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Integration and optimization of pressure retarded osmosis with reverse osmosis for power generation and high efficiency desalination

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  • Altaee, Ali
  • Millar, Graeme J.
  • Zaragoza, Guillermo

Abstract

Salinity gradient power is proposed as a source of renewable energy when two solutions of different salinity are mixed. In particular, Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) coupled with a Reverse Osmosis process (RO) has been previously suggested for power generation, using RO brine as the draw solution. However, integration of PRO with RO may have further value for increasing the extent of water recovery in a desalination process. Consequently, this study was designed to model the impact of various system parameters to better understand how to design and operate practical PRO-RO units. The impact of feed salinity and recovery rate for the RO process on the concentration of draw solution, feed pressure, and membrane area of the PRO process was evaluated. The PRO system was designed to operate at maximum power density of ΔP=Δπ2. Model results showed that the PRO power density generated intensified with increasing seawater salinity and RO recovery rate. For an RO process operating at 52% recovery rate and 35 g/L feed salinity, a maximum power density of 24 W/m2 was achieved using 4.5 M NaCl draw solution. When seawater salinity increased to 45 g/L and the RO recovery rate was 46%, the PRO power density increased to 28 W/m2 using 5 M NaCl draw solution. The PRO system was able to increase the recovery rate of the RO by up to 18% depending on seawater salinity and RO recovery rate. This result suggested a potential advantage of coupling PRO process with RO system to increase the recovery rate of the desalination process and reduce brine discharge.

Suggested Citation

  • Altaee, Ali & Millar, Graeme J. & Zaragoza, Guillermo, 2016. "Integration and optimization of pressure retarded osmosis with reverse osmosis for power generation and high efficiency desalination," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 110-118.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:103:y:2016:i:c:p:110-118
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.02.116
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Lee, Sangkeum & Hong, Junhee & Har, Dongsoo, 2016. "Jointly optimized control for reverse osmosis desalination process with different types of energy resource," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 117(P1), pages 116-130.
    2. Altaee, Ali & Zhou, John & Alhathal Alanezi, Adnan & Zaragoza, Guillermo, 2017. "Pressure retarded osmosis process for power generation: Feasibility, energy balance and controlling parameters," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 303-311.
    3. Moosazadeh, Mohammad & Tariq, Shahzeb & Safder, Usman & Yoo, ChangKyoo, 2023. "Techno-economic feasibility and environmental impact evaluation of a hybrid solar thermal membrane-based power desalination system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(PA).
    4. Zhao, Yanan & Li, Mingliang & Long, Rui & Liu, Zhichun & Liu, Wei, 2021. "Dynamic modeling and analysis of an advanced adsorption-based osmotic heat engines to harvest solar energy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 638-649.
    5. Altaee, Ali & Cipolina, Andrea, 2019. "Modelling and optimization of modular system for power generation from a salinity gradient," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 139-147.
    6. Altaee, Ali & Palenzuela, Patricia & Zaragoza, Guillermo & AlAnezi, Adnan Alhathal, 2017. "Single and dual stage closed-loop pressure retarded osmosis for power generation: Feasibility and performance," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 328-345.
    7. Giorgia Tomassi & Pietro Romano & Gabriele Di Giacomo, 2021. "Modern Use of Water Produced by Purification of Municipal Wastewater: A Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-13, November.
    8. Chen, Yingxue & Vepa, Ranjan & Shaheed, Mohammad Hasan, 2018. "Enhanced and speedy energy extraction from a scaled-up pressure retarded osmosis process with a whale optimization based maximum power point tracking," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 618-627.
    9. Kim, Minseok & Kim, Suhan, 2018. "Practical limit of energy production from seawater by full-scale pressure retarded osmosis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 373-382.
    10. Ortega-Delgado, B. & Giacalone, F. & Cipollina, A. & Papapetrou, M. & Kosmadakis, G. & Tamburini, A. & Micale, G., 2019. "Boosting the performance of a Reverse Electrodialysis – Multi-Effect Distillation Heat Engine by novel solutions and operating conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    11. Ariana M. Pietrasanta & Mostafa F. Shaaban & Pio A. Aguirre & Sergio F. Mussati & Mohamed A. Hamouda, 2023. "Simulation and Optimization of Renewable Energy-Powered Desalination: A Bibliometric Analysis and Highlights of Recent Research," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-28, June.
    12. Ali Altaee & Nahawand AlZainati, 2020. "Novel Thermal Desalination Brine Reject-Sewage Effluent Salinity Gradient for Power Generation and Dilution of Brine Reject," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-14, April.
    13. Soleimanzade, Mohammad Amin & Sadrzadeh, Mohtada, 2021. "Deep learning-based energy management of a hybrid photovoltaic-reverse osmosis-pressure retarded osmosis system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    14. Altaee, Ali & Zaragoza, Guillermo & Drioli, Enrico & Zhou, John, 2017. "Evaluation the potential and energy efficiency of dual stage pressure retarded osmosis process," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 359-369.
    15. Soleimanzade, Mohammad Amin & Kumar, Amit & Sadrzadeh, Mohtada, 2022. "Novel data-driven energy management of a hybrid photovoltaic-reverse osmosis desalination system using deep reinforcement learning," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 317(C).
    16. Touati, Khaled & Tadeo, Fernando & Elfil, Hamza, 2017. "Osmotic energy recovery from Reverse Osmosis using two-stage Pressure Retarded Osmosis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 213-224.
    17. Bargiacchi, Eleonora & Orciuolo, Francesco & Ferrari, Lorenzo & Desideri, Umberto, 2020. "Use of Pressure-Retarded-Osmosis to reduce Reverse Osmosis energy consumption by exploiting hypersaline flows," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).

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