SWRO-PRO integrated process for optimal water production and energy recovery," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 304-313.
    4. Maisonneuve, Jonathan & Chintalacheruvu, Sanjana, 2019. "Increasing osmotic power and energy with maximum power point tracking," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 683-695.
    5. Zadeh, Ali Etemad & Touati, Khaled & Mulligan, Catherine N. & McCutcheon, Jeffrey R. & Rahaman, Md. Saifur, 2022. "Closed-loop pressure retarded osmosis draw solutions and their regeneration processes: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    6. He, Wei & Wang, Yang & Elyasigomari, Vahid & Shaheed, Mohammad Hasan, 2016. "Evaluation of the detrimental effects in osmotic power assisted reverse osmosis (RO) desalination," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 608-619.
    7. Wan, Chun Feng & Chung, Tai-Shung, 2018. "Techno-economic evaluation of various RO+PRO and RO+FO integrated processes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 1038-1050.
    8. Sumina Namboorimadathil Backer & Ines Bouaziz & Nabeela Kallayi & Reny Thankam Thomas & Gopika Preethikumar & Mohd Sobri Takriff & Tahar Laoui & Muataz Ali Atieh, 2022. "Review: Brine Solution: Current Status, Future Management and Technology Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-47, May.
    9. Tawalbeh, Muhammad & Al-Othman, Amani & Abdelwahab, Noun & Alami, Abdul Hai & Olabi, Abdul Ghani, 2021. "Recent developments in pressure retarded osmosis for desalination and power generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    10. Tufa, Ramato Ashu & Pawlowski, Sylwin & Veerman, Joost & Bouzek, Karel & Fontananova, Enrica & di Profio, Gianluca & Velizarov, Svetlozar & Goulão Crespo, João & Nijmeijer, Kitty & Curcio, Efrem, 2018. "Progress and prospects in reverse electrodialysis for salinity gradient energy conversion and storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 290-331.
    11. Baghbanzadeh, Mohammadali & Rana, Dipak & Lan, Christopher Q. & Matsuura, Takeshi, 2017. "Zero thermal input membrane distillation, a zero-waste and sustainable solution for freshwater shortage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 910-928.
    12. Sung Ho Chae & Young Mi Kim & Hosik Park & Jangwon Seo & Seung Ji Lim & Joon Ha Kim, 2019. "Modeling and Simulation Studies Analyzing the Pressure-Retarded Osmosis (PRO) and PRO-Hybridized Processes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-38, January.
    13. Tashtoush, Bourhan & Alyahya, Wa'ed & Al Ghadi, Malak & Al-Omari, Jamal & Morosuk, Tatiana, 2023. "Renewable energy integration in water desalination: State-of-the-art review and comparative analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 352(C).
    14. Xu, Jiacheng & Liang, Yingzong & Luo, Xianglong & Chen, Jianyong & Yang, Zhi & Chen, Ying, 2023. "Towards cost-effective osmotic power harnessing: Mass exchanger network synthesis for multi-stream pressure-retarded osmosis systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 330(PA).

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